Consultation with a proctologist for diseases of the large intestine

A visit to some doctors requires preparation. In this article we will talk about the correct preparation for a proctologist - how to prepare for a visit to a proctologist: what to do, how and in what sequence, and what methods exist.

These tips are universal and suitable for those who:

• goes to a proctologist for the first time for an examination;
• plans to undergo outpatient treatment - bloodless microsurgical procedures without hospitalization.

Is it necessary to prepare for the appointment?

Preparation has two main goals: 1 - cleanse the intestines of decay products, 2 - get rid of gas formation.

Firstly, such preparation will relieve you of the feeling of embarrassment due to various physiological manifestations of the digestive system (for example, flatulence or involuntary discharge of rectal contents). This means you can feel much more calm and confident.

Secondly, in order to establish an accurate diagnosis, the doctor must conduct a comprehensive examination using special equipment (anoscopy and sigmoidoscopy). This is only possible if the rectum is first cleansed.

Who DOESN'T need to prepare?

If the pain in the anus is so severe that it is impossible to even touch, you can come to see a proctologist without preparation.

In this case, the doctor will provide first aid, but will not be able to conduct a full diagnosis. Therefore, at your initial appointment, the doctor will most likely recommend that you come back when the pain subsides and you can prepare.

3 main components of preparation

The process of preparing for an examination by a proctologist is quite simple and consists of 3 stages:

1. A simple diet that involves eliminating certain foods.
2. Purgation.
3. Routine hygiene of the external surface of the anus.

Any patient can perform these steps. The most important thing is to properly plan the time and sequence of actions.

We tried to collect in this article all the most important information that is usually of interest to our patients. If you have any other questions, you can always contact us (by phone or through the online form).

1. How to eat

About a day before visiting a proctologist, you need to exclude fried and fatty foods, heavy meat and fish dishes, and mushrooms from your diet.

It is advisable that a person’s diet before going to the proctologist include cereals, vegetable soups, dietary white meat (turkey, chicken), and a large amount of fruits and vegetables. The latter contain a large amount of dietary fiber - fiber. This substance stimulates intestinal muscular peristalsis, improving digestion.

It is strictly not recommended to consume foods that stimulate gas formation in the intestinal tract and contribute to the development of flatulence. These include:

1. legumes;
2. cabbage;
3. potato;
4. black and whole grain bread;
5. carbonated drinks, especially sweet ones.

Also, before visiting a proctologist, it is necessary to completely avoid alcoholic beverages, as they adversely affect the condition of the digestive system.

Important! The presence of gas can make examining the rectum much more difficult, so dietary recommendations must be followed.

On the day of your visit to the doctor, it is advisable not to eat for several hours before the proctological examination. If the examination is scheduled in the first half of the day, then it is better not to eat in the evening and have breakfast after the diagnosis.

If the visit is scheduled for a later time, you can eat a light breakfast. It is better to refrain from eating 3-4 hours before the test. Before taking, you can drink water or unsweetened tea.

It is acceptable to consume fruit juices that do not contain pulp or sugar.

Features of nutrition for diabetes and chronic diseases

For some serious illnesses, changing your diet can have a negative impact on your overall health. Therefore, if you are under medical supervision or regularly see a specialist for diabetes or chronic diseases, it is advisable to consult with your doctor.

2. How to cleanse the intestines

In order to remove residual feces from the rectum, the following can be used:

1. cleansing enema using the Esmarch Cup and clean water;
2. medicinal microenemas;
3. laxatives.

Each of these methods has its own pros and cons. Let's look at them in more detail.

Cleansing enema using the Esmarch Cup and clean water

Esmarch's mug is a special device for administering enemas. Sold in a pharmacy. It consists of a water container, a rubber tube and a special tap for regulating the volume and speed of liquid supply. The so-called clyster heating pad works on the same principle—you can use that too.

This is the most effective method of cleansing the intestines. A cleansing enema before an examination by a proctologist is usually performed twice: the first - on the eve of the examination, the second - on the day of the visit to the doctor.

Calculate the time so that between the last cleansing and the start of your appointment at the clinic there is a time period of approximately 3-4 hours. During this time, you may feel the urge to defecate due to the presence of residual water in the rectum.

This is completely normal, but may interfere with the inspection process and hardware diagnostics. Therefore, when such urges arise, they do not need to be restrained. On the contrary, it is better to visit the toilet every time and empty the intestines of water accumulations.

If necessary, you can increase the number of enemas to 3-4 pieces. Additional manipulations are required when there is a large accumulation of feces (for example, against the background of prolonged constipation).

Instructions for administering an enema

1. Fill Esmarch's mug with clean warm water (about 1.5-2 liters will be required).
2. Lubricate the tip of the device with some greasy ointment or cream (for example, vegetable oil or Vaseline).
3. Lie on the couch, on your left side, with your legs bent towards your stomach - take the “fetal position”.
4. Place a towel under the buttock area.

5. The assistant should hold Esmarch's mug at a height of 1.5 meters from the floor.
6. Carefully insert the lubricated tip into the anus.
7. Open the tap of the device so that the liquid enters the rectum through the anus.
8. Lie down until a strong bursting sensation appears.

9. After this, the patient should go to the restroom and empty the rectum.

The main advantages of a water cleansing enema

• high cleaning efficiency,
• safety (if instructions are followed),
• low cost.

"Disadvantages" of a water enema

• inconvenient for independent use (it is advisable to have someone help carry out the procedure);
• causes negative, repulsive feelings in many people;
• may cause pain due to the introduction of large amounts of water into the rectum;
• Some of the water may linger inside the intestines and come out in small portions - and the urge to defecate may occur quite often.

Contraindications to the use of water enema

1. Severe pain in the anus.
2. Malignant neoplasms in the anal canal.
3. Inflammatory diseases of the mucous membrane.
4. Presence of intestinal bleeding.
5. History of rectal prolapse.

6. Anal fissures.

Cleansing the intestines with an enema in these conditions is unacceptable, since inserting the tip into the cavity of the anal canal can injure the inflamed tissues and aggravate the course of the disease.

Cleansing with medicinal microenemas

Microenema is a more gentle procedure that causes virtually no discomfort. Sold in pharmacies, no prescription required. Most often, experts recommend using the drug Microlax. Reviews from people who have used this product prove its high effectiveness in cleansing the intestines before visiting a proctologist for both men and women.

A microenema is a small tube with a thin tip. The tube is filled with liquid with a volume of only 5 ml. One such tube is intended for one-time cleansing. The drug begins to act within 5-15 minutes after injection into the rectum.

To fully cleanse the rectum, 2-3 procedures are required. The last procedure is recommended to be carried out approximately 2 hours before the proctologist’s appointment. Preparing with Microlax is very convenient, especially if you plan to visit the doctor in the afternoon.

How to prepare for an appointment with a proctologist using Microlax microenemas (step-by-step instructions)

1. Wash your hands, then rinse the outside of your anus (as usual, in the shower).
2. Break off the seal on the tip of the tube. This must be done immediately before use.
3. Gently press on the tube and release a couple of drops of liquid so that they sprinkle the outside of the tip.

4. Insert the tip into the anus and squeeze out the contents of the tube. Adults and children over 3 years of age are given the entire liquid. Children under 3 years old - half (there is a special mark on the tube).
5. Without unclenching your fingers, squeeze out the tube.

6. Wait 5 to 15 minutes until a strong urge to defecate appears. The waiting time depends on the individual characteristics of the body.
7. Empty your bowels.
8. Repeat 1 or 2 more times.

   Focus on your own feelings: in most cases, 2 microenemas (in total) are enough, but if you feel that the intestines have not been completely cleansed, do 3 microenemas.

Note! Microclysters have contraindications.

Carefully read the leaflet and instructions included in the package. It is also necessary to consult a specialist. You can get advice by calling the clinic where you plan to undergo examination and examination.

Laxatives

One of the popular questions from patients is “Can I take a laxative to prepare for a visit to the proctologist?”

Doctors do not recommend using laxatives. The reasons are as follows:

1. It is impossible to accurately calculate when they will take effect.
2. The body's reaction is unpredictable. There is a risk of loose stools and diarrhea, which are quite difficult to get rid of.
3. They put a significant strain on the cardiovascular and digestive systems.

It is strictly not recommended to take laxatives for the following pathologies:

1. severe disorders of cardiac function, including chronic heart failure;
2. malignant neoplasms in the intestines, accompanied by widespread damage to the organ mucosa;
3. severe dehydration;
4. acute infectious processes with severe course;
5. complete or partial intestinal obstruction.

3. Personal hygiene

The final stage of preparation for an appointment with a proctologist is ordinary intimate hygiene, which involves washing the genitals and anus. It is advisable not to use antiseptics, as they can destroy the skin flora, which is sometimes taken for analysis. It is better to use regular baby soap.

After washing, pat your skin dry with a soft towel. There is no need to rub the anal area too much, as the doctor may mistake marks and redness for signs of disease.

Thus, special preparation for visiting a proctologist allows you to ensure bowel cleansing, which is necessary to assess the condition of the digestive system. Full preparation for an initial or repeated appointment with a specialist can ensure maximum information content and high reliability of the diagnostic results obtained.

Preparing for an appointment with a proctologist at Alan Clinic

• The Alan Clinic Medical Center is a specialized proctology clinic that provides all the services necessary to provide medical care to patients with diseases of the rectum.
• We care not only about the effectiveness of treatment, but also about a high level of comfort.
• Our patients have the opportunity to go through the following within the clinic’s walls within one day

• preparation for an appointment with a proctologist;
• comprehensive examination, including examination and hardware diagnostics;
• laboratory tests before starting treatment;
• treatment with modern non-surgical techniques, using equipment from well-known manufacturers.

At each of these stages, you can count on a sensitive attitude, highly qualified doctors, assistance and detailed explanations from specialists.

Therefore, if you want to relieve yourself of worries about how to prepare for an appointment with a doctor, we recommend coming to the clinic 40 minutes earlier. A qualified nurse will tell you what needs to be done and how to cleanse the intestines. In these 40 minutes, you will have time to do everything you need - in compliance with all the rules and recommendations of doctors and with minimal discomfort.

Proctological examination is not scary! If you choose a good clinic...

Source: https://alanclinic.ru/proctologiya/podgotovka-k-proctologu/

What does a proctologist treat, who should contact him and when?

It is necessary for people over 45 years of age to know what a proctologist treats, when even many healthy people have problems that this specialist solves. Another thing that distinguishes a proctologist from others is that this branch of medicine requires a very delicate approach and knowledge of psychology; patients often come to see patients who are very advanced in their disease.

What is proctology?

Proctology is a branch of medicine that studies diseases of the large intestine, including the colon and rectum.

If we talk about what a proctologist does, it would be more correct to call this medical section coloproctology, since this is a more complete and accurate name.

Based on this, in addition to diseases of the rectum, the proctologist deals with pathologies of the anus and anorectal area.

Who is a proctologist and what does he treat?

The answer to the question of who a proctologist is is partly contained in the description of the branch of medicine in which he works. Proctologists diagnose and treat organ diseases for which coloproctology is responsible. In addition, the proctologist must also be familiar with diseases of related fields - gynecology, urology, venereology and oncology.

What does a proctologist treat:

• colitis;
• haemorrhoids;
• anal itching and fissures;
• constipation and diarrhea;
• weakness of the anal sphincter;
• anal sphincter incontinence due to perineal rupture after childbirth;
• injuries, ingestion of foreign bodies;
• candidiasis, dysbacteriosis;
• perianal condylomas;
• polyposis;
• proctitis, paraproctitis;
• cryptite;
• helminthic infestations;
• anomalies (congenital) of the rectal area;
• incontinence of gases and feces;
• coccygeal cyst;
• rectal prolapse;
• neurological syndrome;
• fistulas;
• oncological diseases.

In percentage terms, the most common pathology is hemorrhoids, which can be accompanied by bleeding, pain, and swelling. Uncomplicated cases are treated with medications or minimally invasive methods.

In advanced cases, treatment for hemorrhoids may include surgery. Complications of hemorrhoids, which are also treated by a proctologist, include fistulas, thrombosis of hemorrhoids, the development of proctitis, paraproctitis, enterocolitis or colitis.

In addition, with hemorrhoids, intestinal motility is often impaired, swelling and damage to the intestinal mucosa develops.

Malignant neoplasms of the large intestine pose a great danger to the patient. In such cases, timely diagnosis of cancer is important, since colon cancer at the initial stage, when the likelihood of recovery is much higher, rarely manifests itself with any symptoms. For this reason, preventive examinations by a proctologist are very important.

What does a proctologist do in a clinic?

Proctologists in the clinic are therapeutic specialists. They are engaged in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases of the colon, treat congenital pathologies, infectious, parasitic, oncological and inflammatory diseases. What does a proctologist do in a clinic - list of diseases:

• colitis of any etiology;
• helminthic infestations;
• haemorrhoids;
• anal fissures.

What does a proctologist surgeon do?

A proctologist surgeon is a specialist who, in case of complications arising from damage to the rectum, performs planned or emergency surgical intervention. Coloproctological operations may be small in scope, but sometimes patients require serious reconstructive interventions, requiring the use of innovative techniques and the most modern equipment.

When should you contact a proctologist?

For many, a visit to a proctologist is an unpleasant, painful and scary procedure. Therefore, people prefer to self-medicate or use traditional methods. Such an unreasonable attitude can lead to sad consequences - the occurrence of complications or the development of oncology. To prevent this from happening, you need to know what the proctologist treats and visit him on time.

When to contact a proctologist:

• for chronic constipation alternating with diarrhea;
• with frequent pain in the anus, which intensifies in a sitting position, during bowel movements;
• with bleeding from the rectum;
• when blood appears in the stool;
• with inflammation of hemorrhoids;
• with a feeling of incomplete cleansing of the intestines after using the toilet;
• for rashes, itching, inflammation or swelling in the anal area;
• with rectal prolapse;
• with frequent abdominal pain, bloating and flatulence.

Proctologist appointment

At the first appointment, the proctologist first collects anamnesis, interviews the patient and conducts an initial examination.

Examination of the rectum using palpation and through the abdominal wall is what the proctologist looks at at the first appointment.

Such an examination helps to identify anal fissures, hemorrhoids, damage to the rectum, and pathological formations. A more serious examination is carried out using special tools.

1. Two days before your appointment, start following a diet that helps reduce gas formation and the formation of large feces. Potatoes, milk, legumes, rye bread, lemonade, vegetables and fruits that have not been heat-treated should be excluded from the diet.
2. On the eve of the examination, it is necessary to cleanse the intestines. This can be done with the help of the drug Fortrans, which very effectively removes all the contents of the intestines. The drug is taken according to a specific regimen, which is described in detail in the annotation. To cleanse the intestines, you can also use enemas - two procedures with a break of half an hour, or one in the evening and the second in the morning. You cannot eat after cleansing procedures until the examination.

How is an appointment with a proctologist?

At the appointment, the doctor introduces the patient to the preventive measures necessary for intestinal health. Consultation with a proctologist on the topic of prevention is necessary for some categories of patients:

• overweight people;
• women in the last trimester of pregnancy and those who have recently given birth;
• women in menopause;
• people who often suffer from constipation;
• weightlifters and people who have to lift weights;
• people whose day is spent in a sedentary position;
• patients who have already undergone surgery to remove hemorrhoids;
• people who have a relative with intestinal cancer;
• patients over 40 years of age.

What does a proctologist look for?

An examination by a proctologist using an anoscope or sigmoidoscope can see the rectum from the inside and detect pathological changes, if any. Colonoscopy allows you to examine the large intestine along almost its entire length.

A more superficial examination of the proctologist occurs during examination with an anoscope - the device is inserted to a depth of 14 cm. During such an examination, the doctor has the opportunity to take smears or biopsy samples.

Such an examination when contacting a proctologist is considered mandatory.

A more accurate diagnostic method is examination using a sigmoidoscope. With its help, the doctor examines the rectum and sigmoid colon to a depth of 40 cm, assessing not only the condition of the mucous membrane, but also the tone and motor functions of the intestine.

The most accurate diagnostic method is colonoscopy.

In addition to examining and identifying pathologies, some medical manipulations can be performed during the procedure - stopping bleeding, removing a foreign object, removing a small benign tumor.

What tests does the proctologist prescribe?

In addition to hardware examinations, the proctologist prescribes laboratory tests to help clarify the diagnosis. What tests can a proctologist prescribe:

Proctologist's advice

Very often people turn to a proctologist about hemorrhoids, which can cause the development of some other diseases.

Prevention and treatment of hemorrhoids - advice from a proctologist for people at risk:

1. It is necessary to organize a healthy, balanced diet, including vegetables, fruits, and not allowing diarrhea or constipation.
2. The drinking regimen to prevent constipation is 2 liters of water per day.
3. It is also important to give up bad habits - alcohol, nicotine.
4. For the health of the rectum, it is necessary to lead an active lifestyle, you need feasible physical activity and physical education.
5. It is necessary to maintain hygiene; every time after bowel movement, it is advisable to wash with soap and water.
6. It is also important to contact a proctologist in a timely manner for prompt detection of pathologies.

Source: https://womanadvice.ru/chto-lechit-proktolog-komu-i-kogda-k-nemu-stoit-obrashchatsya

How is examination by a proctologist carried out, types and methods

Proctology is a clinical science that studies diseases of the colon. And in order to correctly make a diagnosis and prescribe comprehensive treatment, it is necessary to carry out diagnostic measures. There are a lot of examination methods in proctology.

Thanks to the intensive development of medicine, new equipment has been developed with which it is possible to study the disease as accurately as possible. In addition, the knowledge and experience of the specialist play an important role. Therefore, any examination begins with a detailed history and examination.

Next, we will look at how an examination by a proctologist occurs, types and methods:

History taking and general examination

It is important to ask the patient in detail when the first symptoms of the disease appeared and how they developed. Not every person will be able to accurately describe the clinical picture of the disease, so it is necessary to ask leading questions. Experienced specialists can always obtain the necessary information and, based on this data, make a preliminary diagnosis.

A general inspection includes the following:

1. Examination of the skin and visible mucous membranes;
2. Assessing the patient’s physical development;
3. The presence of all kinds of defects not only in the anus, but also on the skin of the perineum, anterior abdominal cavity, and inner thighs.

It must be remembered that proctology studies not only problems associated with hemorrhoids, anal fissures, and constipation. Malignant neoplasms, which are manifested by loss of body weight and pallor of the skin, cannot be excluded.

In addition, taking an anamnesis and general examination allows for differential diagnosis with other pathologies.

Rectal examination

Digital examination is one of the important diagnostic methods in proctology. Thanks to such an examination, it is possible to identify pathologies from the rectum, pelvic organs, and abdominal cavity or exclude them. An experienced specialist will always be able to assess the condition of the colon.

And if the pathological formation is localized on the posterior wall of the rectum (semicircle) above the anus, then a rectal examination is the only method by which the disease can be identified.

Instrumental diagnostics in such an anatomical area is practically impossible.

Sigmoidoscopy

Such an examination by a proctologist allows you to most accurately make a diagnosis and find the cause of the disease. Using a special device (sigmoidoscope), the doctor can examine the rectum and part of the sigmoid colon.

The instrument is inserted 20-35 cm and has special magnifying optics. The specialist will be able to examine even minor changes in the intestinal wall and, if necessary, take material for histological examination.

Many proctologists recommend sigmoidoscopy for all people after 40 years of age for the purpose of prevention. Experience shows that routine diagnostics make it possible to identify diseases in the early stages of development and carry out comprehensive treatment.

Anoscopy

This instrumental method of examination by a proctologist allows you to examine the inner surface of the rectum. The anoscope is inserted to a depth of no more than 14 cm, but this is enough to assess the condition of the intestine. Most often, anoscopy is used as a comprehensive diagnosis to confirm a particular disease.

Sphincterometry

This diagnostic method allows you to evaluate the functioning of the rectal sphincters. Thanks to a special device, you can measure pressure and determine muscle function and the function of retaining the contents of the colon.

The sensor is inserted into the rectum, after which a graph of sphincter pressure is recorded on the monitor.

All this remains in the computer’s memory for a possible consultation of a medical commission and assessment of the effectiveness of the treatment.

Colonoscopy

Currently, this instrumental research method is the most informative. Thanks to modern equipment and the experience of a specialist, it is possible to examine 90% of the colon. This allows you to make a diagnosis and start treatment in a timely manner.

There are classical and capsule diagnostic methods. In the first case, a special flexible probe is inserted, which is gradually advanced into the intestinal lumen. Due to the presence of a special camera at the end of the probe, you can examine the colon in detail, evaluate the walls, identify defects, tumors, compactions and much more.

Many experts recommend using classic colonoscopy, despite the fact that the method is quite unpleasant. The fact is that with a capsule examination it is not always possible to obtain sufficient information.

Dye test

Such an examination by a proctologist is carried out to diagnose purulent pathologies. The dye is injected through the fistula, and a particular disease is judged by the color of the dye.

The method is quite informative and allows you to quickly begin complex treatment of the disease.

If there is a suspicion that the fistula communicates with the ampulla of the rectum, it is better to conduct the study in conjunction with colonoscopy.

Biopsy

Irrigoscopy

This x-ray examination method by a proctologist allows you to evaluate the colon for anatomical defects, neoplasms, constipation, diverticula, obstruction and much more. Using a special device, a radiopaque substance is injected through the anus and a series of photographs are taken, which are then interpreted by a specialist.

Ultrasound

Ultrasound diagnostics is an informative and technically simple examination method, thanks to which it is possible to identify many pathologies and, most importantly, the presence of metastases. Modern ultrasound machines allow you to evaluate the internal opening of the fistula, space-occupying formations and much more.

If you use endorectal ultrasonography, you can determine even slight tumor growth into the wall of the rectum.

Blood and stool tests

Blood and stool tests are the first laboratory diagnostic methods that are carried out in proctology and other areas of medicine. Using blood counts, you can assess the presence of inflammation in the body, and most importantly, identify markers of colon tumors. For an accurate clinical picture, a detailed blood test and biochemistry are prescribed.

A coprogram (stool analysis) must be done at the slightest suspicion of pathology from the gastrointestinal tract. Thanks to this examination, it is possible to determine the composition of excreted substances from the body. The presence of mucus, undigested food, fiber and some other things. They also determine feces for occult blood, take a smear and do a culture.

DNA diagnostics

A modern molecular diagnostic method that makes it possible to determine hereditary predisposition to colon cancer. Genetics is an amazing and not fully understood science. Therefore, it is impossible to determine the exact chain of transmission of tumor cells. But, thanks to DNA, it is possible to determine a predisposition to a malignant neoplasm and prevent it in time.

All these examination methods are prescribed by a proctologist according to indications. Therefore, if you experience the slightest discomfort in the anus, abdominal pain, blood from the anus, or other symptoms, you should immediately consult a specialist. The most terrible diseases, such as cancer, occur with minimal symptoms.

Source: https://proktolog.xyz/obsledovanie/

Who treats intestinal diseases

Intestinal problems have become increasingly common lately. Many people try to cope with them on their own, but often a situation arises when they cannot do without the help of a specialist.

Having suffered from pain and flatulence, a person wonders which doctor to see. The condition of the intestines is very important for the health of the entire body, because it not only absorbs nutrients, but also produces hormones, enzymes, vitamins, and develops immunity.

Therefore, if problems arise, you need to start treatment as soon as possible.

Intestinal structure and diseases

The intestines are the largest part of the digestive system. Its length is at least 6-7 meters.

It is in the intestines that the main process of breaking down food into nutrients, as well as their absorption, occurs.

In addition, many enzymes, hormones and vitamins necessary for the normal functioning of the body are formed here. The immunity that protects a person from infections is also formed in the intestines.

This organ consists of two sections: the small and large intestines. The small intestine starts from the stomach. It has a small diameter and thin walls.

This section begins with the duodenum, where the main processes of digestion take place. This is where bile and pancreatic enzymes come.

Most medications and many nutrients from food are also absorbed in the duodenum.

The small intestine in the pelvic area passes into the large intestine. The large intestine can have a diameter of up to 8 cm and thick walls.

This is where feces are formed. They can be retained for about a day, then are excreted through the rectum.

Due to the huge area of ​​the intestinal walls and the functions it performs, any digestive disorders affect its condition.

Depending on the cause and nature, different intestinal diseases occur:

• Dysbacteriosis is now considered the most common pathology of the gastrointestinal tract. The normal intestinal microflora is disrupted due to uncontrolled use of NSAIDs or antibiotics, poor nutrition, stress, and frequent viral diseases. It can also occur due to chronic gastritis or allergic diseases. The passion of many people for cleansing procedures and enemas also greatly disrupts the intestinal microflora.
• Enteritis is an inflammatory bowel disease. The acute form of this pathology can occur due to poisoning, infection, overeating, or eating spicy food. Poor nutrition and stomach pathologies can lead to chronic enteritis.
• Inflammatory diseases also include intestinal colitis. This pathology is localized in the large intestine. Colitis can be ulcerative, infectious, toxic, ischemic or spastic. But regardless of the cause, the disease greatly disrupts the microflora, leads to inflammation of the mucous membrane, and impaired absorption of nutrients.
• Crohn's disease affects the entire digestive tract. This is a chronic pathology that is accompanied by nonspecific symptoms, but disrupts the functioning of the entire body. The prognosis depends on the timeliness of its diagnosis.
• Irritable bowel syndrome is said to exist if there are no inflammatory processes or neoplasms, but the functions of the organ are impaired.
• Duodenal ulcer most often occurs along with damage to the walls of the stomach. This is a chronic pathology, the cause of which may be poor nutrition, stress or hereditary predisposition. But recently it is believed that the appearance of ulcers is caused by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori.
• The most common tumors in the intestine are polyps. The cause of this pathology can be a hereditary predisposition, a sedentary lifestyle, and poor nutrition. Polyps seriously interfere with the functioning of the intestines and can lead to intestinal obstruction.
• Colon cancer most often affects the colon. Usually the disease is diagnosed only in late stages, as it does not have specific symptoms.

Tumors that appear in the intestines are especially dangerous, as they can cause blockage.

When to see a doctor

Even the slightest discomfort in the gastrointestinal tract cannot be ignored. Usually people who have been suffering from stomach problems for a long time try to treat themselves. But this can be dangerous, because indigestion affects the condition of the entire body.

Often, intestinal problems are a consequence of gastritis, liver or gallbladder pathologies. In this case, the patient is usually already being treated by a therapist or gastroentrologist. But it is very important to know when you need to see a doctor urgently.

Typically, intestinal problems are indicated by the following signs:

Symptoms and treatment of intestinal diseases

• pain during defecation;
• prolonged constipation;
• frequent diarrhea;
• blood, mucus, or undigested pieces of food in the stool;
• pain in the navel or lower abdomen;
• decreased appetite;
• nausea, vomiting;
• flatulence, bloating, increased gas formation;
• belching, heartburn;
• weight loss, metabolic disorders;
• decreased immunity;
• general weakness, decreased performance.

Important: if at least a few of these symptoms appear, it is necessary to undergo examination. After all, the problems will gradually progress, disrupting the functioning of the entire body.

Intestinal problems vary in origin and location. And during treatment it is very important to take this into account. Therefore, it is impossible to say exactly which doctor treats the intestines. When mild pain or diarrhea occurs, you should consult a physician.

He will prescribe an examination that will help determine the cause of the pathology and choose a treatment method. The therapist gives a referral to more specialized specialists if the pathology turns out to be serious.

It is also recommended to consult other doctors if problems with the intestines are chronic.

Diagnostics

Any disease is easier to cure at the initial stage. Don’t think that if you take pills advertised on TV, everything will go away without a trace. Intestinal disorders often become chronic. Therefore, if you experience pain or even slight discomfort, you should consult a doctor and get examined. Most often, a referral for diagnostic procedures is given by a therapist.

Functional diagnostics doctors do not make a diagnosis based on symptoms, they examine the intestines. Depending on the patient’s complaints, he is prescribed endoscopy, x-ray, ultrasound or MRI. The radiologist checks for the presence of foreign bodies, fluid, and accumulation of feces in the intestines. This examination is usually done using contrast liquids.

But most often, an FGDS or colonoscopy is prescribed to check the condition of the intestines. This examination helps to accurately examine the condition of the mucous membrane, take its contents for analysis, and prevent complications of peptic ulcer disease.

If a more serious pathology is suspected or if there are problems with diagnosis, an MRI may be prescribed.

Gastroenterologist

The main specialist dealing with all problems of the gastrointestinal tract is a gastroenterologist. Therefore, when a GP discovers a serious bowel disease, he refers the patient to it. A gastroenterologist is well versed in the functioning of the digestive system. He is treating a patient for chronic intestinal diseases, inflammatory pathologies, and food poisoning.

The best specialist in all intestinal problems is a gastroenterologist.

Surgeon

This doctor does not specialize in bowel problems. But with some pathologies, only he can treat his problems.

These are emergency cases in which surgical intervention is necessary. Most often, a person sees a surgeon when he is hospitalized with acute abdominal pain.

This doctor treats inflammation of the cecum, intestinal obstruction, perforation or perforation of an ulcer, and bleeding.

Such an emergency condition can be recognized by its sudden onset and rapid deterioration of the patient’s condition. He may experience sharp pain in the abdomen and a fever. In addition, the help of a surgeon may be necessary for advanced gastrointestinal diseases, tumors, proctitis, and hemorrhoids.

Proctologist

This is another bowel doctor who deals with problems of the rectum. These include hemorrhoids, rectal prolapse, proctitis, trauma, anal fissures. A therapist can refer you to a proctologist, or you can contact him directly if you experience pain and itching in the anus, or problems with bowel movements.

Oncologist

Various neoplasms in the intestine are quite common. Usually they do not have specific symptoms, and the patient consults a therapist or gastroenterologist about abdominal pain and digestive disorders.

If a tumor is suspected, the attending physician refers the patient to an oncologist. This doctor conducts an examination to determine the type of tumor, the need for its removal, and treatment methods.

Cancerous tumors quickly metastasize to neighboring organs and can also cause intestinal obstruction or internal bleeding.

Infectious disease specialist

If intestinal pathology occurs due to infection in the gastrointestinal tract, the help of a specialist is necessary. He is well versed in all infectious diseases affecting this organ. But a patient sees such a doctor most often during hospitalization in case of a serious infection. Common food poisoning is treated by a gastroenterologist.

An infectious disease specialist treats salmonellosis, dysentery, cholera, and shigellosis. These diseases have recently become very rare, but if they are suspected, hospitalization in the infectious diseases department is necessary, as they are very contagious. You can also contact this doctor if the examination confirms dysbiosis.

Nutritionist

Gut health directly depends on the quality of a person’s diet. A modern lifestyle with an abundance of stress, vanity and unnatural food is increasingly becoming the cause of gastrointestinal diseases. In many cases, avoiding more serious problems is as simple as changing your diet. To do this, you can contact a nutritionist.

In addition, this doctor is engaged in drawing up an individual nutrition plan for disorders of the digestive system. Depending on the degree of damage to the organ and the type of pathology, he recommends a gentle diet that does not cause stress on the digestive tract. It is very important that the diet provides the body with all the necessary vitamins and microelements.

Diseases of the digestive tract are the most common and are often very severe, even leading to death. Therefore, it is very important to know which doctor you need to see in order to avoid complications and recover faster.

Source: https://vrbiz.ru/raznoe/kto-lechit-zabolevaniya-kishechnika

Make an appointment with a proctologist

A proctologist is a doctor who diagnoses and treats diseases of the colon. Many patients experience horror and fear before visiting a proctologist. Believe me, rumors about the “horrors” of examining a proctologist are greatly exaggerated. In Russia, it is not customary to talk about constipation and hemorrhoids.

Many people only come to a proctologist after many years of suffering. Yes, of course, going to the doctor is difficult. And there are many reasons for this.

Take at least one fear of a biological nature - fear of pain and physical harm, and if we add to this a psychological barrier, shame at the thought of invading personal space and body, etc., a visit to the proctologist is postponed and postponed; time passes and the disease progresses.

Cost of initial consultation up to 17 years inclusive: RUB 2,500.

Cost of initial consultation: RUB 2,700.

Many diseases of the colon, both benign and malignant, have similar symptoms of the disease. If the following symptoms appear, you should consult a proctologist:

• abdominal pain, feeling of bloating in the abdomen;
• change in the nature of stool - diarrhea or constipation, the appearance of mucus and blood in the stool;
• discharge of blood from the anus;
• presence of compactions, sensation of a foreign body in the rectum;
• pain, itching in the anus;
• incontinence of gases and feces.

In recent decades, colon cancer has ranked second among cancer diseases. In most cases, colon cancer initially passes through the stage of a benign polyp. If you remove the polyp in time, you can prevent the development of cancer.

It must be remembered that all people over 50 years of age, even in the absence of complaints, need to have their colon examined and stool tested for occult blood every five years. The “golden standard” for diagnosing diseases of the colon is endoscopic examination (colonoscopy), which allows the detection of tumors from 0.2 cm in diameter.

Modern research by scientists suggests the hereditary nature of colon cancer. Therefore, when colon cancer is detected in patients under 50 years of age, their relatives should undergo a colon examination and genetic testing to identify gene mutations that cause hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer.

What is included in a consultation with a proctologist?

Consultation with a proctologist includes:

• conversation with the patient, questioning and history taking;
• examination, digital examination of the rectum;
• instrumental examination of the rectum - anoscopy, sigmoidoscopy;
• recommendations for further examination (if indicated - to clarify the diagnosis) and treatment.

The multidisciplinary CELT clinic has modern diagnostic equipment to conduct a full examination for diseases of the rectum.

How to prepare for an examination by a proctologist?

In order for the information obtained as a result of the initial consultation to be as complete as possible, it is necessary to prepare for the examination - to clear the rectum of intestinal contents. As a last resort, if you are experiencing severe pain in the anus, you can come to the appointment without preparation.

Ways to prepare for inspection

• Using cleansing enemas. A cleansing enema must be done no later than 2-4 hours before the appointment or the evening before the appointment. To perform a cleansing enema, an Esmarch mug and tap water are used (water temperature - 25-28 degrees).
• If you have difficulty administering an enema, you can use the following drugs instead: Microlax or Enema Clean (following the attached instructions for use).

Doctors at the CELT multidisciplinary clinic adhere to the highest world standards in their work, thanks to which every patient can receive modern, high-quality medical care here.

Source: https://www.celt.ru/napravlenija/proctology/sotrudniki/