Prostate juice: testing technique and normal values

• September 21, 2018
• Prostate
• Yulia Kazakova

The prostate gland is an important reproductive organ. It produces prostate secretion, which contains enzymes that reduce the viscosity of sperm, which leads to sperm motility. Analysis of the secretion allows you to learn about important indicators of men's health, determine the quality and effectiveness of the therapy.

Purpose

The prostate gland is one of the most important organs of the reproductive system in men. It is located in the pelvic area, at the back wall of the bladder. It is in contact with the rectum on the other side and is separated from it by a thin septum.

The average size of the gland is three centimeters. It consists of two lobes, which are dotted with exit ducts. During sexual intercourse, sperm enters the secretion produced by the prostate through the excretory ducts.

Prostate secretion serves to neutralize the acidity of a woman’s vaginal environment by liquefying sperm and enriching it with enzymes. This ensures longer viability of sperm.

Compound

Prostate secretion is a slightly alkaline, translucent, milky liquid that is produced by the glandular part of the organ. The lipoid grains present in the gland determine the milky color of the juice. And a substance such as spermine gives the liquid a characteristic odor.

The secret is ninety percent water. In addition, it contains:

• potassium, sodium, calcium salts;
• phosphates;
• epithelial cells;
• enzymes;
• non-cellular inclusions;
• leukocytes;
• immunoglobulin;
• spermine

Indications for the study of prostate juice

Like any other organ, pathologies can develop in the prostate. Most often they occur due to sexually transmitted infections. Young men usually suffer from this problem because they are sexually active.

Infectious agents accumulate in the prostate throughout a man’s sexual life. When conditions arise that provoke the revival of the pathogen, an inflammatory process occurs.

Such conditions may include:

• stress;
• wrong lifestyle;
• hypothermia;
• all kinds of diseases of the urinary system.

Prostatitis as a consequence of problems with the prostate gland

Prostatitis is an inflammatory process that occurs in the prostate. Depending on what caused its occurrence, different forms of prostatitis can be distinguished:

• abacterial;
• chronic;
• bacterial;
• spicy.

Symptoms indicating prostate problems

Analysis of prostate secretions allows us to identify the nature of the disease and assess its development. The analysis should be carried out if the following symptoms are present:

• it is not possible to conceive a child for a long time;
• decreased libido;
• systematic pain in the pelvic area;
• erectile disfunction.

There is another very important reason for analyzing prostate secretions - it is to track the dynamics of the therapy that was prescribed to the patient. The biochemical composition of the juice can indicate the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of prescribed medications.

Any symptoms that indicate problems in the prostate gland should be a signal to contact a specialist as soon as possible. If you detect a developing disease in a timely manner, this will help you get rid of it and recover in a short time.

A man who is attentive to his health can conduct an initial diagnosis himself and determine that he has problems in the genitourinary system.

The first symptoms of developing pathology in the prostate include:

• the urge to urinate very frequently;
• pain when urinating;
• feeling that the bladder is not completely emptied;
• problems with potency.

Self-medication is pointless until the cause of the pathology is determined. Taking folk remedies and special urological exercises can only relieve symptoms, but not eliminate the cause of the disease. Once medications and exercise are stopped, symptoms will return.

Collection procedure

How is prostate juice analysis done? This is the question that worries the strong half of humanity, concerned about their state of health. The answer to this is - with the help of a massage of the prostate gland. Men do not like this procedure, but it will not be possible to get an accurate picture of what is happening in the prostate without it.

The doctor performs gland massage on an outpatient basis. The bladder must be emptied before starting the procedure.

How to take prostate juice from men depends on the build, weight and other characteristics of the patient. In most cases, this is done in a knee-elbow position. Well, it is possible to lie on your side with your legs pressed to your chest.

The consequence of rectal massage is the release of a small amount of prostate juice. The material is collected in a test tube or on a glass slide, it depends on the amount of juice released. The glass is then placed in a sterile container and sent to the laboratory for testing.

Preparation for collecting material

Before taking prostate juice, the patient is given some recommendations.

• It is necessary to abstain from sexual intercourse for two to three days before the procedure.
• You need to give up alcohol.
• Cycling and any stress on the prostate gland are prohibited.
• It is prohibited to take hot baths, go to the sauna and bathhouse.

What is culture of prostate secretion?

Bacterial culture is a laboratory test of biomaterial that allows one to detect the causative agent of the disease and determine its sensitivity to antibiotics.

The research must be carried out in two stages:

1. The first stage is growing bacteria. To do this, they are placed in a favorable and appropriate nutrient environment. The entire process is monitored to determine the rate at which the number of bacteria increases. Indicators are calculated in CFU/ml.
2. At the second stage, the sensitivity of bacteria to drugs is determined. This research is extremely important because the bacteria are very resistant to drugs, which has been a serious problem over the past decades. Therefore, an antibiogram is very important and allows you to choose a drug that will be effective in this case.

Microorganisms in the prostate secretion

The most common microorganisms that grow in prostate secretions are:

• coli;
• enterococci;
• staphylococci.

You can also test prostate secretions for sexually transmitted infections. Often this makes it possible to identify the causative agents of sexually transmitted diseases: ureaplasma, chlamydia and others.

5-7 days is the duration of the study. Treatment tactics for the patient are developed based on the results.

Currently, culture of prostate juice is an affordable procedure. It can be performed in all clinics with a urological focus, as well as in dermatovenerology clinics.

Types of research

There are two types of research: bacteriological and microscopic. Microscopic examination examines the structure of cells. For this purpose, sight glasses with drops of secretion placed between them are used.

Bakposev is a bacteriological study.

The fern symptom is another informative test. It is carried out as follows: drops of secretion are applied to the viewing glass and saline solution is added in the same amount. All this is mixed and left to dry.

A peculiar pattern is obtained during the crystallization process. If it has the shape of a fern, this is a sign that there are no inflammatory processes in the prostate.

If the picture is distorted or difficult to see, this is a sign of prostatitis.

Interpretation of the results of prostate juice analysis

Smell, color, density, collected volume - these are the indicators that are assessed when examining prostate secretion. Also, processing the material allows us to detect the presence of pus and blood in it.

Explanation:

1. If the amount of secretion collected is more than two milliliters, this indicates congestion in the prostate gland, and if less than one, this indicates prostatitis. Normally it should be 0.5-2 ml.
2. If more than 10 units of leukocytes are present in the prostate secretion, this means that an inflammatory process has begun.
3. Red blood cells are present or there are more than 2 of them - this is a suspicion of the development of a tumor or prostatitis.
4. More than two cells of condensed epithelium are a sign of a desquamous inflammatory process.
5. If lecithin grains are below normal (less than 10 million in one milliliter), this is a suspicion of oncology.
6. Giant cells, pathogenic microorganisms, opportunistic microflora should be absent; their presence indicates the onset of the inflammatory process.

But bacterial culture may not always show an inflammatory process, although symptoms of the disease are present. In this situation, the patient may be asked to undergo a test with pyrogenal.

If in this case the study does not show signs of pathology in the prostate, two more options are possible: there are several foci of inflammation in the prostate gland or the excretory ducts are narrowed.

TRUS or biopsy may be prescribed to determine the picture.

Prostatitis is one of the most common male diseases in the world. 7 out of 10 men who suffer from prostatitis die from a disease such as prostate cancer.

The worst thing is that many men ignore all the symptoms of prostatitis, and visiting a doctor may no longer be useless. Therefore, every representative of the stronger sex should be wary if the following symptoms are present:

• pulling or cutting pain is felt in the perineum or scrotum, lower abdomen;
• burning in the urethra;
• frequent urination;
• feeling of an incompletely emptied bladder;
• weak stream;
• the quality and duration of erections has deteriorated;
• premature ejaculation;
• increased irritability and fatigue.

Source: https://cureprostate.ru/420811a-sok-prostatyi-kak-berut-i-chto-pokazyivaet-norma-i-rasshifrovka-analiza

What does prostate juice analysis show and how is it done, norm and interpretation, preparation for analysis

• Urologist-andrologist 1st category Denis Georgievich
• 28112
• Update date: December 2019

The most important examination to determine the state of male health is an analysis of prostate juice.

It is carried out if prostatitis is suspected, to assess the effectiveness of treatment, as well as in cases of fertility problems. Men over 45-50 years old are recommended to undergo this test annually, even in the absence of any alarming symptoms.

What is “prostate secretion”?

Prostate analysis as a marker of male health allows you to confirm or refute inflammatory diseases of the prostate gland. Based on the results of this study, one can diagnose adenoma, prostatitis, or suspect a malignant neoplasm.

Juice is a whitish liquid produced by the prostate gland. Its main function is to ensure the vital activity of sperm after ejaculation.

It is thanks to the secretion that sperm can fertilize an egg within a few days after entering the female body.

The juice dilutes the seminal fluid and also changes the acidity of the female vaginal environment, allowing sperm to reach the egg.

Prostate juice is essential for conception

Prostate juice makes up about a third of the total volume of seminal fluid. The juice contains special protein substances – lecithin grains.

They are the ones that color the juice milky white and provide the desired consistency of the liquid.

This secretion is produced in the prostate, but during ejaculation it is pushed into the urethra, where it mixes with the seminal fluid.

If the function of the prostate gland is impaired, the composition of the juice changes. With congestive prostatitis, the secretion thickens and its outflow is disrupted. Due to structural changes in the juice, the fertilizing ability of a man decreases, which is explained by a decrease in the number of lecithin grains.

In case of acute infectious inflammation, pathogenic microorganisms are detected in the composition, which makes it possible to diagnose the form of the disease and identify the type of pathogen.

With adenoma and cancer, there is a change in the number of red blood cells, leukocytes and epithelial cells in the secretion.

Analysis of prostate secretion: indications and types

Indications for analysis are any pathological conditions accompanied by pain in the perineum, which allow one to suspect prostatitis. The reason for collecting fluid for examination is the patient’s complaints of urinary disturbances, burning and discomfort in the urethra after urination and ejaculation, and cramping pain in the lower abdomen.

It is known that the prostate gland undergoes changes with age due to physiological aging. Analysis of prostate juice allows you to detect the onset of a pathological process in time and take the necessary therapeutic measures.

Prostate juice as a marker of pathological changes in the prostate gland is studied in two ways - microscopic and bacterial.

Microscopic examination reveals the fact of inflammation

Microscopic examination allows you to evaluate:

• quantity and consistency of juice;
• the presence of leukocytes and erythrocytes;
• number of lecithin grains;
• the presence of blood in the secretion.

Thanks to a microscopic examination, the very fact of the inflammatory process in the prostate gland is established. The test specimen is stained with a special substance and then placed on a glass slide. All quantitative changes in the composition of the juice are assessed by filling the field of view of the microscope. Based on these manipulations, the analysis is deciphered.

This is followed by bacterial culture to identify:

• pathogenic microflora (fungi);
• pathogenic staphylococci;
• trichomonas;
• gonococci;
• opportunistic bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa).

Deciphering the bacterial culture allows you to determine the type of causative agent of the inflammatory process. The norm implies the complete absence of any microorganisms in the juice. Based on bacterial culture, the susceptibility of the pathogen to antibiotics is assessed and medications are prescribed.

Bacterial analysis of prostate juice allows you to determine the specific type of infection and select a treatment regimen

How to prepare for the examination?

Preparation is required to carry out the analysis. As a rule, the doctor warns the patient in advance about all restrictions on the eve of the test.

It is recommended to abstain from sex for three days. 5 days before the scheduled date of the study, you should stop taking any medications, especially non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Otherwise, taking medications may negatively affect the test results.

The day before you should do a cleansing enema. It is recommended to cleanse the intestines again 2 hours before the procedure. It is important to remember that the test is performed only on an empty bladder, so you should urinate before the test.

Also, the day before the examination, it is necessary to minimize physical activity, avoiding heavy exertion. A light dinner is allowed at night, although in most cases there are no restrictions on food intake.

Having figured out how to prepare, you need to know how research is done.

Collecting juice for analysis

Prostatic secretion is produced in response to stimulation of the prostate gland. This manipulation is performed rectally. The patient takes a knee-elbow position, or lies on his side with his knees drawn up in his chest. This position of the body ensures relaxation of the pelvic muscles, making manipulation easier.

Then the doctor inserts a finger into the rectal opening and massages it. It consists of stroking the organ from the periphery to the center and in the opposite direction. After a few minutes, a secretion is released from the prostate glands, which protrudes from the urethra.

Its quantity is not large - from a few drops to two milliliters.

In some cases, due to inflammation, the outflow of prostate juice is disrupted. In this case, the analysis can be carried out by collecting the first portion of urine after rectal exposure. That is why the patient is asked to urinate immediately before the analysis - then the urine collected after exposure will not have foreign impurities.

If it is difficult to obtain prostate secretions, urine is taken for analysis.

Decoding the results

Deciphering the analysis is carried out in several stages. Not only the composition of the liquid is assessed, but also quantitative indicators.

1. Decoding begins with determining the amount of liquid. The norm is up to two milliliters. With infectious inflammation there is less fluid, with congestion in the pelvic organs - more, up to 4 ml.
2. The norm for leukocytes and erythrocytes is their complete absence in the juice. When leukocytes are elevated, inflammation is diagnosed; elevated red blood cells indicate congestive prostatitis.
3. Macrophages are normally absent; during inflammation they are found in the juice.
4. Giant cells appear only when the organ is pathological; the norm is their complete absence. The number of epithelial cells in prostatitis increases to 15-20.
5. Decoding the analysis includes one of the most important parameters - determining the number of lecithin grains. The norm is more than 10 million grains in 1 milliliter of the study drug. They are determined by filling the field of view of the microscope. In acute infectious inflammation of the prostate, their number sharply decreases; in chronic congestive prostatitis, lipoid bodies or lecithin grains may be completely absent.
6. The bacterial composition of the juice must be examined. If pathogenic staphylococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, chlamydia or gonococci are detected in the analysis, infectious prostatitis is diagnosed.

Deciphering the analysis allows not only to make a diagnosis, but also to select drugs for the treatment of inflammation of the prostate gland, as well as evaluate the response of pathogenic microorganisms to antibiotics.

Depending on what the study of the juice secreted by the gland shows, conclusions can be drawn about the further prognosis.

To assess the effectiveness of the chosen therapy, a repeat analysis is prescribed after some time. Most often it is prescribed after a month. Repeated examination may show changes in the composition of the juice after a course of antibiotic therapy.

Contraindications for analysis

The analysis cannot be performed if there is any damage or inflammation in the rectum. In case of exacerbation of hemorrhoids or in the presence of anal fissures, it is prohibited.

Stones in the prostate gland are an absolute contraindication to rectal examination of the organ and digital stimulation of the prostate. Otherwise, the stones may move and damage the organ tissue.

The prostate gland is not examined rectally in case of malignant neoplasms, acute inflammatory process or tuberculosis of the organ.

If the patient has a cold, feels unwell, or notices an increase in body temperature, the test is rescheduled. The doctor must be notified of any alarming symptoms on the day of the examination; any deterioration in well-being is a reason to postpone the examination.

Until August 10, the Institute of Urology together with the Ministry of Health is conducting the program “Russia without prostatitis .” Within which the drug Predstanol is available at a discounted price of 99 rubles. , to all residents of the city and region!

Source: https://ProstatitNo.ru/prostata/analiz-soka-prostaty/

Analysis of prostate secretions

The content of the article:

Analysis of prostate secretions is an important diagnostic method that allows you to confirm a diagnosis such as prostatitis. In this article we will describe in detail how it is carried out, what preparation, indications and contraindications exist, as well as how the result of the analysis of prostate secretion is deciphered.

What is prostate secretion

Prostate secretion or prostate juice is a clear, whitish fluid secreted by the prostate gland. During sexual intercourse, prostate juice, along with male reproductive cells, enters the urethra.

Prostate secretions account for about a third of the total sperm volume. The main function of this secretion is related to childbirth. The fluid released from the prostate protects sperm from damage as they pass through the urethra.

In addition, it gives the sperm a more liquid consistency to increase permeability. Prostate secretion contains substances with antimicrobial effects and nutritional components. It helps maintain sperm viability and improves male fertility.

The study of secretions makes it possible to assess the condition of the prostate and for this reason plays a special role in the diagnosis of male pathologies.

Examination of prostate secretions is one of the main tests for prostatitis. This analysis takes very little time, and its results allow us to draw reliable conclusions about the state of men's health. It is very important to conduct such an examination in a timely manner and prescribe the necessary therapy. After all, prostate diseases not only worsen the quality of life of men, but can also lead to infertility and other very serious problems.

Composition of prostate secretion

In healthy men, the secretion of the prostate gland has the following biochemical composition:

— Water (96-98%). — Metal salts (zinc, potassium, sodium, calcium). - Lemon acid. — Phosphates, citrates, chlorides, bicarbonates. - Prostaglandins. - Immunoglobulins. - Enzymes. - Fructose. - Maltose. - Spermin. — Cellular components (leukocytes and erythrocytes, epithelial cells, as well as inclusions: Böttcher crystals, lecithin grains, amyloid bodies).

• 1- prostate epithelial cell;
  2- amyloid bodies;
  3- lecithin grains;
  4- Böttcher crystal;
  
• 5- sperm.

In what cases is an analysis of prostate secretions prescribed?

The study is performed as prescribed by a urologist if the patient has the following symptoms:

- Pain in the groin area. - Difficulty urinating.

- Cutting and pain when urinating in men.

- Frequent urge to go to the toilet, especially at night. - Excretion of urine in too small volumes. This test is also performed if it is necessary to evaluate a man’s fertile function.

Contraindications to the procedure

In some cases, testing the fluid secreted by the prostate gland is not recommended. Contraindications to the analysis of prostate secretions include:

- Fever (more than 38 degrees). - Inflammation, even if it is not related to the prostate. - Hemorrhoids during exacerbation. - Anal fissure. — Prostate tuberculosis.

Preparation for prostate secretion analysis

Examination of prostate secretions requires preliminary preparation. So, for several days before the analysis you need to abstain from sexual intercourse (abstinence period is 3-7 days). Three days before the test, you should completely abstain from alcohol. Also, at this time, you should not expose yourself to strong physical activity and spend time in the sauna. An enema must be performed the day before.

How to test prostate secretions

To obtain material for analysis, it is necessary to massage the prostate gland. The patient is placed on the right side, with emphasis on the knee and elbow. The doctor feels the gland and very gently presses on the isthmus. This is prostate massage.

As a result of such manipulation, secretion begins to be released through the urethra. It is collected in a sterile container. There are times when the juice does not come out. Then the patient will need to go to the toilet (the secret of the prostate is in the first portion of urine).

Interpretation of the results of the analysis of prostate secretions

After the analysis, the patient is given the result. In this case, macro- and microscopic parameters are indicated.

Important macroscopic characteristics are: density, shade, smell, acidity and volume of secretion. Microscopic indicators are the number of leukocytes, erythrocytes, macrophages, epithelial cells and more.

For each parameter, reference values ​​are indicated. Based on them, you can determine whether a particular indicator is within the normal range. It is important to remember that different laboratories may have different normal limits. Their values ​​may be influenced by technical issues such as microscope magnification, etc.

Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the result according to the standards of a specific laboratory.

After receiving the results, you should definitely consult a doctor. The doctor will examine laboratory parameters, assess the situation, and, if necessary, prescribe additional diagnostics to make an accurate diagnosis.

Standards for macroscopic indicators

The volume of fluid obtained as a result of prostate massage should be in the range of 0.5 - 2 ml. But there are also cases when the amount of secretion is less than normal. Then you cannot assemble it in the usual way.

If the volume of secretion is insufficient, they resort to another method - examining urine using a three-glass sample. The material is collected into the third glass after prostate massage. Prostate secretion is denser than urine. It is isolated after centrifugation and analyzed.

The color of the material should normally be whitish, like diluted milk. The normal density is 1.022. This characteristic is of great importance, since the ability of male germ cells to conceive depends on density. Another important macro indicator is the reaction of the environment.

It should be either neutral or slightly alkaline.
After crystallization, biological fluids form a fractal structure that resembles a fern in appearance. This phenomenon is known as fern syndrome. Prostate fluid is added to the saline solution.

Macromolecules of hormones and salt form typical structures during crystallization. This method is used not only in the analysis of prostate secretions, but also for the study of other biological materials.

Norms for microscopic indicators

Normal microscopic parameters of prostate secretion are presented in the table.

Indicators	Norms	Explanations
Lipoid bodies or lecithin grains	High level (1 ml of secretion contains more than 1 million lipoid grains).	Microscopic examination completely covers the field of view.
Leukocytes	Magnification 280 allows you to observe up to 10 leukocytes in the field of view. With an increase of 400, their number increases to 5.	Exceeding the norm signals an inflammatory process.
Red blood cells	Their absence is considered the norm.	Sometimes a very small number may be observed - 1 or 2.
Epithelial cells of the prostate ducts	In the field of view no more than 2 at a magnification of 280-400 times.
Giant cells	None.
Böttcher crystals	Several units are present both normally and in diseases.	They form when the secretion hardens. This indicator has no diagnostic value.
Pathogenic organisms and fungi	None.	The presence indicates an infectious disease.
Opportunistic microflora	Normally, a small amount is allowed.

What do deviations in prostate secretion levels mean?

A sign of inflammation can be either a decrease or an increase in secretion. Changes in the shade of the secretion always indicate pathology. If it is not whitish, but yellowish, prostatitis can be suspected. A red tint (blood) is evidence of chronic prostatitis and may even be a sign of a malignant process.

Any deviation in density (decrease or increase) indicates an inflammatory process. This is also indicated by the acid reaction. If the number of lipid cells has decreased, fertility problems may occur. A high white blood cell count is a sign of inflammation. Red blood cells in the prostate secretion are an alarming sign.

It may indicate damage to the gland due to prostatitis or prostate cancer. An increased content of epithelial cells (10-15) is characteristic of inflammation. In patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis, gonococci and Trichomonas may be detected. In the case of fungal prostatitis, the mycelium of the fungus is detected.

An increased level of opportunistic flora means that a man has nonspecific prostatitis.

Results of prostate juice analysis for prostatitis

The shade of the secretion changes with this disease. It becomes cloudy and brownish-yellow. Red color is a sign of bacterial chronic prostatitis, a brick shade indicates abacterial prostatitis. The smell of prostatitis (acute and chronic bacterial) can become sweetish.

The Ph reaction in this disease changes to the acidic side. With non-bacterial prostatitis, leukocytes do not increase. In acute and chronic bacterial prostatitis, this figure increases. The level of red blood cells increases only in the case of a chronic course of the disease - up to 20-35.

Also, in patients with chronic prostatitis, macrophages appear - from 10 to 20. The content of amyloid bodies increases significantly. Epithelial cells increase in any form of prostatitis – 20-35. Böttcher and Trousseau-Lallement crystal is a sign of bacterial inflammation in the prostate.

As for fern syndrome, it is negative.

For comparison, the table shows the norms of secretion analysis and deviations for prostatitis.

Table for assessing the results of normal and pathological analysis of prostate secretions

Indicators	Norms	Deviations with prostatitis
Quantity	from 0.5 to 2 ml.	With prostatitis, there is a decrease in secretion, and an increase may indicate congestion.
Color	Whitish	With prostatitis, the color can be deep white or yellowish. Blood may produce reddish pinkish tints.
Smell	Specific smell of sperm.	Non-specific smell.
Density	1022	With prostatitis, a decrease or increase in secretion density may be observed.
pH reaction	Slightly acidic or neutral (ph 6.4-7.0)	During exacerbation of chronic prostatitis or acute prostatitis, the reaction shifts to the acidic side, and outside of exacerbation, the reaction can be alkaline.
Leukocytes	0 to 10 per field of view at 280x magnification, from 0 to 5 at 400x magnification, 300 cells/μl when using a counting chamber.	An increase in the number of leukocytes indicates an inflammatory process. Do not forget that the secretion passes through the urethra and when it is inflamed, leukocytes can come from it.
Red blood cells	Single or absent	With prostatitis and prostate cancer can be detected.
Epithelial cells	1-2 in sight	An increase indicates the presence of inflammation.
Macrophages	Single or absent	Their number increases with chronic inflammation or stagnation.
Giant cells	None	Appear during a chronic inflammatory process and congestion in the prostate.
Amyloid bodies	None.	Their appearance indicates congestion in the prostate gland.
Lecithin grains	Lots (10 ml/ml)	Their number decreases with prostatitis.
Böttcher crystals	single	For prostatitis and infectious diseases they are within normal limits and therefore have no diagnostic value. They are formed quickly and in large quantities during azoospermia and pronounced oligozoospermia, which are diagnosed in a spermogram analysis.
Fern symptom	Positive	Negative
Gonococcus	Not found.	Gonorrhea.
Trichomonas	Not found.	Trichomoniasis
Fungi	Not detected.	Identified in prostatitis.
Pathological microflora	Not found.	In large quantities for bacterial prostatitis.

If there are indications for an analysis of prostate secretions, you should not postpone the procedure. It will help make an accurate diagnosis, and the doctor will prescribe treatment in a timely manner.

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Detailed analysis of prostate secretion

Analysis of prostate secretions is an important diagnostic method that allows you to confirm a diagnosis such as prostatitis. In this article we will tell you in detail how it is carried out, what preparation is required

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Source: https://genitalhealth.ru/116/Analiz-sekreta-prostaty/

The secret of the prostate - decoding: what should be the normal level of indicators in prostate juice

Examination of prostate secretion is carried out under a microscope. During the event, bacterial diagnostics are performed. This test helps determine inflammation of the prostate in men. Modern methods also make it possible to determine the severity of the disease and the type of pathogen.

Thanks to this, it is possible to choose the right course of treatment, which quickly normalizes the functions of the organ. In the urology office, prostate secretions are obtained; the norm and deviation are determined during the study.

Normal indicators

Deciphering prostate secretions significantly helps in diagnosis. At the same time, they analyze whether the indicator in a given patient is normal or whether there are deviations.

The laboratory technician draws attention to the following facts:

• Normally, it is possible to obtain from 0.5 to 2 ml of liquid. If the results are less, then the man is suspected of having prostate inflammation. Otherwise, stagnation is diagnosed;
• The prostate secretion should have a characteristic white color, and you can smell the aroma characteristic of semen. A yellow tint indicates the presence of inflammation. If the liquid is red, then there are drops of blood in it;
• physiological density and viscosity are also assessed, which should be 1022, and the pH reaction is in the range from 6.4 to 7. The result is a slightly acidic or neutral environment;
• The secretion of the prostate gland in a normal state contains no more than 10 leukocytes; it is also allowed for up to two epithelial cells to fall into the field of view. During the study, urine may enter a portion of juice when passing through the urinary tract;
• red blood cells in the study material must be in single form, otherwise the patient is suspected of prostatitis or cancer;
• Inflammation can be diagnosed in the presence of macrophages or giant cells. When amyloids are detected, secretion stagnation is diagnosed.
• if more than 10 million lecithin grains can be detected in 1 ml, then we can safely talk about the development of prostatitis in the patient;
• prostate analysis is also performed to identify the causative agent of the disease. It may be a fungus, gonococcus or Trichomonas. During the examination, the doctor will receive material that will allow you to learn more about the course of the infectious process.

Examination of the juice allows us to identify the cause of the deterioration of the patient’s health. Based on the results obtained, the urologist selects a course of treatment.

Urine in the prostate

To obtain prostate secretion, a man must lie on his side in the urologist's office. It is also possible to take a knee-elbow position. The doctor will need to massage the prostate through the rectum.

Thanks to this, it will be possible to stimulate the functioning of the gland. The procedure is painless. It is necessary to apply light pressure on the isthmus. Stimulation will allow the juice to move through the urinary canals.

A certain amount of fluid must be released from the urethra, which will be taken for examination. It can only be collected in a completely sterile container.

There are cases when prostate massage does not give the desired result. In this case, the patient is advised to urinate. In the first portion of urine, as a rule, it is possible to detect prostate juice. Diagnosis is made using it. No attention is paid to urine content. This method is used only as a last resort, because it does not have the necessary level of reliability.

Color change mechanism

Analysis of prostate juice begins with an assessment of its external characteristics. Consistency plays an important role. Yellow color indicates the presence of pus, which occurs against the background of inflammation.

The clinical picture may be aggravated by increased viscosity and unpleasant odor. Signs accompany an acute form of prostatitis or other pathologies in the male reproductive system.

The pink color of prostate secretion indicates the presence of plasma impurities in the fluid. This fact must be taken into account during the diagnosis of the disease. It is recommended to begin treatment immediately. Otherwise, the risk of developing serious complications increases.

Attention! In case of any deviation from the norm, it is necessary to undergo examination by a specialist.

Today, almost all diseases are completely curable if you consult a doctor on time. Therapy gives maximum results at the first stage of development of the disease.

Diagnostics

The study of prostate juice in laboratory conditions makes it possible to carry out early diagnosis. This liquid has a certain composition. The doctor makes a comparison with normal values. After this, he makes a conclusion about the patient’s health condition.

Indicators are normal:

• the secretion is released in amounts from 4 ml to 2 drops;
• the color of the juice should be more similar to white, however, a completely snow-white version is also considered abnormal;
• the liquid should be sufficiently thick and viscous;
• acidic environment.

Possible pathologies

As the inflammatory process develops, the amount of juice may sharply increase or decrease. The presence of a disease can also be suspected if the color of the secretion changes. For example, a yellow tint often accompanies prostatitis.

Red appears when the pathology becomes chronic. This symptom also accompanies various malignant tumors. Additionally, during the analysis, the laboratory technician can also detect an acidic environment.

Fertility problems occur if the number of lipid cells decreases sharply. Inflammation is often diagnosed if the juice contains a large number of red blood cells. This clinical picture is an alarming sign of prostatitis or cancer.

If 10 to 15 epithelial cells are found in the biological fluid, then inflammation is also suspected. In the chronic form of the disease, the patient may additionally present gonococci and Trichomonas in the analysis. The study also reveals the mycelium of the fungus.

Attention! With prostatitis, the shade of the secretion may change. Clear signs of cloudiness can be recognized.

The color may turn brown or yellow. Red shades are characteristic only of the chronic form of the disease. A brick shade is observed with prostatitis, which does not develop under the influence of harmful bacteria.

Additionally, you may notice a pungent or sweet odor. The reaction is on the sour side. At the same time, the number of red blood cells increases sharply. In the chronic form it can reach 35.

The number of amyloid bodies increases significantly.

Source: https://prostatu.guru/diagnostika/analiz-sekreta-prostaty-kakoj-dolzhna-byt-norma-pokazatelej.html

Microscopic examination of prostate secretion and its indicators (norms)

Microscopy of prostate secretion is a fundamental instrumental examination that allows us to identify the presence of pathology in the organs of the genitourinary system in an adult man.

To perform it, you need to collect prostate juice, after which it is examined under a microscope for the presence of bacteria and other indicators. The procedure is indicated for symptoms of prostatitis and suspected infertility.

The results obtained are compared with normal values, which makes it possible to determine the presence of pathologies and prescribe additional studies.

Objectives of the study

Microscopic examination of prostate secretion is a procedure aimed at studying the cellular structure of prostate juice, its composition, the presence of pathogenic microorganisms and foreign particles.

All this makes it possible to identify the presence of inflammation and determine its nature - infectious or non-bacteriological (stagnant).

In case of infectious inflammation, microscopy of prostate secretion will show the presence of one or more possible pathogens:

1. Staphylococcus.
2. Enterococcus.
3. Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
4. Klebsiella.
5. Escherichia coli (Escherichia).
6. Gonococci.
7. Trichomonas.
8. Fungal mycelium.

Microscopy of prostate juice also examines physical parameters and other indicators that make it possible to determine pathology or prescribe additional examinations, including:

1. The amount of fluid released when collecting material.
2. Color, smell, density and acidity of the secretion.
3. Presence of mucus impurities.
4. Presence of epithelial cells.
5. Presence of leukocytes.
6. Presence of red blood cells.
7. Presence of macrophages and giant cells.
8. Density of lecithin grains.
9. Amyloid bodies.
10. Crystallization pattern (Bötcher crystals).

Indications

A microscopic examination of prostate secretion is prescribed if you complain of the following symptoms:

• painful sensations when urinating, too frequent urge to urinate, small amount of urine, feeling of incomplete emptying;
• pain in the groin and perineum;
• discharge from the head of the penis;
• sexual dysfunctions, decreased potency, discomfort during ejaculation;
• suspicion of infertility.

Contraindications

There are some limitations to the procedure for collecting material for analysis:

• with damage to the anus;
• high body temperature;
• acute inflammatory processes;
• presence of hemorrhoids;
• prostate tuberculosis.

Under these conditions, only sperm culture is carried out and instrumental examination methods are prescribed.

Preparation process and material collection

Before taking material for analysis, you must adhere to some requirements:

• stop eating 10 hours before the procedure;
• 3 days before submitting the material for analysis, you must abstain from sexual intercourse;
• do not drink alcohol for 2-3 days;
• Avoid visiting saunas, baths, and hypothermia.

An enema will be given before taking the material. It is also necessary to empty your bladder. To begin collecting material, the subject should take one of the positions in which access to the rectum will be as comfortable as possible.

Using palpation, the doctor stimulates the prostate through the rectum, after which prostate secretions are collected on a glass slide and sent to the laboratory.

To get more accurate results, you will then need to take a urine and urethral discharge test.

Decoding the results

Decoding the analysis of prostate secretion does not serve as an accurate indicator of a particular disease, but judging by the deviations in indicators, the presence of pathology and subsequent examinations can be determined.

In addition, microscopy of the secretion is performed again after some time. This makes it possible to compare the results and understand how the disease progresses.

Interpretation of the examination results occurs when compared with normal indicators:

Parameter	Normal indicator	Possible violations
Secret volume	From 0.5 to 2 ml	A small volume indicates prostatitis, and an increased volume indicates congestion.
Color	Transparent with a white tint (but not completely white)	A deep white or yellow color indicates inflammation. Red color indicates blood impurities.
Smell	The characteristic smell of sperm	Differences in smell will indicate a change in the composition of the secretion.
Density, g cubic. cm	1,022	Any other value indicates pathology
pH of the environment	7,0 +- 0,3	A more alkaline reaction (from 7.3) allows for the presence of chronic inflammation, a more acidic reaction (below 6.7) for prostatitis
Red blood cells	Absence or insignificant amount	Present in cancer, acute or chronic inflammation
Epithelial cells	No more than 2 in sight	Flat epithelium lines the ducts of the gland, but if its quantity increases, one can conclude that the organ is inflamed. If leukocytes also exceed the norm, this indicates the presence of a malignant formation.
Leukocytes	From 0 to 10 in the field of view at 280x magnification, 0-5 at 400x magnification	An increased amount indicates the presence of inflammation
Macrophages	Absence or quantity no more than 3	Higher scores indicate inflammation
Giant cells	Absence	The presence indicates congestion or chronic prostatitis
Amyloid bodies	Absence	Amyloid bodies in the prostate secretion increase with stagnation of blood, seminal fluid, adenoma or hypertrophy of the gland
Lecithin grains	10 million per 1 ml	A smaller number indicates prostatitis
Crystallization pattern	Persists (fern syndrome)	Violation or absence indicates pathology
Fungi	Absence	Presence may be a sign of prostatitis
Bacteria	Microflora is absent or present in small quantities	Detection of staphylococci, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas or Escherichia coli indicates a bacterial infection in the prostate

Source: https://prostatity-net.ru/prostata/diagnostika/mikroskopiya-sekreta-prostaty.html