The genitourinary system is an integral part of the human body, without which human survival becomes impossible in principle. If a person experiences any negative changes in the genitourinary system, he rushes to see a doctor, and rightly so. After all, delay in this case can pose a very real threat to both life and health.
Patients often wonder who a urologist is and what symptoms might be a reason to visit him.
How to prepare for going to the doctor, and what will happen at the appointment?
What kind of doctor is this
Many people have heard of such a profession as urology. But not everyone correctly understands what specific diseases these doctors treat.
A urologist is a doctor whose tasks include timely detection, therapy, and prevention of any diseases affecting the genitourinary system.
For some reason, there is a widespread belief in the world that urology is a profession intended exclusively for treating men. This is actually a misconception.
A urologist, of course, specializes in treating sexual problems in the stronger sex.
However, it can also help women who have problems with the urinary system. However, for the treatment of the female reproductive system there is still a separate doctor - a gynecologist.
Patients often forget that the urologist treats the kidneys and adrenal glands. Moreover, if the former relate to the urinary system, the latter are more related to the endocrine system. However, in case of their pathologies, it is still possible, and even necessary, to contact a doctor specializing in the reproductive and urinary systems.
Interestingly, doctors of this specialty first appeared a long time ago, back in the fifth century BC. Back then they specialized mainly in removing stones from the bladder. Now, of course, their specialization has become broader.
The first specialized medical department in this specialty was opened in Paris. Today, urology is one of the most developed specialties. There are a huge number of drugs intended for use in this narrow area, methods of surgical interventions aimed at helping patients.
For what symptoms do you visit a urologist?
Unfortunately, not all patients know in what cases their path in the hospital should go directly to a urologist.
Such patients visit other doctors, not even suspecting that their problems can be solved by going to one single doctor.
The following symptoms are identified for which it is worth visiting a specialist who specializes in the treatment of the genitourinary system:
- there was pain accompanying the processes of urination;
- the patient began to complain of discomfort or full-blown pain localized in the kidney area;
- discomfort is detected in the perineum or lower abdomen;
- the person began to visit the toilet too often, while his drinking regime remains standard;
- the patient, on the contrary, goes to the toilet too rarely, easing the bladder only 1-2 times a day;
- urinary incontinence of any origin was detected;
- it is noted that suspicious impurities such as blood or pus have appeared in the urine;
- against the background of any of these symptoms, the general body temperature has increased;
- problems with potency emerged.
According to doctors, visiting the hospital only when symptoms appear is the wrong approach. Representatives of the stronger sex are recommended to see a urologist once a year for preventive purposes.
Especially if the patient’s age exceeds 45 years. It is also worth taking little boys to the doctor regularly.
To observe how correctly the genitourinary system is developing and, if the need arises, to correct deviations in time.
What diseases does the doctor treat?
What does a urologist treat - a common question that can be heard from patients. After all, not everyone understands which specific organs are included in the genitourinary system, and which of them the doctor treats.
His responsibilities include treating the following ailments:
- prostatitis of various origins, in which the inflammatory process is localized in the prostate gland (can be caused by various pathogenic bacteria or have an aseptic nature);
- prostate adenoma is a benign tumor that affects the prostate gland and is characterized by very unpleasant symptoms that greatly reduce a man’s quality of life;
- various infections that are sexually transmitted or develop in isolation due to their own opportunistic microflora (for example, candidiasis, trichomoniasis, chlamydia, gonorrhea, etc.);
- inflammatory diseases of the organs included in the genitourinary system (urethritis, balanitis, balanoposthitis, cystitis, etc.);
- various pathologies of the male testicles, which can have both infectious and non-infectious origin (for example, orchitis, varicocellus, epidymitis, etc.);
- urolithiasis, in which hard stones begin to form in various parts of the system, obstructing the outflow of urine;
- various kidney diseases, such as glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, etc.
The list of diseases that a urologist deals with is very extensive. This is explained by the fact that the genitourinary system is represented by several different organs. Each of which can get sick under unfavorable conditions.
Related specialties
If you need a urologist, you don’t know much about what this specialist treats in men, it’s also better to be aware of what related specialties the doctor may have. Since the genitourinary system has a close relationship with many other parts of the human body, many doctors have related specializations.
For example:
- andrologist is a medical professional specializing exclusively in a variety of diseases of the prostate gland, which can cause a man a lot of inconvenience and sometimes even threaten his life;
- a gynecologist - a doctor specializing in the female reproductive system, is often forced to also know about the urinary organs, since in the female body all these elements are located in close proximity to each other;
- a gerontologist is a doctor whose task is to work with elderly patients; he must take into account all possible deviations that can develop in the human body under the influence of age-related factors;
- pediatrician - since children are not immune from diseases of the genitourinary system, the pediatrician must be familiar with urology, and sometimes the urologist has a narrower focus, specializing exclusively in working with young children;
- oncologist - a doctor specializing in oncological diseases who can deal exclusively with tumors of the genitourinary system, etc.
There are a large number of related specialties.
How to prepare for your appointment
Many people are interested in the question of how to prepare for a visit to such a delicate doctor. It is not surprising that a patient experiences stress at the prospect of visiting a doctor. However, it is better to deal with this stress before the appointment begins.
To calm down anxiety, patients should remember that the doctor has one single goal: to cure the patient who turns to him. There is no need to be ashamed of your illness or afraid of the doctor, because his goal is not to cause harm, but to bring benefit.
To ensure maximum benefit from your appointment, it is recommended:
- come to the office 15 minutes before the appointed time in order to have time to rest after the trip and calm down;
- give preference to comfortable and not tight clothing that can be easily removed if the doctor needs to examine the genitals;
- give up sex for two or three days, because of which, during the examination, you can get completely different data from what is expected;
- Women should not douche their genitals before visiting a healthcare professional.
Following these simple rules will make the reception as beneficial as possible.
How does an appointment with a doctor work?
The question of how an appointment with a doctor comes and what the doctor does during it worries many patients.
To cope with anxiety, especially if the patient is visiting a urologist for the first time, it is recommended to familiarize yourself with the progress of the appointment. This will help make sure that there is nothing wrong with visiting the doctor's office. Regardless of the patient's gender, the doctor begins with a detailed interview and medical history.
The doctor may be interested in the characteristics of urination, sexual life, the presence of certain complaints specific to his profile. The patient is encouraged to give as complete answers as possible. Feeling embarrassed about this is completely inappropriate. Once the interview and history is completed, the patient will be examined.
Women will have to undergo the procedure in a gynecological chair. There is no need to be afraid of it, since it is no different from a standard gynecological examination.
Men are examined without a chair. You must be prepared for the fact that you will have to take off your clothes and underwear so that the doctor can assess the condition of the genitals.
In general, it is believed that an examination by a urologist should not proceed without a digital rectal examination of the prostate. However, today not all patients undergo this procedure.
What tests may be recommended for taking?
In most cases, a history and examination by a urologist alone will not be enough to give the patient a specific diagnosis. This is due to the fact that many diseases have similar symptoms.
It is almost impossible to separate them from each other, focusing solely on complaints. In this case, tests come to the doctor’s aid.
The choice of research option in each specific case greatly depends on what disease the doctor suspects in his patient.
So, for example, they can be recommended;
- general examination of urine and blood to understand the processes occurring in the body;
- culture or smear to assess infection profile;
- PCR to identify specific microorganisms that may be responsible for the appearance of certain symptoms;
- various serological reactions in order to accurately diagnose the patient, etc.
Additionally, the patient is required to undergo instrumental examinations, such as ultrasound, radiography and others. In each specific case, the urologist determines recommendations for tests and studies on an individual basis.
A urologist is a doctor whose help anyone may need throughout their life. Being shy about visiting this doctor is not only stupid, but also dangerous to your health.
If any suspicious symptoms appear, you should contact experienced specialists!
Source: http://venerologiya.moscow/content/urolog-chto-lechit
Who is a urologist (andrologist, gynecologist, venereologist, nephrologist, proctologist, surgeon, therapist): what and how he treats men, women, children
A urologist specializes in the treatment of diseases of the genitourinary system. If there is pain and burning when emptying the bladder, frequent urge to urinate, blood in the urine, colic in the lower back and urinary incontinence, you should consult a specialist in the field of urology.
A urologist specializes in the treatment of diseases of the genitourinary system.
Who is a urologist and what types of specializations does he have?
Urology deals with the study, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of pathologies of the kidneys, bladder and reproductive system.
Urological specialties are further subdivided into narrower groups.
Andrologist
The doctor specializes in the treatment of diseases affecting the male genitourinary system. The competence of this specialist includes problems associated with male infertility, issues of male contraception, and decreased sexual activity, particularly in old age.
An andrologist specializes in the treatment of diseases affecting the male genitourinary system.
Gynecologist
A doctor treats diseases that occur in a woman’s reproductive system. In gynecology there are general practitioners. Obstetricians advise a woman during pregnancy and provide assistance during childbirth. Endocrinologists are involved in identifying and treating hormonal disorders in the female body.
Nephrologist
A doctor who diagnoses and treats kidney pathologies. The specialist’s work is closely related to urology, but at the same time, nephrologists treat kidney diseases that arise as a result of disturbances in the functioning of other organs.
Surgeon
If the disease requires surgical intervention, this specialist will be involved in the treatment. His responsibilities include ordering tests and determining indications for surgery.
If the disease requires surgery, the surgeon will handle the treatment.
The doctor prepares the patient for surgery and performs the operation, and also provides postoperative care to the patient.
Proctologist
The competence of a proctologist includes the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases of the large intestine, anus and perianal area.
Venereologist
The doctor treats infectious diseases that are sexually transmitted. Detects, diagnoses and eliminates bacterial infections (syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia), AIDS, genital herpes, hepatitis B, thrush, skin diseases caused by parasites.
Therapist
The specialist evaluates the test results,, if necessary, refers the patient to a urologist, and prescribes medications to the patient to reduce discomfort, spasms, and swelling. At the same time, the specialist selects a diet and physical therapy for the patient.
The therapist evaluates the test results and prescribes treatment.
What does a urologist treat?
The urologist's competence includes inflammation of the genitourinary system, in particular cystitis and urethritis. The doctor treats urolithiasis, injuries and tumors that occur in the bladder and urinary tract.
Consultation with a urologist is necessary for people with urological diseases and defects of the genital organs, pathologies of the kidneys and adrenal glands, and men with problems with the prostate gland. Urology also deals with the study and treatment of infertility.
In men
The most common male diseases treated by a urologist are prostatitis, urolithiasis and kidney inflammation. The doctor deals with the treatment and prevention of prostatitis, in which the patient is advised to massage the prostate.
Along with this, its competence includes infections that occur in the bladder and are sexually transmitted. These include prostate adenoma, vesiculitis (inflammation of the seminal vesicles), orchitis (inflammation of the testicle), epididymitis (inflammation of the epididymis), infertility, testicular tumor (malignant and benign).
Among women
Women turn to a urologist with pathologies that are sexually transmitted, caused by E. coli, chlamydia and other bacteria; with viral infections and urolithiasis. Specialist help is also needed for those experiencing problems with the genitourinary system during pregnancy.
- Cystitis in women and other infections of the genitourinary system, which include: urethritis, pyelonephritis (kidney disease), are also treated by a female urologist.
In children
A pediatric urologist treats cystitis in boys and girls, which occurs due to the active proliferation of bacteria or as a result of inflammation.
Another disease in children and adolescents is phimosis. The pathology occurs as a result of the fact that the foreskin of the glans penis is too narrow and does not open completely. Pediatric urology deals with diseases such as balanitis, balanoposthitis, cryptorchidism, etc.
What does a urologist check?
When visiting a urologist, the doctor first conducts a conversation with the patient, clarifies the features of lifestyle, points that bother the patient, learns about chronic and previously suffered venereal and urological pathologies.
The doctor then examines the patient's external genitalia. To clarify the diagnosis, the patient is examined; it may be necessary to take blood and urine tests, test for the presence of sexually transmitted infections, ultrasound, and tests for tumor markers to identify diseases in the field of oncology.
Examination for men
When conducting diagnostics, a male urologist pays attention to the condition of the penis, scrotum, assesses the condition of the lymph nodes in the groin area, prostate gland, and prostate.
Men aged 40 years and older should visit a urologist at least once a year as a preventative measure.
Examination in women
Women are examined in a gynecological chair. The specialist will visually check the skin of the groin area, perform palpation, and assess the condition of the mucous membrane of the vagina, bladder, kidneys, and ureters.
How to prepare for your appointment
Both men and women are advised to abstain from sexual intercourse before going to the doctor. Ejaculation should be excluded 2 days before visiting the urologist. This will allow the doctor to get the necessary tests at the first appointment.
Before visiting a urologist, the patient should take a shower and put on clean underwear.
Preparing for your appointment involves having a bowel movement, as a specialist from the urology department will perform a rectal examination of the prostate. If the patient has difficulty defecating (constipation), a cleansing enema can be done.
Before taking (about 2 hours before) you should not empty your bladder. For a more informative examination of the genital organs, it must remain complete. Before visiting a urologist, the patient should take a shower and put on clean underwear.
Urology
This area of medicine studies pathologies of the human urinary system, their causes, symptoms, treatment methods and methods of prevention.
General urology is divided into subsections. Priority in the work of the hospital's urology department is given to emergency urology. Urological emergencies may include the following: acute pyelonephritis, renal failure, urinary retention and hematuria.
Another most common area of activity is reconstructive urology. It includes the treatment of diseases of the male reproductive system, in particular restorative reconstruction of the genital organs.
Urology studies pathologies of the human urinary system, their causes, symptoms, treatment methods and methods of prevention.
Diagnostic methods in urology
In order to identify diseases in the field of urology and make a correct diagnosis, the patient needs to undergo tests. Also, to make a diagnosis, the doctor uses instrumental research methods, endoscopy, and x-rays.
- Laboratory diagnostics in urology include general analysis of urine and blood, biochemistry.
- Instrumental research methods include puncture biopsy.
- Along with this, the patient may be prescribed an ultrasound, in particular transrectal ultrasound.
To obtain complete information about the condition of the genitourinary system, the doctor may prescribe endoscopy, urethroscopy, cystoscopy, chromocystoscopy and biothesiometry.
Traditional therapy in urology
Conservative methods of treating such diseases are based on oral administration of drugs. Pharmacotherapy includes taking antibacterial, antiseptic, hormonal, anti-inflammatory and other medications.
Another effective method is LOD therapy. Its use for urological problems is the local effect of negative pressure. LOD therapy is highly effective because it is a minimally invasive and painless procedure. Additionally, the patient may be prescribed physiotherapy.
Operative urology
Surgical urology involves performing operations in cases where treatment with other methods is ineffective. Radio wave surgery is most often used in urology.
Another high-tech operation often used in urology is laparoscopy. During its implementation, there is no wide dissection of the skin and muscle tissue.
If the patient requires extensive abdominal surgery to restore urinary patency, ureteral stenting is performed.
Surgery in adult and pediatric urology is widely developed and has everything necessary to perform operations at a high level and without complications: anesthesia, technical equipment, experienced specialists.
Diet therapy in urology
The diet for diseases in the field of urology is selected individually based on the characteristics of the pathology. The body must receive a sufficient amount of nutrients and nutrients, vitamins and microelements.
A strict diet can only worsen the course of the disease. Therefore, it is important that a specialist help the patient choose a diet. Proper dietary therapy will complement treatment and speed up recovery, reducing the risk of relapse.
Proper dietary therapy for urological diseases will complement treatment and speed up recovery, reducing the risk of relapse.
The patient should monitor the amount of drinking water consumed. It is necessary to exclude sour, pickled, fatty and spicy foods from the diet, limit the consumption of salt and dairy products. You can start taking vitamins prescribed by your urologist.
Alternative therapy in urology
Along with conservative methods of therapy, urological problems can be treated using unconventional methods, for example, hirudotherapy.
Treatment of diseases in the field of urology with the help of leeches can only be prescribed by a specialist based on the diagnosis and general health of the patient.
- Hirudotherapy is convenient because it does not require hospitalization and treatment can be carried out on an outpatient basis.
Another method of alternative treatment is laser therapy. It is used for inflammatory diseases in combination with conservative treatment, accompanied by the use of antioxidants and carried out in a hospital under the supervision of a specialist.
Source: https://DaoHotei.com/medicina/cistit/urolog
Who is a nephrologist and what is used in nephrology to treat kidneys
- Accordingly, nephrology is a field that studies and searches for methods of treating kidney diseases.
- Most diseases do not affect only the kidneys, but represent only one of the symptoms.
- Nephrology deals with the study and treatment of kidney diseases, as well as monitoring the condition of patients with organ transplants.
What diseases does a nephrologist treat?
- urolithiasis disease;
- resolution of the renal glomeruli at the immune level (glomerulonephritis);
- renal pathology, which is combined with hypertension;
- various types and forms of jades;
- inflammatory processes in organs;
- chemical damage to the kidneys due to the use of certain medications;
- problems with tissue metabolism (renal amyloidosis).
There is a certain list of diseases, with symptomatic manifestations of which many mistakenly turn to a nephrologist. Although such diseases have a direct connection with the kidneys, their treatment involves the use of surgery. The following pathologies are usually classified as such diseases:
In case of the above diseases, you need to contact a surgeon, as well as undergo an examination by a urologist, who will be able to determine a further treatment strategy for the diagnosed diseases.
Difference from a urologist
A nephrologist is a general practitioner who treats diseases affecting the kidneys. This medical specialist specializes in diseases such as glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, stones, cystic formations, as well as various forms of insufficiency.
This doctor monitors the condition of patients after they receive organ transplants. Nephrology is a highly specialized medical field.
A urologist is a surgeon who treats diseases affecting the bladder and urinary tract. This physician treats various diseases affecting the male reproductive system.
- All pathologies of the genitourinary system that cannot be cured through surgery do not fall under the competence of a urologist.
- Due to the fact that many public hospitals simply do not have a nephrologist, the responsibilities of the urologist are expanded due to the fact that he acquires the functions of treating kidney diseases.
- Diseases that can only be corrected through surgery are treated by a urologist, who will act as a surgeon.
- Urology, along with nephrology, are one of the most important medical fields that affect the vital organs and systems of the human body.
- One of the main differences between a nephrologist and a urologist is that nephrology deals with the treatment and diagnosis of diseases that can be cured using conservative methods.
- The range of diseases that fall within the competence of a urology specialist is wider.
- Urologists, unlike their nephrologist colleagues, in addition to pharmacological methods to treat patients, can also use surgical techniques that help completely or partially eliminate a person’s problems with the genital organs, urinary tract, or the function of the entire genitourinary system.
Symptoms for contacting a nephrologist
- Even in the absence of pronounced manifestations, such diseases affect not only the genitourinary system, but can also have a serious negative impact on the cardiovascular system.
- To immediately contact a nephrologist, there is a specific list of symptoms that indicate the presence of health problems that only a nephrologist can solve.
- These symptoms include the following:
- loss of ability to urinate freely;
- uncontrolled urination due to spontaneous contraction of the bladder muscles;
- pathological increase in urine volume;
- chronic aching pain in the lumbar region;
- blood in urine;
- darkening of urine due to the appearance in it of an increased concentration of protein breakdown products.
A nephrologist deals with the correction of chronic pathologies in patients. Such diseases include the following pathologies:
- constant colic;
- chronic dysfunction;
- urinary tract infections;
- syndromic acute inflammation.
If you have high blood pressure, you may also need to consult a nephrologist, as this may be one of the symptoms of kidney disease.
Before visiting a nephrologist, it is important to prepare for the appointment, which consists of several important steps, namely:
- it is necessary to avoid eating any food 12 hours before visiting the doctor;
- you need to stop smoking and drinking alcohol 12 hours before visiting the doctor;
- before taking, you should avoid excessive consumption of water and any other drinks;
- If possible, it is recommended to avoid taking any medications (if this is not possible, then you need to warn your doctor about the fact of using a specific drug during use).
Diagnostic methods
The doctor also tries to find out the degree of predisposition of the patient to certain diseases of the kidneys and urinary system.
As for tests, nephrologists are required to prescribe the following tests and analyzes to their patients:
- Passing tests that will help accurately determine the level of concentration in the urine of urea, calcium, creatinine, as well as phosphate and electrolytes.
- Carrying out a biochemical analysis of the patient's blood and urine to determine the rate of erythrocyte sedimentation.
- Tests that are designed to study C-reactive protein , which, together with all tests, will show the whole picture of the disease.
Based on the information obtained from the results of these tests, the nephrologist can decide to prescribe instrumental types of diagnostics for the patient, such as:
- Angiography . This method involves the use of an X-ray type of examination of the area where the kidneys are located.
- Ultrasound for in-depth examination of the abdominal cavity.
- Computed tomography scan of the kidneys and surrounding abdominal area.
- MRI of the kidneys to study the internal structure of organs;
- Radionuclide examination of the kidneys;
- biopsy for subsequent examination of organ tissue.
After all the tests and diagnostic measures have been carried out, the doctor begins to choose treatment.
Treatment methods
- Specific . This method is used in the treatment of diseases such as glomerulonephritis, kidney infections, and diabetic nephropathy.
- Nephroprotective . This method is universal in the treatment of most nephrology diseases. It is required for kidney disease. It includes drug therapy, proper nutrition, and lifestyle changes to preserve all kidney functions or stop the development of pathology.
In nephrology, both methods are often used.
Kidney disease is often directly related to high blood pressure and diabetes.
For this reason, treatment in nephrology often involves maintaining a certain level of blood sugar and monitoring blood pressure. This approach slows and stops the progression of kidney disease.
- Kidney treatment should also be accompanied by weight loss, improving your diet, and taking prescribed medications.
- In more serious cases of kidney failure, dialysis or transplantation is used.
Results
Nephrology is one of the fundamental areas in modern medicine. Thanks to it, it is possible to diagnose and subsequently treat diseases that affect such an important organ.
Kidney pathologies can negatively affect other systems and organs of the human body.
Mainly kidney problems affect the cardiovascular system, which leads to the development of serious diseases and manifestations. For this reason, it is extremely important to contact a nephrologist at the first symptomatic manifestations of problems with this organ, which will help avoid the development of more dangerous diseases.
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Source: https://UroHelp.guru/pochki/obshee/nefrolog-i-nefrologiya.html
Urology | Children's City Clinic No. 32
Children's doctor at the clinic - Urologist-andrologist
What does a pediatric urologist treat, what diseases can be detected in children?
This doctor treats and diagnoses diseases of the urinary tract, kidneys, and reproductive system in children.
Pediatric urologists have a narrow focus: urogynecologist (diseases of the genitourinary organs in girls), urologist-andrologist (diseases of the genitourinary organs in boys) and so on.
Any pediatric urologist-andrologist uses instrumental methods for examination, diagnosis, and treatment of children with genitourinary diseases.
At clinic No. 32 in Moscow, pediatric urologists diagnose and treat newborns, preschool children, and school-age children.
We help solve problems such as: diseases and abnormalities of the genital organs, abnormalities of the urethra and bladder, inflammatory diseases of the urinary system, congenital diseases of the urinary system, bladder dysfunction (urinary incontinence in a child - enuresis), inflammatory diseases, metabolic nephropathy, inguinal hernia in children, phimosis, varicocele and others.
- Qualified urologists have extensive experience in treating a huge range of urological diseases.
- Pediatric urologist
- At the moment, the children's clinic urologist offers a consultation if your child has such ailments as:
- bed-wetting;
- undescended testicle;
- hydrocele;
- phimosis (cannot expose the head of the penis);
- there is soreness, swelling or redness of the scrotum or penis.
During mumps (mumps), in boys, complications in the testicles and even infertility are possible. Our urologist-andrologist recommends regular check-ups, especially after this disease. By making an appointment with our specialists, you will solve your health problems in the shortest possible time.
Children often get sick and all parents know this. And this is due to the immaturity of the immune system, which is unable to independently resist sufficiently harmful external influences.
And a third of the pathologies that children suffer relate to the genitourinary area, and children can have the same diseases as adults, with a few exceptions.
A pediatric urologist , who is available in every public and private medical institution, examines and treats the child’s genitourinary system
Indications for visiting a doctor
Parents should closely monitor the baby’s health, so if the child begins to complain of discomfort associated with urine output, or if the organs of his genitourinary system have changed in any way (redness, swelling, etc.) - this should be a reason to contact pediatric urologist.
In addition, it is necessary to visit a urologist for preventive purposes - at least once a year. This will detect any abnormalities or disorders at the initial stage and prevent the occurrence of various serious genitourinary diseases in boys or girls.
Features of pediatric urology
Children are small adults, so they have anatomical differences, which the doctor must take into account when prescribing examination and treatment of genitourinary diseases. A good doctor knows that the processes occurring in a small organism are different from those inherent in adults, and taking this into account, he must treat childhood diseases.
It is very difficult to get a complete clinical picture from young patients, because children speak very vaguely about their symptoms, so the pediatric urologist, to some extent, must be a teacher who knows how to approach children. And he must be extremely careful not to miss a single detail of the clinical picture, which will allow him to suggest a probable diagnosis and subsequently confirm it.
One of the main areas of pediatric urology is surgical, associated with the elimination of congenital malformations of the genitourinary system.
Operations to correct congenital anomalies are carried out exclusively in childhood, and if the disorder is not detected in a timely manner and the young patient is not operated on, he may simply not live to adulthood.
That is, a pediatric urologist has a great responsibility, so it is important that he is sufficiently experienced and qualified in order to make a timely diagnosis for a child who comes to see him.
Pediatric urologist-andrologist – specialist in identifying pathologies of the reproductive system
The health of a child’s body must be maintained from birth. Most parents go to doctors only when there are obvious signs of colds or infectious diseases. Few people know that boys need regular visits to specialists who will help identify problems with reproductive functions in the early stages.
Today, medical specialists are studying many aspects of the reproductive system. It is not only the anatomical system of the body that is subject to research.
Much attention is paid to hormonal and psychological factors. In the last decade, the interdisciplinary field of medicine – andrology – has become very popular.
An examination of young male patients is carried out by a pediatric urologist andrologist .
Unfortunately, many diseases lead to infertility. Proper treatment started on time guarantees that the client of the medical center will have full-fledged children in the future.
An experienced andrologist always approaches the examination procedure globally. He pays attention to all vital indicators: vision, hearing, activity, psychological state.
The main task of doctors working with young audiences is to identify deficiencies in the development of the reproductive system.
A visit to this doctor is mandatory for children who have an enlarged scrotum or deformation of the penis. A pediatric andrologist sees patients with suspected hernial formations or severe phimosis. In childhood, it is much easier to treat and eliminate pathologies of the reproductive system.
If medical procedures are not started in time, the disease will worsen in direct proportion to the growth and development of the child. Lost years can lead to irreparable consequences.
Urologist andrologist appointments are carried out both in private clinics and in public medical institutions. Conservative methods and even surgery are used in treatment.
The cost of the service depends on the form and degree of the disease, as well as the age of the child.
To prevent a visit to the doctor from causing the development of psychological complexes, the baby must be prepared for it in advance. To do this, you need to talk in general terms about the doctor’s actions and the reasons for such an examination. Qualified medical care will be able in the future to determine the duration of sexual activity, as well as the quality of sexual life.
Appointment with a urologist: what is treated and how is it examined by a qualified doctor?
Pain and burning during urination, colic in the lumbar region, bloody urine, periodic incontinence - all these negative symptoms should alert a person and prompt him to visit a specialist. Urology studies different areas of medicine related to the ureters, kidneys and urethra. It can be women's, men's and children's. Not all future patients know what a urologist treats , and what professionals from related fields do.
What is the competence of a urologist?
This doctor should not be confused with an andrologist. The latter deals exclusively with the treatment of male sexual diseases. And in urology there is a division based on gender and age.
A female specialist diagnoses and treats inflammatory processes in the area of the external and internal genital organs, as well as the kidneys and bladder, urolithiasis and sexually transmitted diseases.
The specialist prescribes medications and procedures if the normal functioning of the urethra is disrupted. If the child’s bad symptoms are directly related to problems of the genitourinary system, parents should show him to a urologist.
Injury to the genital organs and urinary incontinence are serious ailments and pathologies that manifest themselves in boys and girls. If diagnosis is not promptly carried out by a medical specialist, the situation will worsen in older age. Adults should consult a urologist if symptoms such as:
- pain in the lower abdomen;
- delayed urination, painful sensations during the process;
- prolonged feeling of bladder fullness;
- change in urine characteristics (appearance of blood, mucous discharge, unnatural color).
These symptoms are usually combined with increased body temperature, severe thirst and loss of appetite, general weakness and constant ailments.
Appointment with a urologist: what to expect from the examination?
The first appointment with a professional of the specified specialization begins with collecting an anamnesis. The doctor finds out what the symptoms of the disease are and the person’s general well-being. Then the groin area and genitals are examined.
There is a special gynecological chair for women in the office, which is used during the process. If you do not know how a urologist examines you , you should not be afraid of this process.
It is necessary to overcome shyness so that the specialist can give a full assessment of the condition of the genitourinary system and identify the inflammatory process of the vaginal mucosa.
If you need to take your child to the doctor, the examination will be carried out in the presence of the parents. True, some people prefer to have their children examined by a surgeon right away. Prejudice causes late detection of dangerous pathologies.
The Children's Municipal Clinic of Moscow has on its staff professional specialists in the field of urology who receive young patients. The question of how to choose a urologist often worries modern women.
To do this, you need to find out the specialist’s experience, whether he has an academic degree, and read reviews about him in a particular clinic. It is desirable that a urologist has practiced for at least ten to fifteen years, has had successful cases of treatment and is considered a good diagnostician.
A serious approach to choosing a specialist can guarantee the appointment of correct and qualified treatment. It is allowed to use special web resources with real patient reviews of doctors specializing in urology.
How to prepare a child for a visit to the urologist?
Many experts are of the opinion that most urological problems arise in the stronger half of humanity due to the fact that they were not taught to visit a specialist. That is why it is worth visiting a urologist regularly, this will allow you to be confident in the child’s health, the absence of problems, and will also teach the boy to visit a doctor. In some cases, no special preparation is required, but in others it is worth preparing for the inspection in advance. If you are concerned about the question of how to prepare a boy for an examination, then you should pay attention to the age of the child.
Children under 3 years old
If you have scheduled a visit to a specialist, and your boy is not yet 3 years old, then no preparation is required.
Experts who work in the field of urology are of the opinion that it is necessary to be observed by a urologist from birth.
No preparation is required at this age due to the fact that the baby does not need to carefully observe the rules of hygiene.
Kids over 3
Children who have reached this age must realize that they are not going to an ordinary pediatrician, but to a special specialist. Therefore, in this case, you need to first tell the child what the doctor will do and why it is necessary. The main thing is to clearly convey to your son that it is important to monitor your health.
Try to explain that all boys and men should visit this doctor. The optimal solution would be if dad takes over the explanation and tells him that he also goes to this specialist. It is believed that it is enough to visit a urologist at least once a year.
At the same time, you need to go to such a doctor not because something is sick, but in order to rule out the disease.
Child at school - we explain in detail
If the boy is already going to school, then you can tell him more about the specialist. Tell us why boys should visit a urologist and that it is important to monitor the condition of the genital organs.
After all, the full development of the body and the opportunity to become a father in the future will depend on this. At this age, boys are quite open with their parents.
If something bothers them, they will definitely talk about their problems.
Advice for parents of teenagers
If you are planning to take your teenage son to an appointment, then you should prepare for it in advance. This applies especially to those cases if the son has not previously visited a specialist. The problem is that teenagers often keep silent about their intimate problems.
Even if something bothers a child, he can endure it until the last moment, just so as not to go to the doctor. But it is at this age that children can already realize how important men's health is. Therefore, the most important task of parents will be to convey information to their child.
You need to be prepared for the negative reaction that you may encounter in a conversation with your son.
If the examination is preventive, try to convince the young man that an examination by such a specialist is never superfluous. Let him know that you are sure that he is healthy, and visiting the doctor is just a preventative measure. It is also necessary to convey to the boy that he may not tell his parents about some things, but a specialist can tell him about everything frankly.
You should not insist that you be present at the examination. This is desirable, but if the child refuses, then it is better not to contradict him.
The best solution in this case would be to talk with a specialist after the appointment. In preparation for the appointment, the young man will need to take a shower and change his underwear.
These are standard procedures that every man should follow before visiting a doctor.
Also, do not forget to tell your son that the doctor will ask questions about possible pain, the color of urine and other common symptoms of diseases.
The presence of parents at the first appointment is desirable, since the doctor will need to write down information about the boy.
Among other things, questions may arise about how the pregnancy, childbirth proceeded, the development of the child, and the presence of diseases. After a standard interview, you can leave the boy with the doctor.
Source: https://32dgp.ru/urologiya.html
Urological diseases
Urology as a field of medical science deals with the study of the human urinary and related reproductive system, the physiological and pathological processes occurring in them, the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases of the genitourinary organs (urethra, bladder, ureters, kidneys, male genital organs). The sphere of interests of urology as a science intersects with other areas of clinical medicine: gynecology, andrology, venereology, nephrology, surgery. A urologist deals with the treatment and prevention of pathologies of the genitourinary system of men and women.
Urological diseases of men, women, children and the elderly have their own characteristics of development and course, which is explained by the anatomical, physiological and age-related characteristics of their organisms.
Among the pathologies of the male genitourinary system, inflammatory processes (orchitis and epididymitis, urethritis, balanoposthitis, prostatitis, cystitis), prostate adenoma, and genital infections are more common.
Female urological diseases are urethritis, cystitis, sexually transmitted infections and their consequences. Both men and women experience urolithiasis, pyelonephritis, tumors of the genitourinary organs, and chronic renal failure.
In childhood, congenital anomalies of the genitourinary system, cystitis and enuresis are more common. In older people, among urological problems, urinary incontinence and tumor formations come to the fore.
The most common manifestations of diseases of the genitourinary system are urinary disorders (frequency or retention), pain in the lumbar region, in the genital area, burning and itching of the genitals, pathological discharge from the urethra, sexual dysfunction, changes in the amount or color of urine, swelling.
Diseases of the genitourinary system are by no means harmless. Their consequences lead to the development of chronic foci of infection, impotence, infertility, the need for a donor kidney transplant, and even death. For a man, a urologist is as important a doctor as a gynecologist is for a woman. Therefore, regardless of complaints, visits to the urologist should be regular, at least 1-2 times a year.
Modern diagnostic capabilities of urology are very great. Laboratory methods for studying urine and urethral discharge, ultrasound and x-ray diagnostics, endoscopic (urethroscopy and cystoscopy), instrumental (puncture biopsy, catheterization, bougienage), measuring diagnostic methods (cystometry, urofluometry), etc. are used.
Treatment of urogenital pathology has its own specific features. Since many urological diseases are sexually transmitted, both sexual partners need to undergo appropriate treatment.
Diseases of the genitourinary system are an intimate sphere of human life, therefore the doctor is required to show maximum delicacy and psychological support for patients when treating them.
Urological diseases affect the sexual function of men and women, so adequate and timely treatment allows them to maintain sexual health and family well-being.
Surgical treatment of urological problems can be aimed not only at normalizing the functioning of the genitourinary system, but also at aesthetic correction, which allows patients to get rid of many psychological complexes.
In the “Urological Diseases” section of the Medical Directory of Diseases on the “Beauty and Medicine” website you will find a description of the most common diseases of the genitourinary system, which will allow you to promptly seek qualified medical help.
Further…
Source: https://www.KrasotaiMedicina.ru/diseases/zabolevanija_urology
Urologist or nephrologist?
Very often you hear the question: “What is the difference between a urologist and a nephrologist? And which specialist should you go to if you suspect problems with the kidneys or genitourinary system?
Of course, your pediatrician can refer you to one or another specialist. But it is not always possible to get to a pediatrician; there are cases when urgent treatment is necessary to deal with a problem that has arisen. So, who should I go to? And how are they different? Let's try to figure it out together and find out what the main functions of a nephrologist and urologist are and how they differ from each other.
WHAT DO A UROLOGIST AND A NEPHROLOGIST DO?
A NEPHROLOGIST is a THERAPIST who specializes in kidney problems. His competence includes the treatment of diseases such as glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, urolithiasis, polycystic kidney disease, and renal failure. It is this specialist who monitors patients after a kidney transplant. Nephrology is a highly specialized field of medicine.
A UROLOGIST is a SURGEON who treats diseases of the urinary tract and bladder, as well as “male” diseases. Ideally, genitourinary diseases that cannot be treated surgically are not within the competence of a urologist. All kidney surgeries are performed by a urologist.
It is generally accepted that nephrology is a narrow therapeutic specialty, while urology includes a much more capacious concept, which includes the science of diseases of the genitourinary system in women and men, the science of tuberculous damage to the kidneys and urinary system, the science of tumors genitourinary organs.
From this we can conclude that a nephrologist is a clinical specialty that is responsible for the diagnosis and treatment of pathological conditions of the urinary organs.
Unlike a urologist, this specialist studies and treats primarily those diseases of the genitourinary system that require exclusively conservative treatment. The range of medical activities of a urologist is quite wide.
Unlike a nephrologist, he uses both drug therapy and surgical treatment methods, for example, urethrocystoscopy, urethroscopy, orchiectomy, etc.
SO, the difference between a nephrologist and a urologist is as follows: 1. A nephrologist is a general practitioner who deals with conservative treatment of the kidneys. A urologist is a doctor who specializes in surgery and treats the entire genitourinary area. 2. A nephrologist is a narrow specialization, a urologist is a broader one.
3. The nephrologist uses only drug therapy, the urologist successfully combines drug and surgical treatment methods.
Source: https://zdorovye-detey.ru/news/news_3.html
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