What is a surgeon’s competence and what operations does the doctor perform?

Who is a surgeon

Surgical treatment methods involve several stages. At the first stage, the doctor needs to provide access to the pathological location by surgically disrupting the integrity of the tissue. At the second stage, the surgeon performs surgical treatment of the pathological area of ​​the organ or system, and at the third stage, the doctor restores the integrity of the tissues damaged during the intervention.

Today, preference is given to minimally invasive treatment techniques to minimize tissue damage and at the same time achieve optimal results.

Surgeon's specialization

As we have already mentioned, modern surgery has many areas, in each of which specialized surgeons operate:

• Angiosurgery (vascular surgery). Studies and eliminates various pathologies of the circulatory system of the human body;
• Abdominal surgery is a field whose area of ​​interest includes surgical intervention for diseases of the abdominal organs;
• Neurosurgery. Specializes in diseases of the nervous system;
• Urology is a surgical branch whose area of ​​interest includes the treatment of pathological processes/conditions of the human genitourinary structure;
• Andrology is a branch of urology that studies and treats diseases of the reproductive system of the male body;
• Gynecology is a branch of surgery whose area of ​​interest includes the treatment of diseases of the reproductive system of the female body;
• Thoracic surgery. Specializes in the treatment of diseases of the organs and their systems of the chest;
• Plastic surgery. Deals with issues of restoring the functioning and forms of any organs, changing the parameters and structure of the human body;
• Endocrine surgery. The area of ​​interest of this section includes surgical treatment for diseases of the internal secretion system;
• Cardiac surgery. Deals with issues of surgical treatment of diseases of the heart and its system;
• Maxillofacial Surgery. Specializes in eliminating pathologies of the maxillofacial area that arise as a result of injury or due to heredity;
• Ophthalmosurgery. Specializes in the treatment of diseases of the visual organs and correction;
• Oncosurgery. Deals with issues of surgical intervention for oncological diseases;
• Purulent surgery. The area of ​​interest of this section includes the study and performance of operations for purulent infectious pathologies;
• Coloproctology is a branch of medicine that studies and eliminates diseases of the large intestine and anus;

The list doesn't end there. What does a surgeon do in the course of his professional activity? Let's look at this issue further.

What does a surgeon do and what does he do?

Surgical doctors carry out professional activities in various medical institutions, both specialized and general, municipal and private. They can work directly in surgical departments and conduct outpatient visits. The surgeon's responsibilities include:

• Conducting consulting activities with patients;
• Providing consulting assistance to medical personnel in matters related to their direct activities;
• Drawing up a diagnostic plan taking into account the rationality of using certain diagnostic methods to obtain a complete diagnostic picture in the shortest possible time;
• Evaluation of laboratory and hardware test results, interpretation;
• Establishing a diagnosis;
• Assessing the presence of contraindications to surgery;
• Choosing a method of surgical intervention;
• Drawing up an individual treatment plan, adjusting it if necessary;
• Carrying out surgery;
• Daily examination of the patient, monitoring his health in the postoperative period;
• Drawing up and carrying out a set of rehabilitation measures for the speedy recovery of the patient after surgery;

The appointment with the surgeon proceeds according to the following scheme:

• Initially, the doctor conducts a conversation with the patient, during which he asks questions regarding health. Anamnesis (information of diagnostic importance) is collected;
• Next, the doctor conducts an external examination and palpation. What does the surgeon look for? During the examination, the doctor assesses the condition of internal organs and tissues, examines the affected locations and identifies the presence of pathology of internal organs and tissues;
• Tapping (percussion) and listening to internal organs. What does the surgeon check? The doctor assesses the position of the internal organs, assesses their functioning, size and other indicators;

It really all depends on the situation. For example, if there is a fracture, the doctor, of course, will not assess the functioning of the internal organs, but will provide medical assistance, having first sent the patient for an ultrasound or x-ray.

Diagnostic methods used in surgery

Often, to confirm the diagnosis and exclude contraindications to surgery, the doctor requires the results of various laboratory tests and instrumental diagnostic methods. The list of diagnostic procedures directly depends on the situation. Below we present a number of possible analyzes and instrumental diagnostic methods.

• Blood test for HIV;
• Blood test for blood group and Rh factor;
• UAC and BAC;
• OAM;
• Magnetic resonance imaging;
• Various types of radiography;
• Ultrasound examination of pathological areas;
• Test for viral hepatitis;
• Coagulogram;
• Immunological studies;
• CT scan;
• Cytological studies of biomaterial, etc.;

What does a surgeon treat? Let's look at this issue next.

What does a surgeon treat?

Taking into account all of the above, the surgeon treats various pathologies for which conservative therapy is ineffective or does not make sense at all.

Since there are a huge number of diseases within the area of ​​influence of this specialist, we will classify them into general groups based on locational damage, pathogenesis and etiology. The competence of this specialist includes the treatment of the following groups of diseases:

• Oncological diseases of various organs and tissues;
• Diseases of the musculoskeletal structure, as well as problems that developed against the background of a traumatic situation;
• Congenital disorders of the musculoskeletal system;
• Congenital anomalies of the maxillofacial region;
• Pathologies of the reproductive organs (men/women), including congenital ones;
• Gastrointestinal diseases;
• Diseases of the hepatobiliary system;
• Anomalies of the cardiovascular system;
• Damage to skin tissue, as well as benign tumors of the skin;
• Neurological abnormalities;
• Vascular disorders (systemic/local);
• Inflammation (systemic/local) of various tissues, including connective tissues;
• Parasitic infestations, etc.;

Source: https://hirurgi.su/article/chto-delaet-hirurg

What types of surgeons are there?

The profession of a surgeon is one of the most important and most difficult in medicine. As an independent medical field, surgery deals with the treatment of acute and chronic diseases using surgical intervention. A surgeon is one who, in his area of ​​specialization, has perfectly mastered the surgical method of treatment.

To become a surgeon, you need to obtain a higher medical education , then practical experience, while constantly improving your knowledge.

Surgery today does not stand still. It is constantly developing and moving forward. Here, like nowhere else, innovative methods and technologies are quickly and efficiently introduced, and modern surgical treatment techniques are constantly being mastered.

To master all of the above, a surgeon of any specialty must study throughout his entire practice.

To become a real surgeon, medical education alone is not enough. For a doctor in this profession, it is necessary to be physically and psychologically healthy .

Carrying out operations is hard, intense physical and emotional work . And daily contact with seriously, sometimes terminally ill people requires mental strength and resilience.

At the same time, like any doctor, a surgeon must possess such qualities as humanity, compassion, and the ability to hear and understand the patient.

Doctors of the surgical profession must be able to communicate with different, mostly unhealthy, people. They need to be responsible, purposeful, hardworking, and resilient.

A surgeon's working day is not limited to eight to five. Emergency surgery may be required at any time of the day.

Therefore, the surgeon, as a rule, does not belong to himself. He belongs to his profession, which requires complete dedication.

In any field of medicine , surgeons collect anamnesis, make a diagnosis, competently prepare the patient for surgery, operate on the patient, manage him during the postoperative period, and monitor him during rehabilitation. In addition, surgeons describe each patient and the medical procedures performed in the medical history.

Surgeons are required to know all the intricacies of the structure of the human body and impeccable mastery of operating techniques. The doctor performing the operation must be able to use numerous surgical instruments and complex equipment.

He must perfectly understand the principles of asepsis and antisepsis, the mechanism of pain relief, both general and local. The surgeon requires knowledge of health laws, physical therapy and radiology skills.

Real surgeons are those who are not afraid to entrust their lives. Such doctors perform every operation with their hands, mind and heart, using all their accumulated knowledge and experience.

There are many surgical specialties in modern medicine .

To work in one of the areas, a surgeon must undergo postgraduate training in the chosen field . The existence of narrow specializations in today's surgery is quite justified. The branching of surgical activities occurs depending on the nature of the disease and its severity.

Surgical specializations can be divided into:

• Planned surgery.
• Emergency surgery.

Acute stages of disease are treated with emergency surgery. Along with this, there is a specialization of planned surgery , which deals with hernias, diseases of the liver, kidneys, biliary tract, and the endocrine system of the body.

On the other hand, surgical professions are classified as:

• Are common.
• Specialized.

For example, a trauma surgeon belongs to the general surgical field. But a surgeon working in microsurgery is specialized, since microsurgery itself is one of the branches of cardiac surgery.

Surgery can be distinguished separately:

• Purulent.
• Children's room.
• Plastic.
• Connective tissue.
• Musculoskeletal system.
• Oncology.
• The field of life-threatening drug pathology.
• The area of ​​diseases associated with professions.

Along with the designated global areas, there is a specialization in surgery with a narrower focus.

A cardiac surgeon is a specialist who performs heart surgery and corrects various cardiac pathologies.

He surgically treats heart defects, both congenital and acquired, anomalies of large vessels, manifestations and complications of coronary heart disease. Cardiac surgeons perform heart organ transplants.

Neurosurgeons diagnose and perform operations on the human brain and spinal cord. This is a very delicate and responsible work, since it affects the human nervous system.

Patients who have:

• Vertebral hernias.
• Tumors of the spinal cord and brain.
• Epilepsy.
• Injured peripheral as well as central nervous system.
• Developmental pathologies and infectious diseases of the nervous system.
• Cerebral circulatory disorders.

Microsurgery specialists perform delicate operations using high technology, in particular on the eyes.

Pediatric surgeons have a separate specialization A pediatric surgeon conducts regular examinations of children, starting from birth and until they reach the age of 14, in order to identify or exclude the presence of hernias, scoliosis, dysplasia, phimosis, orchitis and other possible abnormalities.

Oncologist surgeons treat cancerous tumors surgically.

Surgeries on blood vessels (arteries, veins) are performed by angiosurgeons. To prevent possible strokes, heart attacks or gangrene due to vascular disease, angiosurgeons are involved in the diagnosis and prevention of vascular diseases, in particular atherosclerosis.

Abdominal surgery is a field that surgically treats diseases of the abdominal organs. A specialist in this field operates on infectious, congenital and malignant diseases of the liver, kidneys, spleen, esophagus, stomach and pancreas. He also deals with the intestines, appendix, and gall bladder.

A thoracic surgeon diagnoses and surgically treats diseases of all organs located in the chest. These include the lungs, mediastinal organs, trachea, pleura, and diaphragm. The most common pathology that a thoracic surgeon has to deal with is lung cancer.

• 
• Urological surgeons treat surgically genitourinary diseases of both men and women.
• There is such a narrow specialization as nephrologist surgeons , who deal exclusively with kidney diseases.

is also a narrow surgical specialization . In this field of medicine, surgeons operate on diseases of the male genital organs.

In gynecology, surgeons operate on infectious diseases, congenital or acquired pathologies of the female genital organs. The gynecologist also operates on women's cancer diseases.

A coloproctologist surgeon treats diseases of the anus, rectum, perineum, and colon using surgical methods. The main pathologies include cancerous tumors, cysts, polyps, condylomas, acute and chronic inflammation.

Diseases of the endocrine glands that require surgical intervention are treated by an endocrine surgeon.

Ophthalmological surgeons perform vision correction surgically and also treat various anomalies and diseases of the visual organs.

Orthopedic surgeons diagnose and treat the musculoskeletal system. Their area of ​​expertise includes the spine, musculoskeletal system, joints, and ligaments.

Trauma surgeons treat injuries of various etiologies, fractures, bruises, dislocations, sprains.

Otorhinolaryngologists make diagnoses and perform surgical interventions for diseases of the ear, nose and throat. These specialists perform operations on the tonsils, maxillary, frontal, maxillary sinuses, and bronchi.

They remove foreign bodies, operate on congenital anomalies, and cancerous tumors.

Dental surgeons perform both tooth extraction and tooth-preserving operations. They operate on injuries, tumors, as well as infectious and inflammatory processes affecting the oral cavity, facial joints and jaws.

They are also in charge of diseases of the nerve fibers, salivary glands, acquired or existing congenital defects in this area.

Plastic surgery involves surgeons of maxillofacial and cosmetology specializations. The scope of their activity is the correction or restoration of the function or shape of organs and tissues, as well as modified surfaces of the patient’s body.

These specialists are treated with traumatic and inflammatory diseases of the face, neck, mouth, burns, and fractures.

Cosmetology specialists – plastic surgeons – restore the lost beauty of the patient’s face and other parts of the body or create it anew.

The profession of a surgeon is extremely important and in demand in our time. The calling of surgeons is to directly save human lives.

Veterinary surgery is represented as a separate branch . Veterinary surgeons provide prompt care to injured sick animals.

Rate — (6

Source: https://www.operabelno.ru/specializaciya-po-xirurgii-kakie-byvayut-vrachi-xirurgi/

Who is a surgeon, what does he do and what is within his competence?

The medical field that studies acute and chronic diseases that arise for various reasons is called surgery. Its representatives treat such pathologies using the most radical method - surgery. In general, this discipline is currently divided into various areas, each of which deals with a specific system of the human body.

Who is the surgeon?

This specialist is a medical professional with a higher education diploma. Its tasks include the elimination of pathologies during operations that are carried out both comprehensively and locally on a specific organ.

• Among other things, the surgeon provides emergency treatment for injuries and other injuries.
• As a rule, in a clinic, a therapist refers a surgeon to a surgeon if he or she encounters certain difficulties or suspicions during the process of making a diagnosis.
• In this situation, at the appointment, a specialist doctor conducts a narrowly focused examination and, as a result, a definite decision is made regarding the need for surgical intervention.

Next, the doctor, if necessary, sends the patient to the hospital. There, a practicing surgeon performs an operation whose goal is to eliminate a particular pathological process.

Surgical intervention refers to certain manipulations during which the following occurs:

• cutting of the skin;
• soft tissues;
• removal of affected organs;
• introduction of prostheses, etc.

The operation must be performed under anesthesia. Its success is evidenced by the elimination of the disease.

In turn, the dental surgeon deals with:

• tooth extraction;
• implantation;
• other operations in the oral cavity;
• stopping inflammatory processes using instrumental cleaning;
• restoration of jaw proportions, etc.

The plastic surgeon, in turn, performs operations during which:

• cosmetic defects on the face are eliminated;
• the appearance of disfigured organs is restored;
• skin is corrected;
• body defects are removed.

This specialist is able to radically change a person’s appearance and rid him of various defects, including congenital ones.

What does the surgeon treat?

Its competence includes the treatment of diseases affecting:

• joints;
• musculoskeletal system;
• gastrointestinal tract;
• heart and blood vessels.

How to get into Aeroflot flight attendant school

In addition, he can also help with:

• oncological diseases;
• gynecological disorders;
• skin diseases accompanied by the occurrence of neoplasms;
• various congenital pathologies;
• infection with certain parasites.

In what cases do you consult a surgeon?

You cannot do without the help of this specialist in a situation if you have:

• inflammatory processes, treatment of which with medications was ineffective;
• external and internal injuries;
• tumors;
• physical congenital defects;
• complications that arose during treatment for parasites.

In addition, only a surgeon can help when it is necessary to install a pacemaker or perform prosthetics.

What symptoms indicate that the help of a surgeon is necessary?

Contact this specialist if:

• severe pain occurs for no obvious reason;
• blood is found in the urine;
• swelling and redness appear;
• warts and moles begin to grow;
• tumors are detected.

Any of the above signs requires immediate contact with a specialist. Timely treatment minimizes the risk of loss of health, thereby increasing the chances of a complete cure.

Analyzes

The surgeon, like any other doctor, draws conclusions based on objective examination data. In addition, before proceeding with the operation, the doctor must clearly understand the patient’s condition.

For this purpose, he prescribes a series of blood tests for:

• biochemistry;
• coagulability;
• allergens;
• viruses.

Among other things, the patient will also be required to undergo fluorography and a cardiogram.

Depending on the complexity of the case, the surgeon also prescribes a number of other studies. It is the responsibility of the physician to determine the appropriateness of a particular method necessary to clarify the diagnosis.

Only after a comprehensive picture of the disease is obtained is the actual operation scheduled.

Afterword

The success of the surgical intervention largely depends on how professional the surgeon is. To a large extent, this is also facilitated by the patient’s preparedness. At the same time, in many cases, following simple recommendations will avoid the need to go under a scalpel.

In particular, you should:

• do not take medications unnecessarily;
• eat only healthy foods;
• adhere to the rules of an active life;
• control body weight;
• maintain hygiene;
• drink enough water;
• injuries and wounds must be disinfected;
• undergo regular medical examinations;
• do not treat yourself.

There is a special offer on our website: you can consult our corporate lawyer completely free of charge. All you need to do is leave your question in the form below.

Source: http://VuzyInfo.ru/sovety/kto-takoj-xirurg-chto-delaet-i-chto-vxodit-v-ego-kompetenciyu.html

Surgeon: features of the profession, responsibilities, training, career

The surgical field is one of the most complex and important in modern medicine. Without it, it would be impossible to save patients with severe forms of illness and help people who have received serious injuries. Working as a surgeon, the doctor receives a wide field of activity, but his work requires an increased level of responsibility and dedication.

History of the profession

The first experiments in the field of surgery were carried out in Ancient Egypt and Ancient India. And although the theoretical basis on the internal structure of the human body was collected by Avicenna, Hippocrates is considered the founder of this direction. His treatises on tetanus, sepsis and abscesses were in demand even after his death: the information contained in them was so detailed and useful.

In the Middle Ages, medical practice was prohibited. Along with witches and heretics, surgeons could be questioned by the Inquisition, so no one risked conducting research openly. With the onset of the Renaissance, science again became a priority field.

Under the influence of Paracelsus, Harvey, Pare and other famous surgeons, schools appeared and separate directions were formed. Denis managed to say a new word in the development of surgery: in 1667 he performed the first successful blood transfusion.

This made it possible to significantly reduce patient mortality.

Since the 17th century, surgery has developed actively. Antiseptic and painkillers appeared, and the principle of the spread of infections became clear. Russia has its own strong school of surgery. Outstanding scientists: N.

Sklifosovsky, N. Pirogov, I. Pavlov, S. Botkin made an invaluable contribution to the development of domestic medicine.

Their legacy is used by modern surgeons, continuing to develop new directions: minimally invasive, low-traumatic and remote surgery.

Features of work

Surgery is one of the main branches of modern medicine. It is designed to treat the entire range of diseases through surgical intervention. The surgeon examines patients, determines the type of operation and performs postoperative rehabilitation. The surgeon is competent to examine and treat various pathologies:

• joint diseases;
• bleeding;
• tumors;
• foci of purulent and parasitic inflammation;
• heart and vascular diseases;
• damage to tissue integrity;
• kidney and liver stones;
• organ transplantation;
• complications during childbirth;

The surgeon is always in a team with an anesthesiologist and nurses; for complex cases, the presence of 2 or 3 surgeons is necessary. Operations that last 6 hours or more are carried out by 2 teams in shifts.

Professional Responsibilities

The work of a surgeon includes:

• consultation;
• deciphering tests and examination results;
• carrying out emergency and planned operations;
• if necessary, eliminate postoperative complications;
• observation of the patient in the postoperative period;
• carrying out rehabilitation activities;
• maintaining medical records.

The surgeon also participates in mandatory professional examinations and commissions, and carries out planned preventive measures.

Main areas of work

Surgery includes several main areas:

1. Neurosurgery. Surgeries are performed on the spinal cord and brain, and treatment and relief of acute symptoms of diseases of the nervous system are also carried out.
2. Cardiac surgery. Treatment of congenital and acquired heart defects, cardiac replacement and organ transplantation.
3. Vascular surgery. Removal of veins and vessels affected by diseases, prevention of varicose veins and other pathologies.
4. Abdominal surgery. Operations are performed on the abdominal organs: removal of affected areas of tissue, elimination of inflammation, foci of necrosis.
5. Plastic surgery. Elimination of cosmetic effects: congenital and acquired.
6. Thoracic surgery. Operations on organs located in the chest cavity: foci of purulent inflammation in the lungs, removal of neoplasms and foreign bodies from the bronchopulmonary system.
7. Maxillofacial Surgery. Correction of injuries and developmental anomalies of the maxillofacial bones, injuries and purulent inflammations in the soft tissues of the face and oral cavity.
8. Oncology. Removal of tumors and tissues affected by metastases.
9. Transpanthology. Organ transplantation, monitoring the patient during the recovery period, monitoring tissue compatibility.
10. Military surgery. Assistance to military personnel, conducting operations on the battlefield.

Modern surgery requires full mastery of one specialty and several subspecialties. Thus, a thoracic surgeon can simultaneously work with pathologies of the oral cavity, while an abdominal surgeon can study gynecology or vascular surgery in depth.

Pros and cons of the profession

Surgery as a field of medicine has its advantages:

• higher salary levels;
• the opportunity to develop in a profession, practice or engage in scientific activities;
• the opportunity to participate in international conferences and work abroad;
• early retirement if you have the required length of service.

Disadvantages of working in surgery:

• high levels of stress;
• irregular work schedule;
• long training period;
• the need to constantly improve the qualification level.

Surgery is an area of ​​work with increased responsibility. The lives of patients literally depend on the actions of the doctor. For many beginning professionals, they cannot withstand this level of stress and leave the profession. This must be taken into account when deciding whether to enroll in a medical school.

Requirements for applicants

A graduate of a medical university who has:

• current surgical certificate;
• ability to work with modern surgical equipment;
• knowledge of the physician's code of ethics;
• ability to maintain documentation;
• PC skills.

Not only professional compliance is important, but also physical endurance. The work of a doctor is not suitable for people with chronic diseases who are prone to fatigue.

Necessary personality qualities

To work in surgery, a doctor must have:

• stable nervous system;
• willpower;
• determination;
• patience;
• attentiveness;
• communication skills;
• responsibility;
• the ability to quickly make decisions.

The surgeon must be able to find a balance between empathy for patients and emotional detachment.

In the process of work, he constantly has to deal with negative emotional manifestations: surgical patients suffer from severe pain, are nervous, and are afraid of the operation and its consequences.

They direct all nervous worries to the medical staff. The surgeon must be sensitive to this, but not allow stress to interfere with work responsibilities.

Where to get education

To become a surgeon, you need to apply for the specialty “Pediatrics” or “General Medicine”. To pass the entrance exams, you must have a high level of knowledge in the field of biology and chemistry.

Bachelor's studies last 4-6 years. Afterwards, students must enroll in a master's program and, after receiving a diploma, pass a special examination by a medical commission.

Its decision determines whether the graduate will receive the right to work in his profession.

But even having a permit does not give the future doctor the right to practice medicine. After university, he must undergo pre-medical practice in a clinic and residency, working under the guidance of experienced surgeons. Only after this can the doctor independently perform operations.

Main directions and subjects

For medical students, the first-year program is the same. They are learning:

• anatomy;
• physiology;
• biochemistry;
• diagnostic methods;
• pathology;
• medical Latin.

From the 3rd year, a more in-depth study of specialized subjects begins, and practical classes in the morgue are necessarily added.

average salary

On average, a surgeon’s salary is 30,000 rubles. Minimum earnings – about 15,000 rubles. The maximum income of a surgeon can reach 200,000 – 250,000 rubles. per month. The most “profitable” areas are transpanthology and plastic surgery. Dental surgeons also receive high salaries. They can earn up to 100,000 rubles.

Where to go to work

Surgeons can work in:

• public and private clinics;
• sanatoriums and dispensaries;
• scientific organizations;
• rescue services;
• Ministry of Emergency Situations;
• educational medical institutions.

A surgeon can also open his own medical institution, engage in practice, or only be a manager.

Career prospects

The development of a surgeon's career depends on his qualification level. Every 5 years, the doctor undergoes a qualification exam. For all significant professional achievements, he receives points confirming his competence.

These are: carrying out complex operations, publishing articles and books, obtaining a scientific degree, participating in conferences and seminars. If the accumulated points are sufficient, the doctor continues to work in his specialty.

Lack of points deprives you of the right to practice.

Experience also affects qualifications. After working the required number of years and passing the commission, the surgeon receives the category:

• 3 or more years – second;
• 7 or more years – first;
• 10 or more years – highest.

Receiving a category is not necessary, but without it you cannot get a promotion. The work of a surgeon is difficult, but interesting. A doctor should perceive it as a calling - only in this case will he be able to grow professionally.

Source: https://o-professii.ru/hirurg-osobennosti-professii-objazannosti-trebovanija-neobhodimye-kachestva/

What does a surgeon do in a clinic?

January 16, 2018

Many people believe that surgical care can only be obtained in a hospital medical facility. But a surgeon can also see you in any district clinic. And he also carries out treatment.

Diagnostics comes first

It turns out that the outpatient surgeon is very popular among the population. Firstly, because a doctor of this specialty, along with a therapist, is a primary care doctor. This means that you can get to it without directions. Secondly, many believe (and not without reason) that a surgeon understands human anatomy better than any other doctor.

Therefore, he can accurately determine what and why “stabbed” in a particular place. And the surgeon, whose responsibilities include diagnosing and “sorting” patients, gives fairly clear recommendations as a result of the examination. Which specialist should you contact, what examinations should be performed, etc. The surgeon also issues directions.

For example, for X-ray examination, MRI, ultrasound, etc.

Educational program with a psychological bias

In this case, the outpatient surgeon often has to act as a psychological driver. Simply because many people, at the mere mention of surgery, go into a state of panic and, out of fear, do not want to go to the hospital. Others, out of frivolity, put off such an unpleasant event, sometimes needing to act immediately.

The surgeon has to reassure the patient by talking about the achievements of modern medicine in a specific area of ​​​​surgical intervention, and explain to him the need to perform the operation within a certain time frame. Many are afraid of general anesthesia and donor blood transfusions.

And here the clinic surgeon also removes all the patient’s doubts, putting him in a positive and decisive mood.

Paper surgery

The surgeon is responsible for selecting a hospital or clinic that serves patients in the county where they live. To go to the hospital for a planned operation, the patient needs to have a whole set of certain “papers” in hand.

This is a referral from a clinic surgeon with a clearly stated diagnosis, a set of certificates with the results of tests and studies. The surgeon must perform all this preparatory work very precisely. Otherwise, the patient may simply not be admitted to the hospital.

Even if just one analysis is not enough.

Let's go to the operating room

The clinic surgeon himself provides some assistance to patients. To do this, he must have an operating room connected to the primary reception room. And some clinics even have more than one operating room.

The main thing that distinguishes a polyclinic surgeon from his colleagues from hospitals is that he can only perform such manipulations and operations for which local anesthesia is sufficient. General anesthesia is not within the competence of polyclinic surgery.

Often, a clinic surgeon will puncture the knee joint to inject an anti-inflammatory drug directly into it. In this case, the surgeon observes the effect of such manipulation and determines how many such injections should be performed.

Often, a polyclinic surgeon has to remove foreign bodies from the skin of patients. These are splinters of various origins, fragments of plastic or glass, metal shavings, etc.

Especially often specialists involved in repair and construction work deal with such problems. However, similar troubles happen in everyday life.

But dressings, treatment of burns and trophic ulcers, and removal of postoperative sutures are usually performed by a surgical nurse. But only as prescribed by the clinic surgeon and often under his control.

And the outpatient surgeon must exercise so-called “oncological alertness” in case of the slightest suspicion of a tumor disease. “Once a 65-year-old patient came to me. She had axillary hidradenitis (commonly referred to as “bitch udder”). It would seem a simple matter.

However, any surgeon knows that the hormonally dependent glands in women of this age actually do not function. Therefore, after providing her with surgical care, I referred her to an oncologist and a gynecologist.

And, of course, the outpatient surgeon performs a number of operations. They are divided into “clean” and purulent. In the “clean” format the following is deleted:

• lipomas (benign formations in the form of capsules filled with adipose tissue);
• fibromas (benign tumor formations that arise from connective tissue or mucous membrane);
• papillomas (a benign tumor that forms on the surface of the skin in the form of a nipple-like growth).

The purulent category includes openings:

• abscesses (purulent inflammations accompanied by the formation of a cavity filled with pus);
• boils (acute purulent inflammation of the hair follicle and surrounding soft tissue);
• carbuncles (a combination of several boils on a small area of ​​skin);
• phlegmon (acute purulent inflammation of fatty tissue);
• panaritium (purulent inflammations that occur as a result of infection entering deep into the tissues of the fingers or toes as a result of abrasions, small cuts, poor-quality manicure, pedicure, etc.).

In cases where the patient does not have fractures after an injury, but hematomas have formed, the clinic surgeon opens them. It is often necessary to perform operations for onychocryptosis (ingrown toenail). After each operation, the outpatient surgeon must prescribe a series of dressings and explain how to prevent similar diseases in the future.

Operating operating discord

Of course, operating rooms in different clinics are equipped with different equipment. The most modern equipment allows operations to be performed at a higher level. Take, for example, a disease such as onychocryptosis. It is characterized by the ingrowth of the nail plate into the lateral edge of the nail fold.

In most cases, this happens to the big toe and causes a lot of inconvenience: pain when walking, inflammation, redness, swelling. Often with onychocryptosis, infection and suppuration of the nail fold occurs. An ingrown toenail is very dangerous for patients with diabetes and people with poor circulation in the legs.

After all, an infection can trigger the development of gangrene of the thumb. Therefore, surgical treatment for onychocryptosis is simply necessary.

There are three options for surgical treatment of an ingrown toenail - using a scalpel, a laser device and a radio wave device. The operating room of any clinic is equipped with a scalpel, but removing an ingrown toenail using this traditional surgical instrument is very traumatic and does not exclude relapses.

Nowadays, laser removal of ingrown toenails is widely practiced, which is slightly traumatic, and relapses after it are extremely rare. However, not all district clinics, but almost all outpatient clinics of private clinics have a laser installation.

Radio wave technology causes even less trauma to the nail and practically does not cause relapses. Such surgical treatment is carried out only on a paid basis and only in private medical institutions. In any case, the operation is performed on an outpatient basis and under local anesthesia.

There are clinics, mostly large, departmental, private, or operating in hospitals, where a surgeon paired with an anesthesiologist provides care to patients. This medical “tandem” performs operations of the so-called low complexity category.

For example, associated with a hernia, varicose veins, transverse flat feet, deformation of the first toe. As a rule, such clinics have a special day hospital room.

There, after surgical treatment, the patient is under the supervision of a doctor for several hours.

Of course, a polyclinic surgeon, in order to master new methods of surgical treatment, systematically improves his qualifications. This is very important because... In a clinic, a surgeon most often works alone and without assistants. Therefore, he has no one to get professional advice from if necessary. You need to decide and do everything yourself. But accurately and competently.

Source: Marina Maslyaeva, journalist

Source: https://aptekamos.ru/novosti/chto-delaet-xirurg-v-poliklinike-9365/novost

What diseases does the surgeon treat? Find out at DocDoc.ru

A surgeon is a doctor who specializes in treating various diseases through physical intervention in the patient’s body. Typically, such pathologies cannot be cured with medication, without surgical manipulations - dressings, wound treatments, surgical interventions. The surgeon’s task is to correctly diagnose the disease, cure it and monitor the post-treatment period.

Answering the question of what a surgeon treats, we can say with confidence that there is no organ that cannot be treated surgically.

Sections of surgery

Most often, surgeons specialize in treating individual organs or systems of the body. Exist:

• trauma surgeons;
• cardiologists;
• neurosurgeons;
• plastic surgeons;
• ophthalmic surgeons;
• General surgeons work in hospitals and emergency departments - they carry out resuscitation measures and perform urgent operations on any organs.

What diseases does the surgeon treat?

The list of things that a surgeon treats is very wide. The most common diseases and conditions of the body:

• fractures and bone cracks of all types;
• head and spine injuries;
• bruises, sprains, dislocations, microtraumas;
• congenital pathologies of organs, and sometimes entire systems - fusion or obstruction of organs, underdevelopment, deformities;
• tumors – oncological and benign – wen, fibroids, etc.;
• hernias, appendicitis;
• vascular obstruction, venous diseases;
• boils, ulcers, non-healing wounds, gangrene;
• any processes in the body that have developed into forms of atrophy, sepsis, peritonitis and require immediate surgical intervention.

How does a surgeon treat

A visit to the surgeon does not always end with surgery. The doctor tries to cure any disease with minimal intervention, and only in cases where this is impossible or risky is surgery prescribed.

Today, there are many gentle methods and techniques for performing operations that minimize injuries to the body.

All manipulations in this case are carried out remotely, using microscopic instruments and under supervision on monitors through micro-cameras.

How does an initial appointment with a surgeon go?

At the initial appointment, the doctor:

• listens to the patient’s complaints and collects anamnesis; if the patient is in serious condition, close people should tell about his condition and symptoms;
• prescribes the necessary diagnostics. Usually this is fluoroscopy, MRI or CT, blood and urine tests, etc.;
• prescribes the necessary treatment and provides first aid - bandaging, applying plaster, splints, straightens the joint, opens ulcers and treats them;  
• if urgent surgical assistance is required, he is referred to a hospital.

This article is posted for educational purposes only and does not constitute scientific material or professional medical advice. 

Source: https://DocDoc.ru/library/Chto_lechit_vrach_khirurg