Combined cough preparations: their types and features

Cough is a fairly common symptom of infectious respiratory tract diseases. The cause of its occurrence is most often an infectious-inflammatory process of the upper respiratory tract.

The symptom may not bother a person and make itself felt at certain intervals. It can also be painfully strong, which is accompanied by sleep disturbances, pain, and vomiting. At the pharmacy you can buy antitussives that are intended to eliminate the symptom.

Their wide variety will allow you to choose the most suitable drug for each specific case.

Cough treatment

Treatment for cough should first begin by eliminating the cause. An obsessive dry non-productive cough requires the use of antitussive therapy. This type of cough slows down the evacuation of secretions that accumulate in the patient's respiratory tract.

A nonproductive cough is a sign of disturbances in the movement of sputum along the bronchial tree and the viscosity of bronchial secretions. In this case, antitussive therapy should be aimed at thinning the sputum, which will increase the effectiveness of the cough.

Restoring airway patency is only possible by transferring it from dry to wet.

Before you start taking any measures, it is recommended to be examined by a doctor, who, after diagnosing and establishing the cause, nature and characteristics of the cough, will prescribe the most effective medicine.

Centrally acting drugs

A centrally acting antitussive is aimed at suppressing the functions of the cough center in the medulla oblongata.

This group includes narcotic drugs (Codeine) and non-narcotic drugs, in which the action aimed at suppressing cough is combined with a sedative and analgesic effect (Butamirate, Prenoxdiazine, Glaucine hydrochloride).

Non-narcotic drugs include the combination drug “Broncholitin”, which contains glaucine hydrochloride, citric acid, sage essential oil, and ephedrine. Medicines in this group are often used unreasonably and incorrectly. They are prescribed to suppress cough, which is required very rarely (for whooping cough in children).

For special indications in a hospital setting (and even then extremely rarely), narcotic antitussives are used.

Peripheral agents

Peripheral-acting drugs help reduce reflex stimulation of the cough reflex, acting on the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract as anesthetics or mild analgesics.

A positive effect can be achieved by moisturizing the mucous membranes with steam inhalations and aerosols.

With the addition of medications (plant extracts, baking soda and salt) or on their own, water vapor inhalation is the most common, affordable and simple method of hydration.

For young children, baths aimed at moistening the respiratory tract will replace any cough suppressants. The classification of drugs allows us to distinguish enveloping, expectorant, and mucolytic drugs. Drugs of the first group create a protective layer on the nasopharyngeal mucosa.

In most cases, these are syrups, tablets, teas with plant extracts. Expectorants help remove bronchial secretions from the respiratory tract, and mucolytics are used to neutralize cough in pneumonia, bronchitis, laryngotracheitis, and tracheitis.

Narcotic drugs

Particular care should be taken with narcotic medications. They are sold in pharmacies by prescription. The patient should not take them without first consulting a doctor and prescribing drugs with narcotic effects. They are indicated in extreme cases when other medications are powerless.

The action of drugs in this group is aimed at suppressing the functions of the cough center in the medulla oblongata. These are morphine-like compounds, such as Dextromethorphan, Ethylmorphine, Codeine. The last drug is the most famous. This natural narcotic analgesic is an opiate receptor agonist. Antitussives with narcotic effects depress the respiratory center.

Non-narcotic drugs

This group of drugs does not cause side effects compared to the previous one.

Non-narcotic antitussives, the classification of which consists of drugs with central and peripheral action, are indicated for acute cough of various origins.

They are prescribed for whooping cough in the preoperative or postoperative periods. Non-narcotic drugs are effective for bronchiectasis, bronchitis, and bronchial asthma.

Non-narcotic antitussives of peripheral action have a relaxing, anti-inflammatory, and anesthetic effect. These include drugs such as Benpropyrine, Bithiodine, Levodropropizine.

Mixed-action drugs

The most striking and common drug in this group is a medicine called Prenoxdiazine.

Its action is aimed at reducing the duration and frequency of unproductive cough attacks, reducing the intensity, as well as the sensitivity of cough receptors.

The medicine does not affect the activity of the respiratory center. Thanks to its antispasmodic effect, it expands the bronchi and prevents the development of their narrowing.

This antitussive remedy for dry cough is prescribed for pneumonia, exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, acute inflammation of the bronchi and acute tracheitis.

Local anesthetics

To neutralize a cough, local anesthetics are often used, a representative of which is the drug Lidocaine.

Available in the form of a colorless aerosol, which contains propylene glycol, ethanol, mint oil, lidocaine hydrochloride. It has a bitter taste and a pleasant menthol aroma.

The range of uses of local anesthetic is quite wide. Thus, it is prescribed for dental and otolaryngeal diseases, for tooth extraction, gum anesthesia when installing a bridge or crowns, for respiratory infections, and for washing sinuses.

Cough remedies during pregnancy

During pregnancy, when the immune system is weakened and the body spends most of its energy on the development of the fetus, a woman can be struck by an acute respiratory infection, which is accompanied by a cough.

Such diseases in this situation are dangerous, because they can result in miscarriage or complications for the mother or unborn child.

In any case, symptoms must be eliminated with minimal risk to the fetus and maximum effectiveness for the pregnant woman.

It is very important to choose the right drugs. Antitussives with peripheral or central action are not recommended. The best way here is inhalation.

They can be made with pairs of coltsfoot, chamomile, sage, and boiled potatoes. During pregnancy, you can fight a cough with tea with licorice, plantain, and linden.

Also approved are the drugs “Doctor MOM”, “Doctor Theiss”, “Mukaltin”, “Gerbion”, “Gedelix”, “Bronchipret”.

Cough remedies for children

An antitussive drug for children should be selected based on the nature and nature of the cough. You should not buy the drug yourself, because it can have a number of side effects on the child’s body. It is better to have it prescribed by a doctor.

You can use traditional medicine if the child is not allergic to them. Children from one year of age can be given medications such as Gedelix and Doctor MOM. From the age of three you can take Libexin and Bronholitin. As phlegm-thinning and expectorant medications, it is possible to use such drugs as: “Codelac PHYTO”, “Pertussin”, “Solutan”, “Mukaltin”, “Ambroxol”.

Folk remedies for cough

Traditional medicine is rich in recipes that perfectly help cope with the described illness. Antitussives with anesthetic properties, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory effects can be found among a huge number of medicinal plants.

Certain diets can also help relieve coughs. Milk helps relieve bronchospasm, so it is recommended to include drinks with it or milk porridges in your diet. Grated radish and vegetable oil will help against cough.

Antitussives for dry coughs are fresh milk with butter and honey or hot milk with spices.

Herbal preparations

Traditional medicine recipes and the healing properties of medicinal plants formed the basis for the production of herbal preparations, which are almost free of side effects (with the exception of individual intolerance to components or allergies), have a mild but effective effect, and do not harm other body systems. Another advantage is that such medications are safe for pregnant women and children.

The drug “Gedelix” is based on an extract of ivy leaves, the drug “Bronkhin” is based on plantain, “Breast collection No. 1” is based on marshmallow. Thyme is the basis for the medicines “Pertussin” and “Stoptussin-phyto”. Combined herbal preparations include “Suprima-Broncho”, “Kofrem”, “Doctor MOM”, “Kofol”.

Source: https://www.syl.ru/article/169152/new_protivokashlevyie-sredstva-i-ih-klassifikatsiya

Cough tablets: instructions for using medications, a list of the most effective remedies for a cough attack

Cough tablets are a group of medications aimed at treating a specific symptom. The cough reflex is a very common sign of respiratory diseases and other pathologies. The symptom, according to the classification, has two main manifestations - wet and dry type. It becomes chronic in the absence of treatment.

The list of antitussive drugs is unusually wide. A heterogeneous group consists of drugs that provoke expectoration of sputum and suppress the cough reflex. Medicines should be chosen according to the manifestation of cough and the diagnosis.

Tablets are a popular form of release that has many advantages. The blisters are compact, there is no need to dilute or measure anything: the dosage has already been selected, you just need to take it. Instructions for use contain information about the medicine, indications and method of administration. Most drugs are available without a doctor's prescription.

Classification of cough tablets

Specialty medications vary in their mechanism of action and use. There are three groups of medications used to relieve symptoms:

• Antitussives. The medicine can inhibit the reflex at the initial level. In fact, there is a blockage in the head. The body temporarily “forgets” about the disease, so it is used for a temporary effect. The inflammation continues to exist. Suppressing a cough can only be done for a short time; in the future, full treatment will be required.
• Expectorants stimulate contraction of the mucous membrane, resulting in the expulsion of mucus. They provoke an expectorant effect, promoting a productive cough. Expectoration of secretions promotes recovery.
• Mucolytics are drugs that should be used if a wet cough is observed. It is necessary to take mucolytic drugs to thin the viscous sputum that clogs the airways. Taking it for a dry cough can trigger the development of a wet cough, since this group promotes the production of sputum to alleviate the condition. This does not happen often: this type of medicine is not prescribed if there is no sputum.

Mucolytics are taken to thin out sticky sputum.

It is important to take any medication correctly. A medication aimed only at suppressing the reflex will not cope with the viscous secretion secreted by the mucosa. A productive cough is possible only with the complex use of expectorant medications in combination with mucolytics. Combination tablets are produced that are not included in any of these groups.

Combination drugs are new generation drugs. The composition includes several components with different effects. A unique combination of substances allows you to significantly expand the scope of influence on the body. The drugs have anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects. The combination medication essentially acts in the same way as a broad-spectrum antibiotic.

Complex cough tablets are based on a herbal decoction combined with synthesized substances. The combination of pharmacological advances and traditional medicine recipes contributes to the effectiveness of therapy. To purchase the drug you will need a doctor's prescription due to the presence of side effects.

The composition includes ingredients:

• mucolytic action - ambroxol, bromhexine;
• expectorants (stimulate mucus production, relieve bronchospasm) - guaifenesin (extract from tree roots), thyme (plant), thermopsis (herb);
• having anti-inflammatory properties.

The use of complex medications can promote rapid recovery.

Cough tablets come in the following types:

• in a shell - such a capsule is simply swallowed whole, but when taken it should be washed down with water;
• having an effervescent effect - the tablet dissolves in water;
• Chewable lollipops - intended for chewing or sucking.

The list of antitussive drugs includes many items. All tablets have different effects: they can help with serious illnesses or be suitable for treating a simple cold. The taste can be sour, mint or even chocolate, and the color of the shell can be yellow or green. Appearance has nothing to do with the effect it produces.

Contraindications for many drugs are breastfeeding, pregnancy in the 2nd-3rd trimester, children under 6 years of age. If the child is under one year old, then even gentle cough remedies are contraindicated. Treatment is prescribed only by the attending physician after diagnosis and examination.

Mechanism of action of tablets

Antitussive tablets remove phlegm

Suppressing the cough reflex, removing phlegm, stimulating muscle spasms or, conversely, relieving them is a specific action. Antitussive tablets are conventionally divided into two groups: central and peripheral effects.

Centrally acting drugs cannot block cough without depressing the entire respiratory system. They are divided according to their composition into two types:

• Narcotic components cause dependence and addiction, depress the lungs and bronchi. They suppress the entire nervous system instead of acting locally only on the part of the brain responsible for the reflex.
• Non-narcotic drugs - act locally, without affecting the central brain. They are not addictive: a medication of this type will be effective even if taken repeatedly.

Peripheral-acting drugs can directly block irritation of the nerve endings of the respiratory organs, preventing the transmission of impulses to the brain. Soften the inflamed mucous membrane.

Despite the different principles of action, drugs should be selected according to the symptoms of cough. Thus, a peripheral effect will be useless if the cough is severe and accompanied by swelling of the mucous membrane. Take cough tablets with narcotic components only as prescribed by a doctor.

The most effective means

Choosing an effective drug is not easy without a correct diagnosis. Coughing often occurs if a person has allergies or smokes. Smoking depresses the lungs and bronchi; inhaled smoke causes a sharp contraction of the membrane and provokes a cough. As a rule, specific treatment is required (as with allergies).

Effective agents are classified according to their mechanism of action:

Ambroxol

• Antitussive effect: Codeine, Glaucine, Butamirate. Taken for dry, hysterical cough of various origins.
• Mucolytic effect: ACC, Bromhexine, Ambroxol. Relieves severe coughs, thins and removes mucus.
• Expectorant effect: Thermopsis, Mucaltin, Doctor MOM, Bronchipret.
• Combined drugs - Lorraine, Broncholitin, Prothiazine.

Expectorant tablets make up the smallest group. Coughing up sputum occurs more effectively after taking syrups based on plant extracts. Popular brands produce medications in other forms, for example, syrups: Doctor Mom or Bromhexine.

The most popular medications have already proven effective in treating various types of cough. Any medications must be taken as prescribed by your doctor; there is no way to purchase combination tablets without a prescription.

Cough is not the most severe problem among similar symptoms, but it can ruin the life of any person. Uncontrolled use will not cure the cause of the cough. Consultation with a doctor is necessary, because the wrong pills will worsen your overall health.

Source: https://pulmohealth.com/bolezni/kashel/sredstva/tabletki-ot-kashlya/

What effective combination cough medications are there?

Cough is an integral part of many colds, allergic reactions and other pathological conditions. Our conversation today will be about combination cough medications, combinations and effects on the problem.

How to use Clenbuterol cough syrup

What is the essence of combined action drugs?

Unfortunately, one remedy is not able to cope with a cough, or this treatment process will last a long time. Plus, people are looking for inexpensive and effective medicines, hoping for a positive result.

The main advantage of combined action drugs is the eradication of the main symptoms of the disease. There is another side to the coin, they often contain substances that are not suitable for all adults or their dose is too small for treatment.

Based on this, doctors recommend giving preference to monocomponent drugs, which are based on one potent substance. This makes it possible to select the correct dosage and titrate both up and down. Even if side effects occur, it is much easier to find out what exactly caused them and how to adjust further treatment.

Key combinations of cough medications

The list of combinations of drugs aimed at treating cough is quite large. It may contain expectorant, antitussive options, as well as the notorious mucolytics. Let's look at the most effective combinations.

1. Treatment with combination drugs based on an expectorant component. According to experts, it is this combination of drugs with a low dosage that gives an effective, and most importantly, safe result than choosing one drug, but with a higher dosage. This list includes:

• Pertussin;
• Bronchipret;
• Chest elixir; Chest collection No. 1, 2;
• Pectolos;
• Stoptussin-Fito.

1. A combination of mucolytics and expectorants - Bronchosan is a prominent representative. It contains predominantly mucolytic components.
2. Drugs that combine expectorant and antitussive components. They are especially popular in the treatment of coughs that occur during ARVI or influenza. The first results are noticeable 1-1.5 weeks after administration, cough is significantly reduced:

• Tussin Plus;
• Codelac;
• Tos-Mai;
• Codesan;
• Stoptussin;
• Glycodin (as syrup).

1. Mucolytic agents in combination with antitussives. The use should be justified, since the weakening of a strong and dry cough can last for a short period of time, and then the development of a syndrome of “flooding” of the lungs is possible:

1. Therapy based on combination drugs containing antitussive components, expectorants, and other medicinal components.

A cough may well be one of the symptoms of infectious diseases. In this case, the patient feels pain in the larynx, fever with increased temperature, and congestion in the nasal passages. To solve this problem, it is advisable to use drugs that contain not only antitussive components, but also antibiotics, antihistamines and sympathomimetics. So, when treating chronic bronchitis or pneumonia, it is advisable to use drugs with mucolytics and antibiotics - Roxin.

Each component is endowed with individual influence capabilities, for example:

• The substance paracetamol, contained in Grippostad, Codefemol, Solpadeine, reduces pain and temperature.
• The content of sympathomimetics helps reduce swelling that occurs in the mucous membranes of the bronchi and nasopharynx. Most often these components are: Ephedrine, Pseudoephedrine or Phenylephrine. They have a bronchodilator effect - Codefemol, Coldrex, Actifed Expectorant.
• The presence of antihistamines helps cope with itching, allergic reactions, and pronounced exudative phenomena. Most of them use chlorphenamine or doxylamine - Combinex, Gripmax night and others. The use of these Combi-drugs is justified in case of heavy discharge from the nasal passages of a serous nature. If the discharge is purulent-serous, the drug is not permissible for use, due to the fact that it can cause thickening of the exudate and prevent its natural release.

You should not overlook combination products in the form of ointments based on thymol, turpentine, menthol, peppermint, and juniper. Use locally, by rubbing the chest and neck.

They have anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effects. Before using such options, you need to find out if there is an allergy to specific components, otherwise the therapy will lead to unpredictable reactions and increased bronchospasm.

Do not apply to skin with even minimal damage.

Source: http://KashlyaNet.ru/lechenie/preparaty/kakie-est-effektivnye-kombinirovannye-preparaty-ot-kashlya.html

Combined action cough preparations for adults and children

It's winter outside, and the season of acute respiratory infections, acute respiratory viral infections, and influenza is in full swing. Any viral or bacterial infection that enters the body through the respiratory system will lead to a cough. In this case, it is necessary to fight not with a cough, but with an infection. Of all the variety of cough medications, only drugs that block the cough reflex in the brain are actually antitussives. Everyone else, one way or another, fights the root cause, helping the respiratory tract to clear phlegm.

Cough classification

There are physiological and pathological coughs:

• physiological cough occurs as a reaction to external irritants of the mucous membrane. This could be a foreign body that has entered the respiratory tract or accumulated mucus. This cough occurs periodically and goes away spontaneously;
• a pathological cough is always the result of a respiratory tract disease caused by a viral or bacterial infection, or severe heart and lung disease.

The cough can be strong or weak:

• severe cough occurs as a result of acute respiratory diseases, whooping cough, bronchitis and bronchotracheitis;
• a weak cough is characteristic of chronic diseases of the bronchi and lungs, with sluggish processes. These are chronic bronchitis, pulmonary tuberculosis.

What is the difference between a wet cough and a dry cough?

Coughs are also classified according to productivity:

• unproductive cough - dry, barking without sputum production. As a rule, such a cough occurs when the upper respiratory tract is affected;
• A productive cough is a cough with sputum production, indicating that the lower respiratory tract is affected - the bronchi, and sometimes the lungs.

Often diseases are determined by the nature of sputum:

• clear, watery sputum indicates that the person is infected with a viral infection;
• cloudy, purulent sputum is a clear sign of a bacterial infection

This entire classification is taken into account during diagnosis. You must understand that it is impossible to diagnose yourself and prescribe treatment on your own.

The consequences of such amateur activity are not difficult to predict - a disease that a specialist can cope with within 2-3 weeks takes on a protracted chronic form.

Groups of drugs used for cough

• Depending on how the disease progresses, doctors change the treatment strategy, and at the same time the drugs, which, despite the general name, are strictly differentiated and are used depending on the symptoms.
• How to make a vodka compress for cough for a child
• Medicines are divided into the following groups:

1. Antitussive drugs. This is the only group, of all the subgroups, that has every reason to be called that. These drugs are designed to relieve symptoms. Used for non-productive debilitating cough. They block cough centers in the brain stem, or receptors in the periphery. These drugs relieve a person from the torment associated with a protracted, barking cough. As long as respiratory therapy is carried out, the symptoms are relieved. This group of drugs is divided into 2 subgroups:

• preparations containing narcotic drugs: Codeine, Dimemorphan, Ethylmorphine. They are not very willingly prescribed by doctors, as there is a tendency to become addictive. Such drugs are especially carefully prescribed to children. Only in case of emergency with whooping cough, for example, or bronchial asthma;
• non-narcotic antitussives block the cough reflex without affecting brain function. These include Butamirate, Glaucine, Oxeladin, Prenoxyndiosine. They are prescribed for acute influenza and ARVI.

1. Mucolytic drugs are intended to thin sputum during a productive cough, when the sputum is thick and viscous. Mucolytics are used for acute and chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, bronchial asthma and cystic fibrosis. The most used and popular of them are Bromhexine, Ambroxol, Acetylcysteine, Mucaltin, as well as licorice root syrup.
2. Bronchodilators are drugs that eliminate bronchospasm without in any way affecting the cause of its occurrence. Among them are:

• drugs that stimulate adrenergic receptors, due to which bronchospasm is relieved. These drugs are prescribed for bronchial asthma, less often for obstructive bronchitis. These include the following drugs: Salbutamol, Fenoterol, Orciprenaline, Isoprenaline and many other drugs. Should be used only as prescribed by a doctor, like all other drugs in this group;
• M-anticholinergics are used to block attacks of bronchial obstruction. They do not enter the bloodstream and do not have a systemic effect. These include Berodual, Atropine sulfate, Metacin, Ipratropium bromide;
• Calcium channel blockers – Nifedipine, Isradipine;
• corticosteroids used in the treatment of severe forms of bronchial asthma. These are drugs such as Hydrocortisone, Prednisolone, Dexamethasone and others.

1. Combined cough preparations for children and adults. This group of drugs simultaneously has expectorant, bronchodilator, anti-inflammatory and cough reflex-reducing effects. As a result of numerous studies, it has been proven that the effect of combination drugs is much more effective than monotherapy. Thanks to the action of all the components included in such drugs, bronchospasm is blocked, at the same time the sputum is thinned and the expectoration process is facilitated, and the inflammation itself is treated, that is, the cause of the disease is eliminated. This group of drugs includes:

• Bronholitin is a fairly popular drug among doctors and patients. It contains ephedrine and glaucine, which relieve bronchospasms, thin sputum and reduce inflammation. The patient's condition noticeably improves from the very beginning of taking the drug;
• Codelac Broncho is a very effective drug that acts directly on the cough center in the brain stem. In addition, due to other components, it has mucolytic properties, secretomotor and weak anti-inflammatory effects. It contains Ambroxol, thermopsis herb for tablets or liquid thyme extract for syrups, Sodium bicarbonate thins mucus, Sodium glycerrate has an anti-inflammatory effect. This whole complex allows you to quickly cope with coughs of viral and bacterial etiology;
• Herbion with plantain is a syrup that has antitussive and anti-inflammatory effects. Well suited for both adults and children over 2 years old. Due to the vitamin C content, it improves immunity. Has virtually no contraindications;
• Stoptussin is an excellent combination drug that has an antitussive and mucolytic effect. Produced in the Czech Republic in the form of tablets, drops and syrup with herbal ingredients. The drug is very effective and affordable.

Rules for using a nebulizer for coughing

This list could be continued, but there is no need, because self-medication, with all the erudition of modern man, is very dangerous. It would seem, why go to the doctor, saw an advertisement, bought the drug and are healthy. Suitable for a commercial script, but not for real life. Trust a specialist and receive proper treatment.

Source: https://KashelSovet.ru/drugoe/preparaty-ot-kashlya-kombinirovannogo-dejstviya-dlya-vzroslyh-i-detej.html

COUGH

Tamara Anatolyevna Zatsepilova,

Associate Professor of the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, MMA named after. THEM. Sechenov

Cough is a complex reflex defense reaction in which contents are removed from the airways and normal patency is restored. Cough can be frequent and infrequent, weak and strong, painful and painless, constant and periodic. The duration of the cough can be acute (up to 3 weeks), prolonged (more than 3 weeks) and chronic (3 months or more); the nature -

unproductive (dry) and productive (wet). A dry cough is characteristic of stenosis of the trachea and large bronchi, for pathological processes not accompanied by inflammation.

A wet cough is observed in diseases accompanied by hypersecretion of bronchial mucus and inflammatory processes. Cough is a symptom of respiratory disease, so antitussives are symptomatic.

When eliminating a cough of any nature, treatment of the underlying disease is crucial.

Antitussives act at two levels: central (cough center) and peripheral (receptors of the posterior wall of the pharynx, trachea, bronchi, etc.).

Classification of antitussives and their characteristics

1.

Centrally acting drugs

a) narcotics: Codeine, dextromethorphan (part of the combination drugs Alex plus, Zedex, Tussin plus). These drugs reduce the excitability of the cough center. However, they depress the respiratory center and can cause drug dependence. Codeine is part of the combined antitussive drugs Codelac, Terpinkod, Codterpin, “Cough Tablets”.

b) non-narcotic: butamirate (Intussin, Panatus, Sinekod, Stoptussin), glaucine (Glauvent, Bronholitin) ledin, oxeladin (Paxeladin, Tusuprex), pentoxyverine (Sedotussin).

2. Peripheral drugs: benproperin (Pectipront), prenoxdiazine (Libexin), levodopropizine, tipepidine (Bithiodine).

• These drugs affect the peripheral component of the cough reflex (inhibiting sensitive receptors of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract).
• In addition, they have bronchodilator and local anti-inflammatory effects.
• Herbal remedies can also soothe a cough: eucalyptus, licorice, which create a protective layer on the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract, as well as steam inhalations from these plants, which have a moisturizing effect.

When a patient comes to the pharmacy with complaints of cough, the pharmacist should ask about the nature of the cough. If the cough is dry and unproductive, then it is rational to offer the patient the above remedies.

If the cough is wet, it clears mucus from the bronchi and should not be suppressed. Prescribing antitussives for a wet cough can worsen the patient's condition, since sputum will stagnate in the respiratory tract. In this case, it is rational to offer the patient expectorants and mucolytics that help remove mucus from the respiratory tract.

Classification of expectorants and their characteristics

1.

Reflex action preparations: Terpinhydrate, Sodium benzoate, Licorin, herbal products (their preparations): thermopsis, thyme, oregano, violet, coltsfoot, plantain, eucalyptus, ivy (Gedelix), pine buds; licorice (Glyciram, Liquiriton), marshmallow (Marshmallow syrup), istod, elecampane, cyanosis, anise (Ammonia-anise drops), fennel, wild rosemary, as well as numerous combined preparations: Breast infusions, Breast elixir, Doctor Mom, Pertussin, Syrup from cough with plantain and coltsfoot.

These drugs irritate the receptors of the stomach, reflexively stimulating the vomiting and respiratory centers, which leads to increased bronchial peristalsis and increased movement of the cilia of the ciliated epithelium.

After absorption from the gastrointestinal tract into the blood, some drugs are excreted through the respiratory tract, causing increased secretion of the glands of the bronchial tree and dilution of sputum.

Herbal remedies also have an anti-inflammatory effect.

2. Resorptive drugs: ammonium chloride, potassium iodide and sodium iodide. After oral use, they are absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract into the blood and then secreted by the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, increasing the production of sputum and diluting it.

Mucolytic agents and their characteristics

acetylcysteine ​​(ACC, Fluimucil) destroys the disulfide bonds of acidic mucopolysaccharides of sputum, increasing its volume. Bronchial mucus becomes less viscous and adhesive. Used orally (after meals) and in the form of inhalations. Patients with a tendency to bronchospasm are prescribed with caution.

carbocysteine ​​(Mukodin, Bronchobos, Mucosol) activates the enzyme of goblet cells of the bronchial mucosa (sialic transferase), normalizing the quantitative ratio of acidic and neutral sialomucins in bronchial secretions.

Restores viscosity and reduces mucus secretion, promotes regeneration of the bronchial mucosa. Antitussives and m-anticholinergic agents weaken the effects of carbocisteine.

Used in the form of syrup, capsules, chewable tablets.

An important feature of these drugs is the ability to stimulate the production of endogenous surfactant, which regulates the rheological properties of bronchial secretions, improves its sliding along the epithelium, thereby facilitating sputum production.

Used orally, parentally, inhaled, rectally (Ambroxol). Antitussives reduce their effect.

Guaifenesin promotes the removal of sputum and is part of the combination drugs Ascoril, Stoptussin, Tussin Plus.

Stogova N.M.

01.01.2006

Source: http://mosapteki.ru/material?oid=307

Combination cough medications, combination cough medications

Scope of application of drugs

In recent years, to eliminate pathology, a combination cough medicine, which contains several components, is increasingly being combined with other types of medications. Combined agents provide:

• antitussive;
• bronchodilator;
• antihistamine;
• mucolytic;
• expectorant effects.

In addition, such medications may contain antipyretic and antibacterial substances.

Such drugs are considered highly effective and allow you to achieve the desired result after just a few doses.

At the same time, there are contraindications to treatment with their help and there is a high risk of developing a large number of side effects, depending on the amount of medicinal ingredients.

All this creates some problems in choosing the correct dosage and combining combined antitussive drugs with other medications. Treatment of diseases of the nose, throat, and lungs with the help of such medications in childhood is necessary under the supervision of a doctor.

The number of combination medications used for cough is quite varied.

When treating cough in adults, combination drugs such as Gerbion syrup, Doctor Mom, Bronholitin, Stoptussin and Codelac Fito are most often prescribed.

If inflammation of the respiratory tract leads to chest pain and discharge mixed with pus, then this condition requires emergency medical attention.

Review of combination cough medications

Cough is considered an unpleasant symptom that requires mandatory treatment.

In most cases, combination drugs contain components that have different effects on the symptom itself.

With their help, it is possible to suppress or enhance the production of sputum, making it less viscous. When coughing, they combine medications, tablets, suspensions and combination drugs in various forms.

Drugs for adults

The therapeutic effect of combination drugs against cough in adults depends on the amount of bioactive components they contain, such as flavonoids and saponins. Among the variety of medications for the treatment of cough and acute respiratory pathologies, experts give preference to the following:

• Doctor Mom is a medicinal combination drug that contains extracts of various plants that help achieve high efficiency. The main components of the medicine are licorice root, turmeric, basil, ginger and aloe. The form of release of such a medicine is syrup, ointments and pastilles. Doctor Mom does not contain any alcohol-containing elements, so it can be safely used in the fight against colds and acute diseases of the respiratory tract in children from 3 years of age. The main indication for taking this drug is acute laryngitis, pharyngitis, tracheitis and obstructive bronchitis.
• Stodal is a homeopathic remedy that can be used to treat any type of cough. The medication contains natural ingredients that have a pronounced expectorant and bronchodilator effect on the body. A contraindication to treatment with this drug is an allergic reaction to the components of the drug.
• Pectoral is a combined antitussive drug with a sweet taste and pleasant odor. The components of this medicine are thyme, primrose, plantain and senegia extract. Experts recommend using this remedy in the treatment of respiratory diseases of an infectious-inflammatory nature. Treatment with Pectoral allows you to accelerate the liquefaction of mucus and its removal from the respiratory tract.
• Eucabal contains liquid plantain extract and is available as a sweet syrup. The drug has a reflex effect on the bronchial glands and helps to remove secretory secretions from the ciliary epithelium in a short time. Eucabal is often prescribed for complications of acute bronchitis, and as a supportive agent in the elimination of whooping cough.

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Combined drugs help alleviate the patient's condition and relieve him of cough, but before taking them it is recommended to consult a specialist. It is important to find out the type of cough, evaluate the symptoms, pain and their causes. Doctors can select different research methods, taking into account the patient’s condition and the severity of the pathology.

Syrups for children

When a child has a cough, treatment is selected taking into account the age and complexity of the pathological process in the body. It is possible to stop the cough reflex in children after 3 years of age using the following combined means:

• Bronholitin is considered a fairly popular drug, which is prescribed by a specialist for the treatment of cough in children and adults. It contains ephedrine and glaucine, thanks to which it is possible to quickly stop bronchospasm, reduce the inflammatory process and remove phlegm. After just a few treatments, the patient’s condition noticeably improves and unpleasant symptoms disappear.
• Gedelix is ​​the only drug that can be used to treat respiratory tract pathologies in newborns. The medication contains herbal components that have an expectorant effect and have a complex effect on the child’s body. Gedelix stimulates the liquefaction of mucus and its removal, and is widely used in the treatment of acute respiratory infections, cough, bronchospasm and bronchitis.
• Tussamag is used in the treatment of diseases of the bronchial tree and lungs, when a dry cough greatly bothers the child. Contraindications to taking this medication are pathologies of the liver, kidneys and heart, as well as increased sensitivity of the body to components of plant origin.
• Codelac Broncho is a highly effective drug that directly affects the cough reflex at the level of the brain. The presence of other components in the medication gives the drug mucolytic properties, secretomotor and weak anti-inflammatory effects. The drug contains ambroxol, sodium bicarbonate, sodium glycerate, thyme extract or thermopsis herb. All components complement each other’s actions and help to cope with respiratory diseases of viral and bacterial origin in a short time.

Treatment of cough in childhood must be carried out under the supervision of a doctor and strictly adhere to the prescribed dosage.

 What are the combination drugs?

To eliminate various signs of the disease, combination drugs can be prescribed, which include paracetamol, antibiotics and antihistamines.

Flemoxin is a combination drug that contains mucolytics and antibiotics. Most often, this medication is prescribed to eliminate cough that develops with pneumonia, acute and chronic bronchitis.

If the cough is combined with an increase in body temperature, then treatment can be carried out using drugs that contain paracetamol and antispasmodics.

The combination of cough with swelling of the bronchial and nasopharyngeal mucosa requires the use of a medication that has an antitussive and antiseptic effect. To eliminate bronchiolitis, combination drugs such as Coldact, Phenylephrine, Gripex and Broncholitin can be prescribed.

Often a cough is accompanied by swelling of the mucous membrane of the respiratory system and itching, so treatment in such situations is carried out with the use of medications that contain antihistamines.

They have a calming effect on the inflamed mucous membrane and suppress the cough reflex.

To alleviate the patient's condition and eliminate cough, medications such as Toff Plus, Vic Medinite and Gripmax Night may be prescribed.

The combination of sympathomimetics with histamines enhances coughing and helps relieve swelling of the epithelium of the respiratory organs. Medicines such as Vokasept and Koldakt Broncho provide a good effect in eliminating bronchitis, tracheitis and other pathologies of the respiratory system.

  White nasal discharge, causes and treatment

If breathing problems and heavy discharge from the nasal cavity occur, he prescribes medications with an antihistamine effect. If pus appears in the sputum, taking such medications is strictly prohibited, since they can provoke thickening of the discharge and the development of frontal sinusitis, sinusitis and sinusitis.

Contraindications to treatment

Despite the high effectiveness of combined antitussive drugs in the treatment of pathologies of the respiratory system, in some cases their help will have to be abandoned.

It is important to remember that you should take such medications only as prescribed by a doctor and not self-medicate.

It is necessary to take the medication after studying the attached instructions and in the dosage prescribed by the doctor. Contraindications to treatment with such medications may include:

• hypersensitivity to the components that make up the drug;
• impairment of kidney and liver function;
• gastric and duodenal ulcers in the acute stage;
• tachycardia;
• myocarditis;
• diabetes mellitus in the decompensated stage;
• aortic stenosis;
• stomach bleeding;
• pregnancy;
• lactation period.

It is not recommended to combine combination medications with non-selective beta-adrenergic blockers and monoamine oxidase inhibitors.

Some medications are contraindicated for use in children under 12 years of age.

In addition, it is not allowed to use such medications against the background of lung diseases if there is a tendency to hemoptysis, including tuberculosis with bleeding and oncology.

Reception features

Before you start treating a cough, you need to determine what kind of cough it is: dry, painful or wet. The appearance of such a symptom always indicates that the respiratory tract has been damaged. If the cough is accompanied by a rise in body temperature, rhinitis and general malaise, then most likely the body has been affected by a respiratory disease.

Treatment of cough should be carried out both with the use of medications and in compliance with the following rules:

• It is necessary to ensure a drinking regime, because the intake of a large amount of liquid into the body allows you to restore water balance and accelerate the dilution of sputum. The patient needs to drink as much mineral water as possible and consume light food in small portions.
• Treatment of cough should be supplemented with inhalations, which can be carried out either using a nebulizer or using proven methods. It is recommended to carry out this procedure with a solution of medicinal plants with the addition of eucalyptus oil and soda.
• Medicines to combat cough should only be prescribed by a doctor, taking into account the complexity of the pathological process and the type of cough. Improper use of antitussive drugs can lead to the development of unpleasant side effects, which can further aggravate the patient's condition.

It is necessary to correctly select medications when treating cough, since the combination of mucolytic and expectorant substances with an antitussive agent is strictly prohibited. Their simultaneous use can result in blockage of the bronchi with phlegm and a deterioration in the patient’s condition.

With respiratory diseases, the functioning of the immune system is disrupted, so to increase the body's defenses it is necessary to lead a healthy lifestyle, walk a lot in the fresh air and eat right.

Cough is an unpleasant symptom that indicates the progression of respiratory diseases in the body. Combination cough medications, which can be selected taking into account the age of the patient, have a good effect in the fight against this disease.

The components they contain cause blocking of bronchospasm, dilute mucus, facilitate the process of its elimination and relieve inflammation. Despite the high effectiveness of this group of drugs, they should only be prescribed by a specialist.

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