How can you determine the presence of an adenoma without visiting a urologist?

Most men are afraid and embarrassed to see a doctor for a prostate examination. The number of people suffering from prostatitis and prostate cancer is growing every year. In order not to fall into the risk group for male diseases, you need to undergo regular medical examinations. How is the prostate checked in men? Do you need to prepare for this test method and what can you expect after a urological examination?

Indications

Checking the prostate gland through the rectum today is prescribed to all representatives of the stronger sex who have reached puberty. The examination is carried out regularly once a year. Some patients need to be examined by a urologist more often, especially if a man is at risk of problems or pathologies in the prostate gland:

If a man has crossed the age of 50.
If a malignant prostate tumor was diagnosed in first-degree relatives - father, brother or son.
If the man is of the Negroid race and is over 45 years old.
If a man smokes and abuses alcohol.
If he is overweight.
He has already suffered from genitourinary diseases and needs to be examined systematically;
He does not have a permanent partner, he has sex irregularly, which is why the secretion stagnates, or the man practices interrupted coitus without releasing ejaculate.
He is being treated with potent drugs that negatively affect the functioning of the male genital organs.
If a man has already had complaints about the health and functioning of the prostate gland: the temperature has risen, unpleasant or painful sensations have been observed in the pubic area, scrotum, there have been or are problems with urination, urge, a feeling of incomplete excretion of urine, malaise, blood in the urine, a burning sensation and etc.

Which doctor checks the prostate?

All diseases related to the prostate gland are treated by a urologist. But before you go to see this specialist, you need to take a referral from your general practitioner/family doctor.

This doctor will collect anamnesis, if necessary, give a referral for general tests, and at the same time write a referral for a consultation with a urologist. An andrologist also deals with diseases of the male reproductive system.

You may be referred to this specialist if problems with the prostate gland cause erectile dysfunction, impotence, or sexual dysfunction.

According to the World Health Organization, prostate cancer affects one in seven men. The appearance of suspicion of such a disease is revealed by examining the prostate.

Digital rectal examination, although not a visualization method, but refers to a physical examination, due to its simplicity, low cost and safety, remains an integral method for examining patients with risk factors for problems with the prostate gland. During a digital examination, lesions with a volume of more than 0.2 ml, the location of cancer, etc. can be detected.

Rectal examination of the prostate has low predictive value. This method cannot be considered sufficient for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer, therefore its data should be assessed in conjunction with the data of TRUS (transrectal ultrasound), MRI, biopsy and other research methods.

Progress of the procedure

Arriving at an appointment with a specialist, the doctor first collects an anamnesis - asks the patient what is troubling him, when the complaints began, what is the nature and intensity of his pain, etc. After this, the urologist palpates the prostate.

This research method is mandatory and is carried out immediately before other diagnostic methods:

The doctor washes his hands, then puts on gloves, lubricates the index finger with a special compound for better insertion of the finger into the client’s anus;
The specialist asks the patient to lie down on the couch, get on his knees and elbows so that the specialist has access to his anus. You can also take a horizontal position: lie on your right side and bend your legs;
After preparing and the patient taking the desired position, the urologist inserts a finger into the patient’s rectum;
He examines the prostate, checks it for the presence of nodes and lumps;
If during the examination the doctor does not find any problems, then the procedure ends. If he has any suspicions, then he will refer the man to undergo additional tests and studies.

It is impossible to independently determine pathological changes in the prostate by touch. Only a specialist can correctly interpret changes in the organ during palpation.

A healthy gland feels elastic and slightly hard to the touch. If it is soft, then this is the first symptom of the onset of prostatitis.

If the prostate gland is hard, then the doctor may suspect the presence of tumors, inflammatory processes and other pathological conditions.

Prostate examination - a painful procedure or not? With the correct technique for performing a digital examination, the patient should not feel pain. Discomfort may be present, and the patient may have an urge to go to the toilet.

Preparation

In order for a doctor to conduct a quality study, the patient must:

The day before consultation and reception, refrain from having sex, as well as oral sex and masturbation;
Do a cleansing enema the day before to achieve reliable diagnostic results. An enema can be done using an Esmarch mug, pouring regular boiled cool water or chilled chamomile decoction into it.

For an appointment with a specialist, the patient must prepare the necessary documents: passport, medical insurance, medical card, results of previous prostate tests (if any). You also need to remember what complaints the patient had and, if necessary, write them down on a piece of paper to voice to the doctor.

Is it possible and how to check the prostate yourself at home?

Doctors do not recommend checking the prostate gland on your own without the skills and medical knowledge to do so. But self-diagnosis can still be carried out, especially if a man begins to experience pain and burning when urinating, and he has a sluggish stream of urine.

Before self-diagnosis, you should give an enema or have a bowel movement naturally. Before the procedure, be sure to wash your hands with soap, cut your nails and put on a sterile glove. The index finger on the glove should be lubricated with Vaseline.

Having assumed a knee-elbow position, you should carefully and slowly insert your index finger into the rectum, trying to feel the gland. Sudden movements are not allowed. The finger should move gently, you should try to lightly massage the prostate. The prostate feels like an elastic ball, the contours of which should be clear.

The prostate gland should move slightly. A man may notice a longitudinal groove in the middle of the prostate; this is normal. If he finds nodules, compactions, blurred contours of the gland, or experiences acute pain during palpation, then he should immediately seek advice and help from a specialist.

It’s not difficult to check the prostate yourself, but if you do something wrong, you can injure the gland. Then the patient’s condition will only worsen, and an exacerbation may occur.

Even if a man discovers some problems with the prostate, he will still need to see a urologist to make a diagnosis.

And this specialist will re-palpate the prostate to determine the cause of the pathology and pain.

Other methods for examining the prostate gland

In addition to the digital rectal examination, the first and most popular research method, prostate problems can also be detected using:

Laboratory methods - by taking a blood test. Such a study shows the concentration of sex hormones, the activity of acid phosphatase, etc.;
Ultrasound – it can determine the size and shape of the prostate; Ultrasound helps identify diseases such as prostatitis, prostate adenoma, malignant or benign tumors;
Vesiculography is an X-ray examination of the seminal vesicles. This research method is prescribed to determine malignant cells both in the seminal vesicles and in the prostate. Such a study is prescribed by a surgeon to decide on an operation to remove the prostate in order to avoid the germination of cancer cells into the seminal vesicles;
Prostate biopsy – prescribed if prostate cancer is suspected;
Radioisotope research method - determines the presence of prostate tumors, and is also used to monitor the effectiveness of treatment of benign tumors, etc.

results

With a digital examination of the prostate gland, the doctor can determine various parameters that are responsible for the health of this organ, namely:

prostate size – from 27 to 43 mm;
prostate volume – from 19.6 to 23 cm3;
clarity of contours - they should be clear, not blurry;
symmetry of the lobules of the prostate gland, the groove should be clearly in the middle;
prostate density – it should be moderately dense;
mobility of the gland - relative to the walls of the rectum, the prostate should be mobile;
features of the secretion released during a digital examination - the prostatic secretion should have a characteristic odor, a cloudy grayish tint.

Where to get tested

There are two options:

Go to an appointment at the city clinic. The advantage is that the appointment will be free if you have a medical insurance policy. The downside is that you can wait outside the doors of your queue for more than one hour, and the attitude of the staff of city clinics is not always hospitable;
Go to an appointment at a private clinic. In paid medical clinics, employees value their reputation, so they treat each patient with respect, try to please him, and do everything possible to make him feel comfortable. The disadvantage of going to a private clinic is that you will have to pay not only for the test, but also for the appointment.

Examination of the prostate with a finger is the main, simple, cheap and informative method of examining the prostate gland. The completeness of the picture, as well as the success of the procedure, depends on the correct diagnosis at home or in the doctor’s office.

It is best to undergo regular examination by a urologist. This way, you will not only prevent the risk of injury to the prostate (during self-examination, you can damage the gland if you check it carelessly), but you will also be able to get a reliable picture of the health of the prostate.

Source: https://MedProstatit.ru/kak-proveryayut-prostatu-u-muzhchin.html

How to check the prostate in men, examination of the prostate by a urologist, methods of examining the prostate

Prostatitis is a serious male disease that, if left untreated, leads to complications such as:

impotence;
infertility;
serious mental disorders;
the appearance of malignant neoplasms.

It is necessary to regularly check the prostate and monitor the condition of the genitourinary system. It is this aspect of maintaining men's health that we will consider in the article. You will learn:

who needs to see a urologist for preventive purposes;
what symptoms indicate the need to see a specialist as quickly as possible;
what questions the doctor will ask;
how specialists check the prostate in men for inflammation;
what diagnostic methods are used;
Do you need to prepare for an initial appointment with a urologist?
How to diagnose the prostate yourself at home.

When should you have your prostate checked?

It is recommended for all men over 40 years old to visit urologists for prostate examinations for preventive purposes. It is advisable to do this once a year. Patients in the following groups are more often recommended to undergo preventive prostate examinations.

Men over 50 years old.
People suffering from obesity.
Patients whose relatives (fathers, brothers and sons) were diagnosed with urological diseases.
Men who have suffered from diseases of the genitourinary system.

In addition, it is necessary to undergo prostate examinations more often when taking medications that have a negative effect on the functioning of the pelvic organs.

A prostate examination should be performed as soon as possible if symptoms of inflammation of the gland are detected.

Increased body temperature.
Frequent urge to urinate (especially at night).
Difficulty emptying the bladder.
Pain when urinating.
Erectile dysfunction.
Discomfort during sexual intercourse.
Painful ejaculation.
Foreign discharge from the urethra.
Weakness and general malaise.

Primary examination of the prostate at an appointment with a urologist

Diagnosis of prostate diseases in men begins with a medical history. Here is a sample list of questions the doctor will ask.

How long ago did the symptoms appear?
Is there pain and where is it located?
How difficult is urination?
Do you have problems with potency?
Where do you work?
What kind of sex life do you lead?
Have you had problems with the genitourinary system before?
Do you have any previous illnesses?
What kind of lifestyle do you lead?

All this is needed to build a preliminary clinical picture. Therefore, do not distort the information and answer in as much detail as possible.

The next stage of diagnostics of the genitourinary system is a digital rectal examination of the prostate. It goes like this.

The doctor washes his hands, puts on gloves and lubricates the index finger with medical gel lubricant.
The doctor will ask you to lie on the couch and take a knee-elbow position or turn on your side.
The specialist inserts a finger into the rectum and feels the prostate for abnormalities.
A small amount of prostate secretion is collected for laboratory testing.

In normal condition, everything looks like this.

Prostate size is 27–43 mm.
The volume of the gland is 19.6–23 cm3.
There are no seals.
The prostate secretion released during palpation has no foreign odors.
The organ is moderately dense.
The lobules of the gland are the same size.
The contours are clear.
Mobility is present.

If abnormalities are detected, the doctor will give you directions for basic diagnostic procedures to accurately identify the etiology, form and stage of the disease.

Important! You need to prepare for your initial visit to the urologist.

The day before your appointment, avoid sex and masturbation.
On the eve of the examination, do a cleansing enema.

Basic set of analyzes

A complete urological examination for suspected prostatitis usually includes:

examination of prostate secretions;
urine tests (regular and bacterial);
general and biochemical blood tests;
examination of a smear from the urethra.

Examination of prostate secretions

Diagnosis of the prostate involves studying its secretions in the laboratory under a microscope. The study determines:

the nature of the microflora;
number of lecithin grains;
number of leukocytes.

An increased amount of the latter indicates inflammation. If there are bacteria in the secretion, the disease is infectious in nature.

We talked above about preparing for taking prostate secretions for examination at an initial appointment with a urologist.

General and bacterial urine tests

A general urine test is prescribed to determine:

the presence of foreign secretions;
leukocyte count;
the nature of pathogenic microflora;
erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

A bacterial urine test is aimed at determining the type of microorganisms causing the infection.

General and biochemical blood tests

The first type of diagnostic procedure provides general information about the patient's health. Biochemical analysis is aimed at assessing the condition of organs, disturbances in the functioning of which can provoke prostatitis.

Urethral smear examination

Prescribed for suspected presence of pathologies and diseases such as:

urethritis;
chlamydia;
gonorrhea;
ureaplasmosis.

Additional types of prostate diagnostics that a urologist can prescribe

Additional diagnostic procedures aimed at assessing the condition of the prostate are usually prescribed in the following cases.

There is not enough information to make an accurate diagnosis.
Treatment of the disease does not bring results.
There are suspicions of oncology and pathologies associated with prostatitis.

We list additional types of prostate diagnostics.

Transrectal ultrasound of the prostate

This is a very informative diagnostic procedure. In addition to prostatitis, it detects cysts, adenoma, and the presence of malignant neoplasms.

Transrectal ultrasound involves inserting an ultrasound probe into the rectum 5–7 cm. If you want to examine the seminal vesicles, the device is inserted a little deeper (7–9 cm). The duration of an ultrasound examination of the prostate usually does not exceed 15 minutes.

Transrectal ultrasound of the prostate requires preparation.

A week before the procedure, eliminate foods that increase gas formation from your diet.
Do not eat after 6:00 pm the day before the examination.
Before the procedure, cleanse the intestines using an enema or other methods.
An hour before the examination, drink 1 liter of water.

Usually, transrectal ultrasound examination of the prostate is sufficient to obtain the necessary information. Other additional diagnostic procedures are prescribed much less frequently.

Prostatography

This is an x-ray of the gland using a contrast agent. The procedure is suitable for diagnosing prostatitis and prostate adenoma. Prostatography is prescribed when it is necessary to urgently obtain accurate data on the condition of the organ. This examination does not require any prior preparation. You just need to empty your bladder before the procedure.

It is carried out like this.

A contrast agent is injected into the bladder (in some cases, directly into the gland).
The doctor waits a few minutes. During this time, the contrast agent enters the blood and is distributed throughout the body.
The specialist takes an x-ray in two projections (on the back and side).

After receiving the images, the doctor examines them and draws up a conclusion.

CT scan

It is prescribed if there is a suspicion that the prostate gland is filled with pus. In this case, it is necessary to urgently prescribe treatment. Computed tomography allows you to determine the direction of growth of the purulent sac for timely removal.

Prostate Health Index Determination

Involves taking blood for further laboratory testing. Detects all forms of prostatitis, as well as the presence of benign and malignant tumors. This is the most modern diagnostic method, allowing in 26% of cases to eliminate the need for a biopsy fraught with complications.

Find out more about the Prostate Health Index here.

How to check your prostate yourself at home?

Doctors do not recommend self-diagnosis, but you can check the prostate gland yourself at home.

First of all, you need to prepare for the procedure. For this:

empty your bowels naturally or give an enema;
cut your fingernails;
wash your hands thoroughly with soap;
Put a surgical glove on your right hand.

Now you can start checking the condition of the prostate gland. Act like this.

Lubricate your index finger with Vaseline or intimate lubricant.
Slowly and without sudden movements, insert your index finger into the rectum.
Try to feel the gland. The prostate feels like a ball to the touch.
Palpation examination involves gently palpating the prostate with slow movements, lightly massaging the gland.

We indicated the signs of deviations above. If they are detected, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Prostate prevention

There are various methods to prevent prostatitis. Among them:

taking medications prescribed by a doctor;
maintaining a healthy lifestyle;
use of dietary supplements;
diet therapy;
folk remedies;
physiotherapeutic procedures;
regular sex life;
sports and physical therapy.

The most effective way to prevent prostatitis without taking medications is physical therapy. The following have a positive effect on the prostate gland:

vibration massage of the organ;
warming up;
IR therapy;
magnetotherapy.

The maximum effect is observed with simultaneous impact on the pelvic organs in all four directions. This is exactly how the innovative Smart-Prost device we created works. Regular procedures in clinical or home settings:

improves blood flow in the organ;
relieves inflammatory processes and prevents their occurrence;
reduces the number of leukocytes in prostate secretions;
increases libido;
improves potency;
enhances orgasmic sensations;
relieves pain;
normalizes urination.

The feasibility of using the physiotherapeutic device we developed has been clinically proven. The effectiveness of fighting prostatitis with the use of Smart-Prost increases by 42%.

You can order an innovative vibrating massager by phone or by going to the main page. Before using Smart-Prost to prevent prostatitis at home, consult your doctor.

conclusions

Our main advice to middle-aged and older men is to never hesitate to contact a specialist if you notice signs of prostatitis. To quickly restore men's health, visit a urologist as soon as possible. Diagnosis and treatment of prostatitis in the early stages will be as fast, effective and inexpensive as possible.

Source: https://smartprost.ru/kak-proveryajut-prostatu-u-muzhchin/

Tests for prostatitis

The content of the article:

What tests for prostatitis need to be taken in the clinic, a detailed plan for examining the prostate gland and an interpretation of the results - this is discussed in this article.

Prostatitis is a disease that requires timely diagnosis. The sooner an accurate diagnosis is made, the more effective the treatment will be. The drug therapy regimen is determined after additional examinations. In addition, special analyzes are performed that help to find out what factor triggered the development of the process.

Diagnosis of prostatitis begins with consultation and examination by a specialist. The doctor listens to the patient’s complaints, studies the medical history, and, if necessary, refers for instrumental and laboratory tests. If there is a suspicion of acute or chronic prostatitis, the patient must undergo a series of specific tests that will help make a final diagnosis.

When should you get tested if you suspect prostatitis?

If you find yourself with the following symptoms, then you need to conduct tests to refute or confirm the diagnosis of prostatitis: • problems with urination (frequent urge, pain, urinary retention);

• erectile disfunction;

• burning in the perineum; • pain during bowel movements; • accelerated ejaculation; • long night erections; • high fatigue and psychological problems.

What tests are taken for prostatitis in men?

Prostatitis is a common problem that every man can face after 30-40 years. Therefore, it is advisable for all men to know what examinations are carried out if prostate inflammation is suspected.

Examination plan for prostatitis

1. General analysis of urine and blood. 2. Scraping from the urethra, analysis of prostate secretion, sperm and blood using PCR for all sexually transmitted infections (The essence of the method is to obtain the DNA of the pathogen and compare it with a database of all STIs, including HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C .). 3.

Culture of prostate secretions and determination of sensitivity to antibiotics. 4. Microscopic examination of prostate secretion. 5. Urine analysis for bacteriological culture. 6. Bacteriological examination of ejaculate. 7. TRUS and ultrasound. 8. Plus additional research.

But not in all cases it is possible to find the causative agent, that is, to make a diagnosis of bacterial chronic prostatitis, most often the causative agent is not detected.

But, if the patient has symptoms, then we are talking about abacterial prostatitis, the treatment of which is based mainly on suppressing chronic pelvic pain syndrome.

Let's take a closer look at what tests need to be taken for prostatitis.

Taking anamnesis for prostatitis

The andrologist or urologist asks the patient about previous chronic and acute diseases, operations on the genitourinary organs, what complaints concern him, when was the last time he was examined and, if so, what were the test results and diagnosis.

Palpation and massage of the prostate

There are cases when there are no symptoms of an acute inflammatory process, but there are prerequisites for the onset of chronic prostatitis. In such situations, functional tests and palpation of the prostate gland are indicated. The main test of manual examination is prostate massage.

The condition of the gland is judged based on the sensations that the massage causes. The consistency of the organ and its possible increase in size are also taken into account. In case of acute inflammation, prostate massage should not be performed! In this case, it can cause severe pain.

In addition, massage during acute inflammation can provoke the entry of pathogenic microbes into the blood. And this is very dangerous, because it can lead to such a serious complication as sepsis.

Laboratory tests for prostatitis

Tests for sexually transmitted infections

Before taking smears, scrapings or cultures for sexually transmitted infections, you must not:

• urinate 3 hours before taking the material; • use disinfectants; • use soap; • the last sexual contact must be at least 36 hours before taking the material; • use antibiotics or uroseptics orally.

Types of tests for infections in prostatitis

— Scraping from the urethra using PCR for all sexually transmitted infections (chlamydia, ureaplasma, gardnerella, mycoplasma, trichomonas, gonococcus, Candida fungi, etc.)

— Blood for infection using ELISA (IgA and IgM antibodies). — PCR diagnostics of prostate secretions, sperm and morning urine.

Urinalysis for prostatitis in men

A urine test is required. First of all, pay attention to the number of bacteria and leukocytes, identify the presence of macrophages and oval fat bodies. Urine culture may be performed to identify pathogens. A typical pathogen is Escherichia coli.

With catarrhal prostatitis, obvious changes are not always observed in a general urinalysis. In advanced forms of the disease, after a manual test, purulent threads that precipitate are noted in the urine.

Blood analysis

A general blood test for prostatitis shows an increased number of leukocytes with a shift of the formula to the left, an increase in ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate). These are typical signs indicating that there is an inflammatory process in the body. Based on the height of these indicators, one can determine the nature of the disease and its stage.

In some cases, inflammation of the prostate is of an allergic nature. Therefore, a blood test is performed for an allergic reaction. Blood is also taken from a vein for biochemical analysis. It is very important to determine electrolyte levels (blood urea nitrogen and creatinine), especially with obstruction and urinary retention.

Analysis of prostate secretions

The main tests that allow an accurate diagnosis are analysis of prostate secretions and bacteriological analysis of urine. These tests detect microbes such as: E. coli, staphylococcus, streptococcus, etc. Secretion analysis involves a microscopic examination of the secretion of the gland.

This method gives doctors the opportunity to find out whether there are unhealthy impurities in the secretion, how the inflammatory process proceeds, and what condition the prostate is in. A biochemical and cytological study of the secretion is carried out. In addition, culture is carried out, which makes it possible to assess the sensitivity of pathogenic flora to antibiotics. A study of secretions is indicated for chronic prostatitis.

The acute form of the disease must be excluded before analysis. And the collection procedure goes like this: the prostate is stimulated intrarectally, a secretion is released from the urethra (normally viscous and transparent), which is collected on a glass slide. The resulting samples are examined under a microscope. Normally, after about 20 minutes the material takes on the appearance of a fern.

In the case of prostatitis, only fragments are visible under a microscope.
If the massage does not lead to secretion, after stimulation it is necessary to collect urine for analysis. The accumulated secretions are also excreted along with the urine. This allows you to evaluate the necessary indicators by examining the urine itself. When inflammation reaches late stages and the process develops rapidly, obvious changes are detected in the composition of urine.

To determine the pathogens that caused acute inflammation, urine culture is performed.
When examining prostate secretion microscopically, attention is paid to leukocytes, lecithin grains, erythrocytes, epithelial cells, and macrophages.
In a healthy man, the number of leukocytes in the prostate secretion should not exceed 5 in the field of view. There are several ways to collect urine for analysis. In this case, care must be taken to prevent infection from the environment from entering the urine. The first method is to collect material for analysis using a swab. It is applied to the opening of the urethra so that it absorbs some urine. Before the procedure, the skin is disinfected so that infection does not penetrate into the collected urine. An infection can greatly affect the results of the analysis, up to a complete change in the picture. In this case, the procedure will need to be carried out again. A more reliable method is to collect urine using a urinary catheter. This eliminates the possibility of infection from the external environment. The material is collected under sterile conditions and the catheter itself must be sterile. The urine is placed in a sterile container and cultured on a nutrient medium. The results of the analysis become known in a few days. This time is necessary for the culture to grow and the type of pathogen to be determined. PCR diagnostics are also carried out. This test involves detecting hidden infections in the urine. The test helps identify the DNA of the pathogen. At the slightest hint of the presence of bacteria, the test turns out to be positive. This diagnosis helps determine the type of inflammation and its degree.

Bacteriological analysis of seminal fluid

An alternative to culture of prostate secretions is culture of seminal fluid. This study is resorted to if culture of the secretion did not give accurate results, or when the secretion could not be obtained in its pure form. Laboratory examination of ejaculate is also an accurate diagnostic method for inflammation of the prostate gland.

The information value of the study is explained by the fact that seminal fluid passes through the prostate and contains its secretion. In men suffering from prostatitis, a large number of leukocytes are detected in the seminal fluid. In addition, there are single erythrocytes.

There are clumps of weak or dead sperm called agglutinins. Their formation is associated with disturbances in the functioning of the immune system and the process of sensitization, which is triggered by the pathogen. In healthy men, the seminal fluid reaction should be acidic.

But under the influence of the inflammatory process it becomes alkaline, which has a bad effect on the viability of germ cells. With prostatitis, up to 80% of sedentary or dead sperm can be detected in semen.

In some cases, semen analysis reveals quantitative changes, i.e. the total number of sperm becomes smaller. This indicates the spread of inflammation to the testicular area. If modified germ cells appear, hormonal problems or genetic disorders may be suspected. With such a picture, a malignant process cannot be excluded. But it is impossible to say with one hundred percent certainty that this is precisely some stage of prostate cancer.

Urethral juice analysis

Another type of diagnosis is urethral juice analysis. The procedure is carried out using a probe with a tampon. The resulting material is subjected to laboratory testing.

The analysis makes it possible to determine whether the inflammation has spread to the urethra. The studies listed above are included in the list of basic analyses.

When prostatitis is combined with other diseases, a number of additional studies will be required that are aimed at identifying secondary pathologies.

Methods for additional diagnosis of prostatitis

Additional examination methods include:

- Ultrasound of the bladder. The fact is that infections in the urinary canal can lead to congestive prostatitis.

- CT scan. This method makes it possible to obtain a detailed picture of the pelvic organs.

— Transrectal sonography and transrectal ultrasound examination of the prostate (TrUS).

This ultrasound method helps the doctor see changes in the prostate gland using a rectal probe and allows you to assess the condition of the prostate and seminal vesicles.

In this case, the volume of formations is accurately determined. For prostate adenoma and malignant processes, this study is mandatory.

— Extended spermogram with MAR test and Kruger study. Indicated for men who cannot conceive a child. This study makes it possible to find out whether prostatitis has affected the ability to fertilize, that is, how the qualitative and quantitative composition of sperm has changed.

— PSA test. It is performed if a malignant tumor is suspected after the age of 45 years.

Interpretation of test results for prostatitis

- Analysis of urine. In healthy men, the leukocyte count is no more than 3. The detection of ketone bodies indicates the possible development of diabetes. There is no normal blood in urine.

— PCR diagnostics. The presence of DNA from pathogens of sexually transmitted diseases is determined.

- Examination of prostate juice. The content of leukocytes is not more than 12. Epithelia and red blood cells are normally rare. There should be no other indicators.

— Analysis of ejaculate. Its normal volume ranges from 2 to 6 ml. There is no mucus, leukocytes – no more than 1 million/ml. The number of live sperm should be at least half. Agglutination and aggregation should not be detected. According to the morphological structure, normal sperm should comprise from 40 to 60% of all germ cells.

- Ultrasound and TRUS. During the procedure, the specialist assesses the density and volume of the prostate. For seminal vesicles, the norm is no more than 5 cm.

Deviation of test results from the norm may indicate an inflammatory process in the prostate gland.

How to prepare for testing for prostatitis

The procedure for taking tests for prostatitis requires careful preparation. Otherwise, the research results may be unreliable. There is no need to limit the volume of fluid taken. However, 8 hours before the procedure, it is advisable to give up juices, coffee and alcohol. Urine should be collected in a clean container.

Before collecting it, a hygienic procedure without the use of detergents is necessary. You should not eat food with natural dyes (beets, blueberries, carrots, greens) and take medications with dyes (for example, ascorbic acid tablets). You should not take diuretics, antibiotics or other medications that affect the results.

Before collecting prostate secretions, you will need to massage it. This procedure is performed by a doctor. Three days of sexual abstinence are also required, but not more than 5 days. To prepare for a spermogram, sexual rest will have to be observed for 5 to 7 days. You can’t take a steam bath or take antibiotics. In addition, you need to give up carbonated drinks and alcohol.

Proper preparation for tests will make it possible to accurately determine the diagnosis and select the appropriate treatment.

Suppositories for prostate adenoma

In the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia, first-line drugs are alpha-blockers and 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors. Suppositories are used for prostate adenoma

Treatment of prostate fibrosis in detail

Prostate fibrosis is a consequence of long-term inflammation; changes in tissue structure against the background of scarring can lead to irreversible consequences. susceptible to pathologies

In detail What does NOT help with prostatitis

Prostatitis is an inflammatory process in the prostate gland, depending on the form, which can occur latently, give mild clinical manifestations, or, conversely, pronounced symptoms

Details List of drugs for prostate cancer

Drugs for the treatment of prostate cancer are no less important than surgical treatment, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Before choosing management tactics, the doctor takes into account many factors to ensure effectiveness.

Details

Modern methods for diagnosing prostate adenoma

Prostate adenoma is a common pathology in older men, characterized by long-term development. Symptoms of the disease are associated with impaired urination and a feeling of discomfort in the perineal area.

Timely access to a medical institution allows the patient to undergo the necessary diagnostic methods, including laboratory and instrumental studies.

It is important to note that during the examination, it is necessary to distinguish an adenoma from prostate cancer, as well as from benign hyperplasia (BPH), which differ in their prognosis for the patient and approaches to treatment.

Main symptoms

Symptoms of obstruction include difficulty urinating, prolongation of urination time, and a feeling of a full bladder after visiting the toilet. Irritative manifestations, i.e. associated with irritation, characterized by urinary incontinence, frequent urge to urinate, including at night.

Doctors distinguish three stages of development of prostate adenoma, each of which is characterized by certain features of complaints:

at the first stage of development of the disease, the man notes a slight increase in the number of urges to urinate, which also occur at night. Typically, patients do not go to the doctor, since there are no serious complaints. It is important to note that at the first stage of adenoma development, the patient may still notice the appearance of a “waiting” period when going to the toilet - urination does not occur immediately, but after 5 or more seconds, which is associated with a decrease in the lumen of the urethra;
the second stage of the disease is characterized by the development of a subcompensated state. The volume of the bladder in patients increases, and after going to the toilet there is always 150-250 ml of urine left in it. The process of urination is difficult and the man has to constantly strain his abdominal muscles to increase the pressure in the bladder. At this stage, urodynamic disturbances develop, which leads to the appearance of kidney pathology;
The third stage of prostate adenoma is associated with a man’s constant desire to go to the toilet. The residual volume in the bladder is 200-400 or more milliliters, which is associated with the loss of its tone. During urination, as well as with the urge to urinate, the patient experiences a feeling of discomfort or even pain in the abdomen. There are serious disturbances in the functioning of the bladder, ureters and kidneys, which leads to the development of renal failure.

Despite the pronounced clinical symptoms, it is possible to accurately diagnose prostate adenoma only with the help of additional research methods based on the use of instrumental or laboratory procedures.

Rectal examination

The procedure is carried out as follows. The doctor carefully inserts a gloved finger through the rectum and feels the prostate. It is very important to evaluate its size, shape, the presence of local compactions and the appearance of pain in a man upon palpation. This procedure becomes possible due to the direct presentation of the prostate gland to the rectum.

It is important to note that the information content of the procedure is quite low, however, if the doctor has extensive experience, he can easily determine pathological changes in the organ.

In this case, the study does not require special preparation of the patient and is carried out within a few minutes.

In addition to prostate adenoma, the procedure allows you to diagnose tumor lesions of this localization, the formation of hemorrhoids and polyposis of the rectal mucosa.

Source: https://prostatitaid.ru/adenoma-prostaty/diagnostika-adenomy/sovremennaya-diagnostika.html