Antibiotics for coughs in adults: which ones to choose and how to take them

The cough reflex is a human protective reaction that occurs during respiratory and infectious diseases, as well as allergies. In some situations, it is a symptom of serious and serious illnesses. Antibiotics for cough can be prescribed by a specialist after identifying its cause.

Should you take antibiotics when you cough?

Antibiotic therapy can become completely useless if the infection is viral. The action of antibacterial drugs is aimed at suppressing the cause of the inflammatory process, so taking them for colds does not make sense: they are not able to suppress viruses . Antiviral agents are more suitable for this.

Only a qualified specialist can establish the correct diagnosis and characteristics of the disease based on examination of the body.

Coughing is most often a sign of an inflammatory process occurring in the bronchi, pulmonary tract or trachea. If the urge to cough occurs against the background of an acute respiratory viral infection and is accompanied by fever, runny nose, and body aches, it is not advisable to use antibiotic therapy.

However, sometimes antimicrobial drugs can be used in severe cases of viral pathology, as well as if a bacterial component has been added.

Sometimes the cough reflex can be a manifestation of diseases not associated with damage to the ENT organs by bacteria, for example, with cardiovascular pathologies or diseases of the central nervous system.

When should you take antibiotics for a cough?

Before prescribing antibiotics for cough in adults, it is necessary to make an accurate diagnosis of the patient. Unreasonable prescription of the drug can cause a secondary infection and other unpleasant consequences.

It is important to remember that antibiotic therapy is prescribed in cases where the inflammatory process is caused by bacteria.

Antimicrobial therapy should be started when the following diseases are detected:

• inflammation of the lungs and bronchi;
• tuberculosis;
• inflammatory process in the pleura;
• whooping cough;
• angina;
• tracheitis.

In addition, antibiotics for coughs in adults are used:

• if inflammation progresses after antiviral treatment;
• with high fever and cough, as well as febrile syndrome lasting more than 5 days. In this case, a bacterial infection can be suspected - it rarely occurs without fever;
• if the lymph nodes are greatly enlarged;
• if the mucus in the nasal passages has become viscous and has a yellowish-green color;
• if pulmonary chlamydia or mycoplasma is detected;
• when severe shortness of breath and difficulty breathing occurs.

If inflammatory phenomena in the bronchopulmonary regions have developed due to the penetration of bacteria, and are not associated with a viral infection, it is necessary to take antibacterial drugs from the first day of illness.

Typically, specialists use monotherapy - treatment with one medication. The products are used in the form of tablets, granules or suspensions. Injections are prescribed for severe cases of the disease, as well as during exacerbations.

Rules for accepting funds

Antimicrobial medications are prescribed taking into account the spectrum of their therapeutic activity, since any drug acts on a specific type of microbe. You need to know the following:

• if the cough is accompanied by purulent mucus, it is best to undergo a bacterial culture before starting therapy;
• for a prolonged cough lasting more than 3 days, preference should be given to medications that have a broad spectrum of action;
• You should not prescribe the drug yourself: self-medication can lead to the development of complications and allergic reactions, as well as provoke the transition of the disease to the chronic stage;
• You should take the prescribed medication correctly: follow the dosage and frequency of administration, and also complete the course to the end;
• if no improvement is observed 1-2 days after the start of therapy, the drug should be replaced with another one.

To successfully cure the disease, other medications are prescribed together with antimicrobial therapy: antitussives and antipyretics, immunomodulators, mucolytics, vitamin complexes, as well as probiotics to restore intestinal flora.

What antibiotics are prescribed

• Penicillins. Used for primary bacterial infections. Substances of this group act on the cell membranes of microorganisms, destroying their vital functions. Not prescribed for pregnant women, kidney and gastrointestinal diseases, as well as allergic reactions.
• Macrolides. Antimicrobial drugs active against many pathogenic microbes. They provoke a minimum of negative reactions; tablets are used once a day.
• Cephalosporins. Medicines with a wide range of effects, most often used in injections for 7-10 days. Indicated when other remedies are ineffective, as well as for chronic coughing.
• Tetracyclines successfully suppress the synthesis of proteins of microorganisms, thereby provoking their death. Prohibited in the last stages of pregnancy and in case of liver pathologies.
• Fluoroquinolones are one of the most effective antimicrobial medications. Taken for prolonged coughing, as well as severe illness. They have good compatibility with other drugs, but can cause many negative reactions.

Effective antimicrobials

It is impossible to say unequivocally which antibiotic is the best. Only an experienced doctor will tell you the name of the drug, calculate the required dose and develop a treatment regimen.

For severe coughing

Antibiotic therapy for a severe cough will help quickly eliminate the infection and get rid of the painful symptom. The list of tools that can successfully cope with the task includes the following:

• Sumamed is a powerful azalide drug based on azithromycin. Quite an expensive remedy - three antibiotic tablets cost about 500 rubles.
• Amoxiclav is a medicine from the penicillin group. A good antibiotic for coughs accompanying acute and chronic pathologies of the respiratory system. Adults are prescribed in tablet form. Duration of therapy is 5-14 days.
• Suprax is a 3rd generation cephalosporin that successfully suppresses a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative microbes. Used for various infectious and inflammatory diseases of the bronchi and lungs.

For dry cough

The most effective antibiotics for dry cough are:

• Clarithromycin is a drug from the macrolide group with a similar active ingredient;
• Rovamycin is a macrolide based on spiramycin, produced in tablets;
• Cefuroxime is a cephalosporin medication produced in the form of a powder for injections;
• Flemoxin Solutab is an antibiotic in tablets. Used for intense dry spasms.

With phlegm

• Macropen – a drug in tablets and granules;
• Augmentin is a substance based on amoxicillin and clavulanic acid;
• Ceftriaxone is an excellent cough injection from the cephalosporin group;
• Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone that is active against a variety of aerobic gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.

Inexpensive antibiotics

There are cheaper analogues of some well-known medications that contain the same active ingredient.

Inexpensive but effective antimicrobial drugs include the following:

• Amoxicillin is a semi-synthetic penicillin with a broad spectrum of effects. It is used for various infectious and inflammatory pathologies of internal organs, including the ENT system. Price – 70 rub.
• Ampicillin is a medicine containing the active ingredient of the same name. Ampicillin for cough has a bactericidal effect against gram-positive and aerobic gram-negative bacteria. The duration of treatment depends on the severity of the infection and the characteristics of its course. Cost – 59 rubles.
• Azithromycin is a drug from the macrolide group. Produced in tablet form. Duration of use – 3 days, in the treatment of severe forms – 5 days. It has a bactericidal effect and effectively copes with the unpleasant symptoms of pneumonia, sinusitis, bronchitis, scarlet fever and other ENT diseases. Price – 120 rub.
• Doxycycline - an antibiotic tetracycline is produced in the form of tablets, capsules, and also powder for making a solution. The course of therapy is 3-5 days. Cost 30 rub.
• Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial drug belonging to the fluoroquinolones. Price 10 tablets – 35 rubles.
• Erythromycin is a drug from the macrolide group that has a bacteriostatic effect; in high doses it has a bactericidal effect. Price – 129 rub.
• Levomycetin is an antibacterial substance based on chloramphenicol. You can buy it for 115 rubles.
• Ofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone drug. It is used for all kinds of pathologies of the lower parts of the ENT system; it is prohibited during pregnancy. Price for 10 tablets – 23 rubles.

Is it possible to do without pills?

Abuse of antibacterial drugs can cause side effects, lead to microbial resistance to the substance used and the lack of effectiveness of therapy. Therefore, some patients prefer to do without the use of tablets, resorting to traditional medicine.

Many plants contain substances similar in their therapeutic effects to artificial drugs, but, unlike them, they do not have a negative effect on the body.

There are a large number of cough recipes based on plants that have an antibacterial effect. The most powerful natural cough antibiotics are:

• onion;
• garlic;
• turmeric;
• ginger;
• propolis;
• echinacea;
• black radish;
• cowberry;
• horseradish;
• cranberry;
• mumiyo;
• Kalanchoe.

Drinks and potions prepared using these products can stop the proliferation of microbes, strengthen the immune system, eliminate inflammatory processes, and suppress fungi.

It is worth remembering that any treatment, both traditional and using traditional medicine, must be agreed upon with the attending physician. A properly selected remedy will help get rid of the infection and eliminate the unpleasant symptom in a short time.

Source: https://pulmono.ru/drugie/kashel/antibiotiki-pri-kashle-u-vzroslyh

Antibiotics for coughs in adults - list of drugs and their use

Cough in 80% of cases is a consequence of infection entering the body. This is the most common symptom of respiratory diseases that occur under the influence of bacteria or viruses.

Antibiotics for coughs in adults are becoming the most effective method of treatment if they are of bacterial origin. They are the ones who quickly and effectively help fight most infections.

Only a doctor can prescribe these drugs. He knows the characteristics of various pharmacological agents, their focus and is able to take into account their effect on the patient’s body.

Scope of antibiotics

It should be remembered that cough antibiotics are effective only for diseases caused by a bacterial infection. To treat influenza, parainfluenza, measles, rotavirus infection or ARVI, other drugs are required.

If the patient has severe respiratory symptoms, self-treatment with antibiotics should not be started. Before this, you need to visit a doctor.

For colds or hypothermia, such therapy is also contraindicated. Such an effect on the body's microflora will do more harm than good.

Taking antibiotics in this case will only blur the clinical picture and cause harm to the body. Therefore, first a laboratory examination of the discharge of the nose and pharynx is carried out. And only after that treatment is prescribed.

If the disease has become severe or protracted, then it is best to fight it with antibacterial drugs that affect a wide variety of microflora. As a rule, at the same time, the doctor prescribes immunostimulants or vitamins.

Antibiotics for a severe cough are prescribed by a specialist to treat:

• Bronchitis;
• pharyngitis;
• pneumonia;
• pleurisy;
• tracheitis;
• laryngitis;
• chlamydia;
• sinusitis;
• tuberculosis.

Exceeding the dose of an antibiotic or, conversely, taking the drug haphazardly will not help get rid of the disease, but will cause side effects.

These diseases vary in their main symptoms, but they are all caused by some kind of bacterial infection. Usually the patient complains of a severe cough, lightheadedness, chest or side pain.

Antibiotics for coughs will very quickly help relieve all these manifestations. They will not only help you forget about them, but will also help you get rid of headaches, runny nose, general malaise, weakness, aching joints and other symptoms. To do this, you must strictly follow the dosage regimen, which is indicated in the instructions and developed by your doctor.

Classification of drugs

Typically, specialists prescribe antibacterial agents belonging to:

• Penicillins (Ampiox, Augmentin, Amoxiclav);
• macrolides (Clarithromycin, Roxithromycin, Azithromycin);
• cephalosporins (Cefotaxime, Cefpirome or Cefazolin).

It is necessary to choose a drug based on the range of pathogens for which it is destructive.

The longer the disease lasts, the wider the spectrum of action the antibacterial agent should have. Therefore, most often the doctor prescribes Amoxiclav as a medicine with universal effects.

In addition, the specialist closely monitors the patient’s changing well-being. If the condition improves, antibiotics are discontinued, and if the condition worsens, the drug is replaced with a more effective one. If the course of treatment is completed, but the cough does not disappear, it means that the antibacterial agent was chosen incorrectly or the person did not comply with all the doctor’s requirements.

Choice of antibiotic

Typically, for respiratory diseases the following are prescribed:

• Ampiox. It actively affects the inflammatory process, destroys infection and quickly improves the patient’s well-being. The drug is able to affect even resistant microflora.
• Ampicillin effectively eliminates the symptoms of respiratory diseases. However, it should be noted that it is contraindicated for people prone to allergic reactions.
• Augmentin affects severe, difficult-to-treat respiratory diseases. It is able to cope with barking, dry or wet cough. It is especially effective for pneumonia.
• Suprax is a modern drug that produces results even in the most difficult cases. It quickly relieves bronchospasm, helps remove phlegm and destroys infection.
• Ceftriaxone is prescribed for conditions of moderate and extreme severity. It is especially effective for severe coughing to the point of vomiting. As a rule, the drug is administered by injection and is most often used in a hospital setting.

Moreover, uncontrolled use can create resistance in the body to these drugs, after which it will be difficult to influence any disease.

Antibiotics for wet cough

A wet cough is always easier to treat than a dry cough. Therefore, it is necessary to take a sputum test to select an antibacterial agent. In addition, the doctor must make an accurate diagnosis and determine the drugs that are most effective for the therapy.

A wet cough often accompanies pneumonia or bronchitis. Therefore, it is prescribed simultaneously with expectorants. Together, they help to effectively eliminate irritation of the inner surface of the respiratory tract, reduce swelling, remove excess mucus and destroy infection.

Most often, the doctor prescribes:

The drug is used in the form of capsules, tablets, powders, and suspensions. Most often it is used for severe paroxysmal productive cough. This is a fairly strong remedy, so it is taken once a day.

Available in tablet form or in injection ampoules. It has a small number of side effects and contraindications, and also has a gentle effect on the body's microflora. The doctor decides how many times a day it should be used. The main condition that must be met is that the interval between doses is eight hours.

Used for many respiratory infectious diseases. It quickly and effectively destroys pathogenic microflora, allowing you to transform a dry cough into a wet one. One dose of the drug per day is enough.

Antibiotics are taken at the same time every day. They do not have a fast effect, like antitussive drugs that can stop any cough within 20 minutes.

To effectively fight bacteria, the active substance must accumulate in the body in small portions, which usually takes 3-7 days. Failure in the scheme of their use can lead to a decrease in the concentration of the drug in the blood and, as a result, the ineffectiveness of the entire treatment.

A week is usually enough for all the main symptoms to subside.

However, the first signs of improvement should be noticeable within the first three days. If this does not happen, then it is necessary to replace the drug.

Antibiotics for dry cough

Each antibacterial agent has a serious list of contraindications and incompatibility with other drugs. For a person without special education, it is impossible to understand these complexities.

For a non-productive cough, a completely different selection of pharmacological agents is needed. Typically, the underlying cause of the disease is a strong inflammatory process of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, as well as the effect of infection on the body.

In the absence of bronchial discharge, antibacterial drugs have the best effect. It is also necessary to take mucolytics.

In this case, antibiotics will be more effective for a runny nose and cough:

It is used to treat all parts of the respiratory system. Therefore, its use is indicated even for severe and chronic forms of diseases.

Most often it is prescribed for sinusitis, chlamydia, pharyngitis or laryngitis. Take it twice a day, one tablet. The course of therapy is at least six days.

If there is a special recommendation from a doctor, it can be extended for the same period.

It is based on azithromycin, which effectively affects infectious diseases of the respiratory tract. The drug is available in the form of granules, tablets or powder. It should be taken three times a day.

Prescribed for severe pathologies with severe symptoms. Most often it is used for bronchitis or pneumonia. The treatment regimen is determined by the doctor.

Antibiotics for dry cough quickly have a positive effect on the patient’s well-being. However, they should not be taken without a prescription from a specialist, despite the fact that they are sold freely in pharmacies.

These are very strong drugs; individual intolerance to the active substance or the wrong choice of drug can have a detrimental effect on the patient’s body.

Recommendations and Cautions

As already mentioned, antibiotics should only be used under the strict supervision of a physician. The trouble is that many people consider them to be an absolutely harmless medicine that is suitable for treating absolutely any ailment.

This has led to doctors around the world sounding the alarm due to the loss of sensitivity of many pathogens to antibacterial drugs. If the trend continues, then in the future it will be very difficult to select medications for the treatment of seriously ill people.

Side effects

You should know that among the main side effects of antibiotic use are:

• Ineffective for viral diseases;
• dysbacteriosis;
• negative effects on the liver;
• decreased immunity;
• individual intolerance;
• hearing loss;
• negative effect on the kidneys;
• danger of use for people suffering from stomach and duodenal ulcers;
• inadmissibility of use during pregnancy, etc.

Therefore, a specialist who is familiar with all types of contraindications, taking into account the patient’s general medical history, selects the optimal type of drug for him, as well as drugs that can correct side effects.

Contraindications

Antibiotics are prescribed only if they cannot be avoided. If the drug is not indicated, then it is contraindicated. This is the basic principle of antibacterial drug therapy.

For cough, an antibiotic should be taken only with a clearly established differential diagnosis, since each of these medications has its own range of infections that it is aimed at.

Most often, antibacterial substances are prescribed for bronchitis, pneumonia, pleurisy, laryngitis, tracheitis and other pathologies, the main symptom of which is cough.

However, it should be borne in mind that respiratory manifestations do not accompany every infectious disease. Cough often accompanies cardiac diseases, nervous system pathologies, allergies, and gastrointestinal dysfunction. It is clear that in these cases antibiotics will be ineffective.

In addition, uncontrolled use of such drugs significantly weakens the defenses, opening wide the gates of any incoming infection.

People suffering from chronic diseases sometimes find it quite difficult to tolerate taking antibacterial drugs. They cause massive destruction of pathogenic flora, which, during processes of cellular decay, can provoke severe intoxication or an allergic reaction in the body.

Almost every disease of the respiratory system that is infectious in nature is accompanied by a cough. Therefore, antibiotics are the drugs of choice in these cases.

Despite the fact that they are the optimal type of treatment for many diseases, only a doctor can prescribe these antibacterial agents. It is necessary to know the exact diagnosis, the type of pathogen, the patient’s health status, as well as concomitant diseases.

Antibiotics are discontinued only after permission from a specialist. Temporary relief does not always mean recovery. Otherwise, all therapeutic measures taken may be useless.

Antibiotics – School of Dr. Komarovsky

Source: https://pneumoniae.net/antibiotiki-pri-kashle-u-vzroslyh/

20 most effective antibiotics for cough treatment

The most likely causes of cough requiring antibacterial therapy include tracheitis, pneumonia or bronchitis of bacterial origin.

The diseases are characterized by damage to the lower respiratory system - lungs, bronchi, larynx, trachea. An antibiotic for cough does not eliminate the symptom itself, but the cause of its occurrence - pathogenic bacteria.

The drug destroys pathogenic flora, restoring the functions of the affected organs. The choice of antimicrobial agents is determined by the type of infectious agent.

When are antibacterial drugs needed for a cough?

If you cough with yellow or green sputum, antibiotics are prescribed. The characteristic shade of mucus indicates bacterial inflammation of the ENT organs, which can only be eliminated with antimicrobial agents. They are used in the treatment of a number of respiratory diseases:

• bronchitis;
• tuberculosis;
• tracheitis;
• pneumonia;
• laryngitis;
• nasopharyngitis;
• tracheobronchitis.

Broad-spectrum antibiotics destroy most of the bacteria that infect the ENT organs. For cough and fever, drugs from the group of macrolides, penicillins, fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins are used.

Why should a doctor prescribe antimicrobial drugs?

To find out which antibiotic is best for a cough, it is necessary to determine the causative agent of the infection. Some pathogenic bacteria are resistant to the action of penicillin antimicrobial agents. Therefore, doctors prescribe tablets to patients only after receiving the results of bacterial culture of a throat smear or sputum.

Treatment of cough with antibiotics will be effective only in the case of bacterial infection of the respiratory system. It is strictly forbidden to use drugs for colds, flu, parainfluenza and other viral diseases. They reduce overall immunity, which creates conditions for the proliferation of pathogenic microbes.

If the disease is viral or allergic in origin, then antitussive antibiotics do not help. They only fight infections.

Antimicrobial drugs partly have a negative effect on the human body. When taking tablets, not only pathogenic but also beneficial bacteria are destroyed.

Therefore, during antibacterial therapy for pneumonia, tuberculosis or tracheitis, probiotics are prescribed in parallel - Linex, Bifiform, Lactiale, etc.

They contain strains of live lactobacilli that normalize intestinal microflora.

In some cases, coughing is caused by an allergic reaction. In the process of coughing, allergens and dust particles are removed from the respiratory system. In such situations, antihistamines are prescribed, but antibiotics will not help.

20 most effective and safe cough antibiotics

Cheap antibiotics are effective for moderate and severe bacterial ENT pathologies. The list of the best drugs includes drugs from the group of penicillins, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines and cephalosporins. Aminopenicillins are usually prescribed to relieve cough in uncomplicated diseases.

Amoxil

The semisynthetic antibiotic contains components from the penicillin group - amoxicillin. Suppresses the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, which leads to their death. A broad-spectrum medicine is used for lingering coughs caused by the following diseases:

• pneumonia;
• laryngitis;
• sinusitis;
• pharyngitis;
• tracheitis;
• nasopharyngitis;
• laryngitis.

When the infection worsens, adults take 2-4 tablets twice a day. In case of severe pneumonia, the number of doses of the drug is increased to 3 times a day.

Ampicillin

A semi-synthetic, cheap cough antibiotic belongs to the penicillin group. Shows a pronounced bactericidal effect against staphylococci, enterococci, streptococci, etc. Used in the treatment of such pathologies:

• bronchitis;
• lung abscess;
• sinusitis;
• angina;
• pneumonia;
• pharyngitis, etc.

Ampicillin in powder form is intended for intramuscular administration. It is first diluted with 1 ampoule of water for injection. For moderate ENT pathologies, 0.5-1 g of antibiotic is administered every 7 hours.

Azithromycin

To eliminate inflammation in the ENT organs with sluggish bronchitis, pneumonia, sinusitis and pharyngitis, an antibiotic from the macrolide group is prescribed. Azithromycin has less toxicity than other antimicrobial agents. Therefore, it is used even in pediatrics.

Azithromycin tablets are used with caution in cases of moderate renal or liver failure, pathological heart conditions, and also when taken together with certain other medications.

Antibiotic for cough for adults in 3 tablets is recommended to be taken for 3 days, 500 mg per day. If necessary, Azithromycin for coughs is replaced with cheaper analogues - Z-factor, Azitrox.

Ampisulbin

This antibiotic for dry cough in adults is prescribed for severe bacterial inflammation of the lower or upper respiratory tract. A medicine from the penicillin group is injected into a vein or muscle. First, the powder of 1 ampoule is diluted with 3 ml of water for injection.

The dosage of Ampisulbin is determined by the severity of the pathology (daily dose):

• light – 1.5-3 g;
• medium-heavy – no more than 6 g;
• heavy – up to 12 g.

If kidney function is impaired, reduce the dose and frequency of use of the drug.

Amoxiclav

The drug based on amoxicillin and clavulanic acid is available in the form of a suspension for oral administration. Amoxiclav for coughing in adults is prescribed in a dosage of 500 mg three times a day. For acute bacterial sinusitis, community-acquired pneumonia and sluggish bronchitis, the dose is adjusted depending on the severity of the disease.

Amoxiclav for dry cough for children is used only as prescribed by a doctor. Patients weighing up to 40 kg are prescribed no more than 20 mg of the drug per kilogram of weight.

Ceftriaxone

Cephalosporin antibiotics for dry cough in adults are used for severe respiratory diseases:

• pneumonia;
• sluggish bronchitis;
• lung abscess;
• pleurisy.

Before using Ceftriaxone, a skin test is performed to determine the degree of sensitivity of the body to the drug. Cough tablets are taken 1-2 pcs. every 24 hours. If necessary, increase the dose by 2 times - up to 4 tablets per day.

Sorceph

The drug in the form of a suspension contains cefixime, which is a third generation cephalosporin. Antibiotics for coughs are active against more than 89% of bacteria that affect the respiratory system. Sorcef is prescribed for inflammation of the lower and upper parts of the respiratory system.

Children over 10 years of age and adults take 400 mg of antibiotic once. Eating does not affect the effectiveness of the medicine. The course of antimicrobial therapy is 7 days.

Vilprafen

Macrolide antibiotics for wet coughs are used as an alternative to penicillins in cases of hypersensitivity to their components.

Children over 5 years old take the medicine based on their weight - no more than 50 mg per 1 kg of weight. For pneumonia or bronchitis in adults, up to 4 tablets per day are prescribed for 2-4 doses.

In severe cases, it is recommended to increase the dosage to 5-6 tablets per day.

Suprax

The third generation cephalosporin drug has a pronounced bactericidal effect against coccal infections. Available in the form of a suspension and tablets for oral administration. Adults and adolescents take 400 mg of medication in 1 or 2 doses.

Scientists have found that bacteria and viruses are able to adapt to the action of antibiotics, becoming resistant to them, producing special substances - beta-lactamases. This means that antibiotics are not omnipotent.

Antibiotic cough syrup for children is pre-shaken to dissolve the sediment. The dose is determined by the doctor taking into account weight, age and severity of the disease.

Takstam

Unlike second-generation cephalosporins, Takstam has a wider spectrum of action. The drug is available in powder form for injection.

For severe coughs and runny noses in adults, these antibiotics are used to treat abscesses in the respiratory system, purulent pneumonia, bronchitis, nasopharyngitis, etc.

For children weighing over 50 kg and adults, Takstam is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. First, the powder of 1 ampoule is diluted with water for injection. The daily dose of antibiotic does not exceed 12 g. It is divided into 3-4 doses, that is, every 6 hours.

Loraxim

Powder for injection contains cefotaxime, a cephalosporin antibiotic. For a wet cough accompanying pneumonia, tracheitis or pleurisy, 1 g of the drug is prescribed every 12 hours. The powder ampoule is pre-dissolved in 4 ml of water for injection. For cough attacks and diffuse pneumonia, the dose is increased to 3-4 g per day.

Cephobid

The cough medicine destroys the cell membranes of bacteria, eliminating inflammation in the respiratory system. Cephobid is effective against pathogens that produce penicillinase, that is, resistant to penicillins. The standard dose for adults is 4 g, and for children - 2 g twice a day.

Foxero

Beta-lactamate drugs are the best antibiotics for barking cough. Foxero contains cefopodaxin, which is not inactivated by most pathogenic bacteria. Available in the form of a suspension for oral administration. Included in the treatment of such diseases:

• pharyngitis;
• sinusitis;
• community-acquired pneumonia;
• sluggish bronchitis.

Take 200-400 mg with meals twice a day.

Sulbactomax

The combined antibiotic contains sulbactam and ceftriaxone, which provide high antimicrobial activity and resistance to penicillinase. For coughs caused by ENT infections, take 1.5-2 g of the drug twice a day. Newborns and children under 3 years of age are prescribed no more than 50 mg of ceftriaxone per 1 kg of body weight.

Zinatsef

Second generation cephalosporins are active against bacteria that are resistant to penicillins.

Zinacef is prescribed to persons who have been exposed to unknown forms of bacteria, as well as to known types of microorganisms on which it has a significant effect.

Taking antibiotics for cough is indicated during treatment:

• tonsillitis;
• bronchiectasis;
• sluggish bronchitis;
• lung abscess;
• pneumonia.

The medicine is administered intravenously or intramuscularly at 750 mg per day, divided into 3 doses.

Sulceph

Powder for injection from the group of cephalosporin antibiotics contains two active components - cefoperazone and sulbactam. It is used exclusively parenterally, that is, intravenously or intramuscularly. If coughing attacks are caused by inflammation of the respiratory tract, prescribe 2-4 g of cefoperazine per day. For children, the dose is determined by weight - up to 40 mg per 1 kg per day.

Tulikson

The combined antimicrobial agent with ceftriaxone is available in powder form for injection. To relieve cough due to bacterial infection of the respiratory system, 1.5 g of the drug is dissolved in Lidocaine. The prepared solution is injected into the gluteal muscle.

Ofloxacin

Ofloxacin is used to treat cough only for bacterial inflammation of the respiratory system:

• community-acquired pneumonia;
• bacterial sinusitis;
• nasopharyngitis;
• sluggish and acute bronchitis.

The antibiotic is taken in doses of 200-400 mg per day. The duration of therapy is no more than 10 days.

Ozerlik

It is recommended to take tablets from the fluoroquinolone group for coughs caused by bronchiectasis, purulent tonsillitis, cystic fibrosis, etc.

For a bacterial infection in the respiratory system, take 200 mg of antibiotic twice a day. In the case of purulent inflammation of the bronchi, the duration of therapy is 7-10 days.

For swelling of the hypopharynx, a single dose of 400 mg of the drug is recommended for 7 days.

Avelox

Moxifloxacin-based tablets are used for complicated bacterial infections. Avelox exhibits bactericidal activity against intracellular microbes. The average daily dose for an adult for cough without fever is 400 mg. The duration of treatment for upper respiratory tract diseases is 7 days, for pneumonia – 10 days.

Other drugs

Antimicrobial drugs can cause severe side effects - dysbiosis, secondary immunodeficiency, diarrhea, dehydration, etc. Therefore, pharmaceutical drugs for severe coughs are prescribed only by a doctor.

The list of antibiotics for coughs for adults with bacterial infections includes:

• Flemoxin Solutab;
• Moximac;
• Sumamed;
• Augmentin;
• Vigamox;
• Azlocillin;
• Plevilox;
• Gramox;
• Oxamp;
• Doxycycline, etc.

Some drugs should not be given to children and should not be taken if there is kidney or liver dysfunction. Therefore, before taking antibiotics, you should consult with an ENT doctor.

Which groups of antibiotics are taken with caution?

Infectious disease specialists identify groups of antimicrobial agents that cause strong side effects. Some increase the risk of microbial resistance to antibiotics, while others impair liver and kidney function. You should take medications from the cephalosporin group with caution. They are prescribed in cases where penicillins or macrolides do not help.

For mass availability, WHO recommends the use of semi-synthetic penicillin drugs - Amoxicillin, Ampicillin. Rational use of potent drugs reduces the likelihood of adverse reactions.

Source: https://kashelproch.ru/lechenie/aptechnye-sredstva/antibiotiki-ot-kashlya

Everything you need to know about antibiotics for coughs in adults

Antibiotics for coughs are indicated only if a bacterial infection is suspected. With a viral or fungal process, medications will be useless and even harmful.

An antimicrobial drug should be prescribed by a doctor after receiving a response to the sensitivity of the flora that caused inflammation of the respiratory tract. In practice, treatment is prescribed on the basis of clinical protocols for the treatment of respiratory infections.

The use of antibiotics for cough in adults has strict indications and features, non-compliance with which can lead to disastrous consequences.

How to choose antibiotics for coughs in adults - recommendations and warnings

Self-prescribing a cough antibiotic is strongly discouraged.

This is due to the fact that a person without medical education does not have the following information:

• Is antibacterial medicine necessary for this type of cough?
• Which drug to prescribe in each specific case;
• How to correctly evaluate the effectiveness of treatment;
• What analogue can replace an ineffective antibiotic.

The main problem is the lack of treatment control, discontinuation of the medication at the first symptoms of improvement.

This can cause the development of a chronic infectious process of the respiratory tract, the formation of resistance in pathogenic bacteria to the simplest and safest antibiotics.

The resistant flora is subsequently not so easy to neutralize even with stronger antibiotics, which leads to constant exacerbations of the disease.

We also have an article on antibiotics for coughs in children, which may come in handy!

• But if there is no alternative and you need to carry out treatment yourself, you need to adhere to clear rules for prescribing medications and taking them.
• Treatment of cough with antibiotics depends on the symptoms that accompany the disease.
• Main characteristics of a bacterial respiratory tract infection:

• Acute development;
• Increased fatigue, malaise;
• Productive cough, that is, with sputum production;
• Green or yellow sputum;
• Increased body temperature to 38 °C;
• The presence of wheezing when breathing.

It is necessary to choose a medicine based on clinical recommendations for the treatment of infectious diseases of the respiratory system. The use of antimicrobial agents depends on the severity of the process.

Types of antibiotics

The most effective groups of antibiotics for coughs caused by bacterial infections:

1. Penicillins;
2. Macrolides;
3. Cephalosporins II-III generation;
4. Respiratory fluoroquinolones of III-IV generation.

Video: antibiotics for coughs, what is it?

The drugs are presented in various forms of the medicinal substance:

• Tablets are better for home treatment;
• Powders for preparing a solution for intramuscular administration.

Important! Antibacterial agents when administered intramuscularly and intravenously can cause allergic reactions, for example, laryngeal edema, so a sensitivity test must be performed before using them.

For what diseases is antibiotic treatment prescribed?

Not all pathologies of the respiratory system require antibiotics. Cough can be caused by many reasons. Two pathologies require the prescription of antimicrobial agents:

• Acute bronchitis or exacerbation of chronic;
• Pneumonia or pneumonia.

Important! According to the recommendations of the American College of Physicians, more than 80% of cases of bronchitis are caused by viruses, so prescribing antibiotics is inappropriate.

If signs of bronchitis appear - a wet cough with mucus discharge, the use of expectorants that will help remove sputum, antipyretic drugs as indicated, inhalations and warming of the chest is indicated. If within 3 days there is no effect of treatment or there are negative dynamics in the form of an increase in temperature, the appearance of pus in the sputum, then you need to start taking antibiotics. At the same time, other medications and physical procedures are not canceled.

A cough can be a symptom of pneumonia, the clinical picture of which is as follows:

• Malaise, increased fatigue;
• Temperature rises to 39 °C;
• Heaviness, pain in the chest, under the shoulder blades;
• Shortness of breath that was not there before;
• Increased breathing;
• Cough with purulent sputum.

The diagnosis of pneumonia is made only on the basis of a chest x-ray. It also makes sense to take a clinical blood test, which will reveal an increase in leukocytes.

Uncomplicated pneumonia can be treated at home, but the general condition must be monitored. Adults are prescribed complex treatment - one antibiotic and cough expectorants.

Which drug is better to choose

All patients receiving antimicrobial agents at home can be divided into two groups. The prescription of different types of drugs depends on belonging to one of the groups.

Group 1 - patients who do not have serious pulmonary or other concomitant pathologies and have not taken antibiotics for more than two days for 3 months. The drug of choice is a representative of the penicillins – Amoxicillin or Azithromycin. In case of ineffectiveness or individual intolerance to these drugs, treatment is carried out with fluoroquinolones of the III-IV generation.

Group 2 – patients with concomitant pathology of the respiratory system, immunodeficiencies, diabetes mellitus. Also those who took an antibiotic for more than two days within 3 months. Treatment is carried out with Amoxiclav or Cefuroxime. In case of drug intolerance, macrolides or fluoroquinolones of the III-IV generation are prescribed. As a last resort, Ceftriaxone injections are indicated.

To choose which antibiotic is best to prescribe for an adult’s cough, you need to determine the group to which the patient belongs. It should be borne in mind that some drugs, for example, Azithromycin, are taken 1 tablet per day for 3 days in a row. But such short-term treatment will be ineffective for severe bronchitis or pneumonia.

When choosing Ceftriaxone for therapy, you need to remember that intramuscular injections must be given by a trained person after testing for allergic predisposition. If the technique for preparing a solution for injection or giving an injection is violated, post-injection infiltrates and abscesses can form.

Rules for taking antibiotics for coughs

When prescribing antibiotics for cough, adults must follow strict recommendations:

1. Drink the medication strictly at the same time after the prescribed number of hours. For example, Amoxicillin is indicated to be taken every 8 hours, that is, 3 times a day. This means that the reception hours are 6 am, 2 pm and 10 pm. Strict time intervals are necessary to maintain a constant concentration of the active substance in the blood.
2. There are no strict rules on how to take pills before or after meals. Individual recommendations for each drug are written in the instructions. You need to take the tablet with clean water.
3. The course of treatment lasts on average 7-10 days. For pneumonia, the end of therapy usually corresponds to the third day after the temperature drops.
4. The effectiveness of the action should be assessed 2 days after the start of treatment. If there is no effect or shortness of breath, chest pain, or increased breathing rate increase, you need to change tactics. It is best to continue therapy with a doctor.
5. If you have severe kidney or liver pathology, you should consult a doctor, as it is necessary to select an individual dosage of the medication.
6. If side effects develop, the drug should be replaced.
7. After a course of antibiotic therapy, you need to take probiotics - drugs that normalize the intestinal microflora. This is necessary because during therapy, beneficial bacteria involved in digestion die, and diarrhea or constipation may occur. Bifiform and Linex populate the intestines with new microflora.

Choosing an antibiotic - list of the most popular

The list of antibiotics for coughs in adults contains the following drugs:

1. Penicillins include Amoxicillin, protected penicillins – Amoxicillin and Clavulanic acid.
2. Macrolides are represented by Azithromycin, Clarithromycin.
3. Cephalosporins of the II-III generation - Cefuroskim, Cefaclor, Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone.
4. Respiratory fluoroquinolones of the III-IV generation - Levofloxacin, Gatifloxacin.

Treatment of cough with antibiotics is carried out according to a stepwise principle. First, the easiest drugs in tablets are prescribed; if they do not help, then more modern and effective ones are used. This is necessary to prevent resistance of pathogenic flora to antimicrobial agents.

During therapy, the manifestations of infection may change, but this does not mean that the drugs are ineffective. For example, dry and wet cough can be symptoms of the same disease, only at different stages of treatment.

At the beginning of bronchitis, the patient is bothered by a wet cough, but with sputum that is difficult to separate. Then the mucus begins to recede. Purulent sputum is replaced by mucous.

At the end of the disease, a dry cough appears as a residual phenomenon of inflammation.

Antibiotics for wet cough

For acute infection accompanied by cough, adults need to take the antibiotic Amoxicillin. It is prescribed 500 mg orally every 8 hours. Clavulanic acid-protected Amoxicillin is prescribed 1 gram twice a day.

Azithromycin may be an alternative. You need to take 500 mg tablets once a day at 24-hour intervals for 3 days.

Levofloxacin 500 mg 2 times a day is also used for therapy after 12 or 24 hours. The interval is prescribed depending on the patient’s condition.

Antibiotics for dry cough

A dry cough in itself does not require antibiotics. If, during treatment with an antibiotic, a wet cough turns into a dry one, then you must continue to use the same drug.

If a dry cough persists after finishing antibiotic therapy, you should sign up for physical therapy to restore normal functioning of the respiratory system. This is especially important after suffering from pneumonia.

Antibiotics for severe cough

Chronic cough requires treatment with strong drugs. Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid are prescribed. If there are contraindications, then taking Cefuroxime 500 mg twice a day every 12 hours is indicated. In case of ineffectiveness, Clarithromycin tablets 500 mg twice a day. Gatifloxacin 400 mg once a day.

Injectable antibiotic for severe cough - Ceftriaxone. Injections of 1 gram 2 times a day intramuscularly.

Side effects

Each group of cough medications has its own undesirable consequences, but some are similar:

1. Allergic reactions: urticaria, laryngeal edema, anaphylactic shock;
2. Heartburn, nausea, vomiting;
3. Dysbacteriosis: diarrhea, constipation, flatulence;
4. Thrush;
5. Hemolytic anemia.

Important! You should start taking antibiotics for a cough only after becoming familiar with the side effects, so that if they develop, you can take action or replace the drug.

Conclusion or do we really need antibiotics for coughs?

Infectious diseases of the pulmonary system caused by bacteria definitely require the use of antimicrobial agents. Without therapy, cure is practically zero.

At home, it is impossible to conduct bacteriological studies to determine pathogenic flora and its sensitivity to drugs.

Therefore, if you have doubts whether you need an antibiotic for a cough, it is better to consult a doctor.

Source: https://MyKashel.ru/preparaty/primenenie-lekarstv/antibiotiki-vzroslym.html