Cough with tracheitis: diagnosis and treatment of the disease

Viruses provoke rhinitis in one person, bronchitis in another, and combined diseases in a third. The membranes of the trachea are often attacked by infection. Normally, they should trap bacteria, dust and allergens to protect the lungs. When immunity decreases, the mucous membranes themselves become a target for microbes.

The pathology is called tracheitis, and is often combined with inflammation of the bronchi, larynx and nasopharynx. Tracheid cough is characterized by pain; it attacks a person in attacks, disrupting sleep and wakefulness. The condition requires proper treatment, otherwise the disease will become chronic, and the person will become a hostage to a suffocating cough.

Cause of occurrence

The mucous membranes of the respiratory organs are covered with ciliated epithelium. It produces mucus, which is released when the cilia contract. The act of clearing the membranes is coughing. The mucous membranes of the trachea are equipped with many receptors. They react to pressure, toxins, allergens, and transmit a signal to special centers of the brain that trigger coughing as a reflex.

When faced with viruses (which are most often transmitted by airborne droplets), it is the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract that are the first to reject the attack.

It is accompanied by swelling and irritation of the membranes, to which the body reacts with increased coughing.

Tracheitis develops in several cases:

• if the infection penetrates unhindered through the nasopharynx;
• descended from the upper regions (for example, from the throat);
• when the immunity of the tracheal mucosa was unable to reject the attack.

Inflammation of the mucous membranes can develop due to an allergic reaction. Contact with foreign agents weakens their protective functions. Local immunity is adversely affected by hypothermia, vitamin deficiency, and irritation of mucous membranes by dusty, cold, dry, hot air.

In most cases, tracheitis is caused by viruses (80%). The bacterial form develops as a complication of acute respiratory viral infection or a consequence of immunodeficiency.

Characteristics of cough with tracheitis

The disease begins with discomfort in the throat. This is where the infection often starts. A person is bothered by soreness and dryness. Later, a sore feeling appears in the upper chest. The act of swallowing is accompanied by pain and a feeling of pressure. When inflammation gains momentum, a cleansing reflex appears.

Dry cough

Occurs 2–3 days after the onset of the disease. The urges attack in attacks. The first shocks appear when you inhale. They are replaced by multiple cough spasms. Getting air is difficult. A person experiences anxiety and fear of suffocation.

Cough attacks with tracheitis are provoked by changes in ambient temperature, a sharp influx of cool air, and attempts to speak or laugh. Due to severe inflammation, each reflex is accompanied by burning pain in the chest. A person feels weak, apathetic, and is afraid to breathe deeply, because such breaths lead to coughing.

The condition worsens in the evening. With the onset of night in a supine position, the reflex occurs especially sharply. Attacks can last from several minutes to 3-4 hours. They exhaust the patient and often end in vomiting. This picture is especially often observed with tracheitis in children. Irritation decreases while sitting.

Moist cough

On the 4th–5th day of development of the disease, the reflex becomes productive. First, a small amount of viscous sputum comes out, which is also accompanied by discomfort. The mucus contains yellowish or greenish inclusions. There may be an unpleasant odor. Such symptoms indicate that the inflammation is caused by bacteria. A burning, tearing cough can lead to the appearance of blood streaks in the mucus.

After 1–2 days, the volume of secretion increases and its viscosity decreases. At this time it becomes transparent or cloudy. Acute pain when coughing disappears.

During this period, attacks become easier, occur less often during the day, but still bother the patient at night. They last less and end with the release of sputum. The attacks resume immediately after awakening, resulting in the release of an impressive amount of mucus, after which they weaken again.

In the chronic form of tracheitis, dry cough attacks alternate with productive coughing.

Associated symptoms and diagnosis

At the initial stages of development of the pathology, the patient experiences discomfort in the throat. Patients compare their sensations to tickling, scratching, burning. As the inflammation spreads, these feelings descend lower and bother you at the level of the collarbones. On days 2–3, all patients report pain and pressure in the chest space.

Cough with tracheitis may be accompanied by sneezing, runny nose, breathing problems, pain in the shoulder blades (if the lungs are involved in the infectious process). When the bronchi are damaged, deep and loud coughing occurs.

Inflammation is accompanied by an increase in body temperature. Indicators depend on the intensity of the pathological process. In the first days they reach 38 0C, then drop to subfebrile values. With signs of tracheitis and a painful cough, they usually contact a therapist. The specialist gives a referral to an ENT specialist.

Diagnostics proceed as follows:

• the doctor interviews the patient (collects anamnesis);
• examines the nasopharynx and oral cavity;
• prescribes laryngoscopy;
• if there is a suspicion that inflammation has spread to the lungs, it is recommended to undergo tracheobronchoscopy and x-ray;
• advises taking tests (general and biochemistry of blood, urine, culture of contents from the throat or sputum).

Treatment is prescribed immediately. It can be adjusted after receiving all the results of tests and diagnostic procedures. In most cases, tracheitis is treated on an outpatient basis.

Possible complications

Infections and inflammation quickly spread through the mucous membranes. From the nasopharynx, the pathological process moves to the larynx and trachea, and can penetrate into the lower respiratory tract. The most common complications are bronchitis and pneumonia. Such consequences can develop within 2-3 days if treatment is not started on time.

Another common adverse effect is chronicity of the disease. The infection persists for a long time in the tracheal mucosa and provokes low-grade inflammation, which disrupts the functioning of the epithelium.

The cleaning mechanism does not reproduce fully; sputum and mucus cover the membranes, becoming a breeding ground for other microbes.

The results may be atrophic or hypertrophic chronic tracheitis.

In the first case, the mucous membranes become thickened, actively produce mucus, and the patient suffers from a lingering wet cough. With atrophic tracheitis, the membranes become thinner and become crusty (dried sputum). These seals are difficult to detach from the walls and provoke severe coughing attacks.

Chronic damage to the tracheal mucosa can result in an extremely unfavorable outcome - the development of tumors. Minor erosions and hemorrhages become foci of degeneration of epithelial cells, which is fraught with oncology.

Treatment methods

Therapy for tracheitis is aimed at eliminating its causes. It is important to determine whether the inflammation is caused by viruses or bacteria in order to choose the right medications. For acute respiratory viral infections, immunomodulatory and antiviral agents are prescribed (Proteflazid, Interferon, Amiksin). If the pathology is caused by a bacterial infection, antibiotics are prescribed.

If you have signs of the disease, you should immediately consult a doctor. Self-medication with incorrect methods leads to chronic tracheitis and other complications.

Drug therapy

Drug therapy can be etiological (targeted at the cause of the problem) or symptomatic. For tracheitis, both types are combined and auxiliary agents are prescribed.

Antibiotics or medicines against viruses must be prescribed by a doctor. Drugs from these groups differ in their mechanism of action. Before taking antibiotics, it is advisable to obtain the results of a bacterial culture and sensitivity test. If you immediately begin treatment with a drug to which the pathogen is susceptible, you can prevent the spread of bacteria to the lower parts of the respiratory system.

For tracheitis and the accompanying cough, broad-spectrum antibiotics (Flemoxin, Augmentin, Sumamed) are prescribed.

In parallel with these medications, you will have to use probiotics (agents for restoring intestinal microflora).

The dose and regimen differ in each individual case (depending on the patient’s age, weight, type of infection, intensity of inflammatory changes in the trachea).

A very important point in the treatment of cough is the selection of symptomatic ones. drugs. Adults are prescribed tablets, and children are prescribed syrups. The drugs are selected based on the type of cough reflexes (with sputum or not).

For a dry cough, antitussive medications are prescribed (Codelac, Sinekod, Thermopsis). If viscous mucus comes out, take expectorants (Bromhexine, Lazolvan, ACC).

If there is severe inflammation in the larynx, the doctor may prescribe lozenges based on sage or Icelandic moss.

Inhalations

Tracheitis is always accompanied by coughing attacks. If the larynx is involved in the process, there is a risk of swelling of the mucous membranes and the development of false croup.

Doctors recommend stopping coughing attacks with inhalations with bronchodilators (Berodual). You can inhale such products using a metal cylinder or through a nebulizer.

In Europe, for tracheitis, hardware inhalations with weak local hormonal agents are prescribed. They must be prescribed by a doctor.

Steam procedures are used to moisturize the mucous membranes. Water particles settle in the upper respiratory tract. This prevents them from becoming dry, mucus drying out and crusts forming.

There is no fundamental difference in what kind of steam a person breathes (from mineral water, potatoes, herbal infusions or clean water). The role of the procedure is solely to moisturize the membranes. If you follow the microclimate standards in the room where the patient is, there is no need for such manipulations.

Doctors recommend that adults and children over 4 years of age treat tracheitis by rubbing with balms based on essential oils (Dr. Theiss, Dr. Mom, Eucabal).

Physiotherapy

Special hardware procedures activate the local immunity of the tracheal mucosa by warming up and improving blood circulation. UHF, electrophoresis with hydrocortisone and calcium chloride are prescribed. Less often, doctors recommend inductometry and a course of chest massages. Warming compresses, mustard plasters and foot baths with sea salt are prescribed less frequently.

ethnoscience

Non-traditional remedies are actively used in self-treatment of tracheitis. However, teas and decoctions cannot replace antibiotics and special cough syrups. Traditional recipes can only be used in consultation with a doctor in parallel with classical therapy.

The most popular home remedies for cough with tracheitis:

• radish juice with honey - take a spoonful every 2 hours;
• decoction of licorice and yarrow - the raw materials are mixed, 2 tablespoons of the herb are poured with 2 cups of boiling water, after cooling completely, filter and take in equal portions 4 times a day;
• figs with milk - 4 dried fruits are boiled in fat milk for 30–40 minutes, mix the mixture, eat half a glass warm after 3 hours;
• cocoa milk - add 10 g of cocoa butter to a glass of warm milk, drink the product at night.

At the pharmacy you can purchase ready-made herbal mixtures against coughs and inflammation of the upper respiratory tract. These include breast milk and Bronchofit teas. To generally strengthen the body and prevent chronic tracheitis, brew rose hips, viburnum, and currants.

Features of treatment during pregnancy

All viruses can negatively affect the course of pregnancy and the development of the child. Therefore, pregnant women should consult a doctor at the first signs of a cold (cough, runny nose, fever).

Proper treatment of tracheitis from the early stages reduces the need for antibiotics and other serious drugs that are dangerous for the child. If the pathology is recognized in time, you can only get by with physiotherapy and safe natural cough remedies. Self-medication is strictly contraindicated for expectant mothers.

Prevention

To prevent inflammation of the trachea and a throat-tearing cough, you should follow all the rules for the prevention of ARVI.

These include:

• frequent walks in the fresh air;
• hardening;
• balanced diet;
• avoiding crowded places during cold season;
• air humidification and frequent ventilation of the room;
• regular wet cleaning;
• compliance with hygiene rules;
• rejection of bad habits.

If the disease has already occurred, all of the above measures are combined with the treatment prescribed by a specialist. This will help the person recover faster and get rid of the cough completely.

Conclusion

Tracheitis is an inflammation of the membranes of the trachea of ​​an infectious or allergic (less often traumatic) nature. The main symptom of the disease is severe attacks of burning cough.

The pathology is treated by an otolaryngologist (if there are no complications from other organs) or a pulmonologist. Therapy for tracheitis includes taking medications, a course of physiotherapy and auxiliary folk techniques.

The patient should drink plenty of fluids and breathe moist, cool air.

Source: https://prikashel.ru/vidy/traheidnyj-kashel.html

Tracheid cough: how to treat if it does not go away, how long it lasts, attacks and medications

Tracheitis is an inflammatory process of the mucous membranes of the trachea, which is often accompanied by diseases of the nasopharynx, bronchi, and larynx. Tracheitis switches to the chronic stage after improper treatment, exacerbations of the disease alternate with remissions.

Symptoms and diagnosis

The main symptom of this disease is a paroxysmal tracheid cough, which often appears at night, when a person laughs and even during a conversation. Although this symptom is a protective function of the body, it must be treated to avoid complications.

Although a cough that occurs during tracheitis is a sign of a viral disease, its exacerbation often occurs due to the entry of dust, chemicals and cigarette smoke into the respiratory system.

It should be noted that there are several features that distinguish tracheid cough; in fact, they will be its main symptoms:

1. The voice becomes hoarse.
2. Acute coughing attacks during laughing, crying, talking, at night, as well as with a sudden change in temperature.
3. Pain in the back of the chest and larynx.
4. The first three days of the patient’s illness are tormented by a strong dry cough without sputum, but then it turns into a wet cough with viscous mucous sputum.
5. Very sensitive pain when coughing.
6. Body temperature rises slightly.

The difficulty of diagnosing tracheitis is that the symptoms are very similar to the symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections and acute respiratory infections. However, if treatment is not started in time, the disease will likely switch to the chronic stage and curing it will become much more problematic.

If the inflammatory process during tracheitis from the trachea reaches the bronchi, then tracheobranchitis appears, which is much worse, since the patient’s condition changes significantly for the worse, the cough turns out to be even more frequent and constant, body temperature increases, and severe headaches are observed.

1. An oropharyngeal smear is examined.
2. Laryngoscopy - examination of the larynx.
3. Chest X-ray.
4. A blood test that will detect the inflammatory process.
5. Auscultation is listening to sounds, the occurrence of which is based on the vital activity of internal organs.

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Treatment

Often, the inflammatory process of the trachea is hidden, that is, the symptoms disappear quite quickly, but then appear again. A cough with tracheitis can last quite a long time, so it must be treated without fail, since such a cough does not go away soon.

Treatment of cough with tracheitis will be most effective if you influence the inflammatory process of the trachea using all possible methods. Treatment consists of antihistamines, antitussives and expectorants; they have a thinning effect and remove mucus.

Antibiotics are prescribed only if a tracheid cough does not go away for a long time and there is a fear of the virus spreading to the lower respiratory organs, as well as when purulent sputum is released.

When a dry and severe cough is tormented, the initial therapy is aimed at the formation of sputum and its release from the respiratory system. Therefore, breastfeeding preparations, syrups and medications are prescribed, for example ACC, Bromhexine, Ambroxol, Mucaltin and others.

Inhalations are great for coughing with tracheitis. It is recommended to prepare steam inhalations with medicinal herbs: eucalyptus, chamomile, sage, calendula. You can add a spoonful of soda to boiling water or use steam from freshly boiled potatoes. Essential oils have an excellent inhalation effect.

You need to drink a lot of liquid, preferably decoctions of medicinal herbs, such as thyme, mint, plantain, coltsfoot, marshmallow, oregano, licorice and others. Milk with goat fat is very effective for tracheid cough; the aroma is very unpleasant, but the cough and sore throat recede mostly quickly.

It happens that medications do not give the expected results. Residual cough after tracheitis is a very common phenomenon that does not go away after the illness. How long it will last depends on the severity of the disease, but approximately the duration is 3-6 weeks. If the cough has not completely resolved by this time, a comprehensive examination is necessary.

• electrophoresis and physiotherapy;
• Lazolvan;
• compresses with Bronchipret oil;
• mustard plasters on feet;
• inhalation with a nebulizer with the addition of Ambrobene.

If, after 14 days after treatment, the residual tracheid cough has not gone away, this indicates that the therapy was prescribed incorrectly or that tracheitis has become chronic.

Cough with tracheitis is the main sign of the disease, and treatment requires therapy that will make it possible to remove inflammation and bring breathing back to normal. Treatment should be carried out under the full supervision of a doctor; he is obliged to monitor the condition of the lungs and bronchi for the accumulation of mucus and the presence of noise.

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Tracheid cough in children

Tracheid cough in children begins due to the inflammatory process in the respiratory system. If a child develops a sharp cough, it would be advisable to seek help from a doctor who will prescribe a diagnosis to determine the type of cough:

1. Auscultate to detect wheezing.
2. X-ray of the chest area.
3. Blood analysis.
4. Taking a swab from the oropharynx.

Cough with tracheitis in children manifests itself due to viruses, streptococci and staphylococci. The reasons for its occurrence may be:

• hypothermia;
• long contact with chemicals;
• weak immune system.

Young children are at greater risk of the disease, since the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract is more sensitive.

The following signs of tracheid cough in a child can be identified:

1. Dry and paroxysmal when inhaling, laughing, crying, with a sudden change in temperature, at night.
2. A few days later, coughing is observed.
3. The voice becomes hoarse.
4. Pain appears in the larynx and chest area.

The duration of therapy will depend on the correctness of the prescribed treatment, but you cannot count on a quick result. To begin with, children are prescribed antiviral drugs and a number of antibiotics: Amoxil, Azithromycin, Amoxicillin, Doxycycline.

If the occurrence of a symptom is based on an allergy, then antihistamines are prescribed: Suprastin, Fenistil, Loratadine; antitussives: Codelac, Stoptussin, Kofanol.

The use of badger and fish oil gives very good results. Instead of tea, you can give your child herbal infusions, such as licorice, coltsfoot, oregano. In the evening – milk with honey and butter.

• start therapy at the slightest cough;
• eating healthy and wholesome food, vitamins;
• don't get too cold.

Weak immunity, poor ecology, allergies can cause recurrent illness, to avoid this, the child needs to be hardened. If you have allergies, you must avoid contact with allergens and keep your home clean and do wet cleaning regularly. And do not forget that insufficient treatment can lead to the development of a chronic form of the disease.

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Source: https://opnevmonii.ru/bolezni/traxeit/kashel-pri-traxeite.html

Tracheitis: 9 stages of diagnosis and 10 methods of treating the disease, review of medications

Tracheitis is understood as an inflammatory process of a fungal, viral, allergic or bacterial nature, affecting the mucous membrane of the windpipe - the trachea. It occurs at absolutely any age and affects both males and females with equal frequency. The disease rarely occurs on its own; it often develops against the background of other inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract - pharyngitis, laryngitis and rhinitis (throat, larynx and nose). Thus, inflammation of the trachea significantly complicates their course.

• The peak incidence of tracheitis occurs in the autumn-winter period.
• The disease is characterized by a benign course and complete resolution of all clinical manifestations; only in rare cases, in the absence of adequate treatment, a number of complications may develop.

This organ is a hollow tube consisting of 16 - 20 cartilages, shaped like open rings. The trachea begins at the level of the sixth-seventh cervical vertebrae and ends with a branching (bifurcation) into the right and left main bronchi in the region of the fourth-fifth thoracic vertebrae. The total length in adults reaches 15 centimeters.

The cartilages of the trachea are connected to each other by muscular and ligamentous apparatus. The open sections of the rings are facing backward, this is necessary for the free movement of the food bolus. Anatomically, the organ is divided into cervical and thoracic parts.

The inside of the trachea is lined with mucous membrane, and it is this area that is most often affected by the inflammatory process.

There is no uniform classification of the disease. By origin it is customary to distinguish:

• primary tracheitis - occurs as an independent nosological unit;
• secondary - against the background of another pathology of the respiratory tract, for example, pharyngitis, laryngitis.

With the flow:

• acute tracheitis - up to 3 months. It occurs most often and its manifestations are similar to those of other acute respiratory diseases (ARI);
• chronic - more than 3 months. More often it is a consequence of acute tracheitis and is characterized by morphological changes in the mucous membrane of the organ.

In combination with other diseases:

• rhinopharyngotracheitis - inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose, pharynx and trachea;
• laryngotracheitis - trachea and larynx;
• tracheobronchitis - bronchi and trachea.

Due to the occurrence of tracheitis, it happens:

• infectious - caused by pathogenic microorganisms;
• allergic - as a result of the development of an allergic reaction.

Depending on the type of pathogen:

• viral. Influenza viruses, parainfluenza, and adenoviruses can lead to the formation of tracheitis;
• bacterial. Most often, inflammation of the trachea is caused by pneumococci, Haemophilus influenzae, moraxella, and less commonly staphylococci;
• fungal. Pathogens include candida, aspergillus, and actinomycetes. As a rule, the disease occurs against the background of immunodeficiency conditions, for example, with HIV infection;
• mixed. Tracheitis is usually initiated by a viral agent, and subsequently the addition of bacterial flora occurs.

In more than 90% of cases, inflammation of the trachea is caused by a viral infection.

The development of the disease can be triggered by the following conditions:

• hypothermia. Exposure to low temperatures leads to spasm of blood vessels in the mucous membrane and disruption of protective mechanisms. Due to hypothermia, conditionally pathogenic microflora is activated, which can lead to disease;
• weakening of immune forces. Makes the body very susceptible not only to viral and bacterial agents, but even to fungal ones, which are not capable of causing tracheitis in a healthy person;
• smoking. Tobacco smoking significantly increases the risk of developing pathology, since tobacco smoke is a very strong irritant that affects the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract;
• consumption of alcoholic beverages. Long-term intake of significant doses of alcohol leads to a decrease in immunity. In addition, there are known cases in persons suffering from alcoholism, during vomiting, the contents of the stomach, entering the respiratory tract, caused inflammatory processes in the trachea;
• tendency to allergic reactions. May be a consequence of hereditary predisposition, long-term infectious diseases;
• air pollution. Aerosols of chemicals have a direct damaging effect on the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract. This group also includes household hazards, for example, prolonged inhalation of cotton dust when working in the textile industry.

The manifestations of the disease directly depend on the infectious agent that caused the disease.

Symptoms of viral inflammation of the trachea

Symptoms of tracheitis of viral etiology include:

• cough , which at the beginning is dry, “scratching”, annoying, rough, with prolonged attacks at night. Cough with tracheitis significantly disrupts the patient's sleep and makes it impossible. Over time (after 5 - 7 days) it becomes moist with clear sputum;
• pain behind the sternum and in the interscapular area , occurs with prolonged dry cough;
• manifestations of viral intoxication of the body - headache, increased body temperature above 38 ° C, aching muscles and joints, general weakness, increased fatigue, malaise, decreased ability to work, drowsiness;
• accompanying symptoms - sore throat, sneezing, nasal congestion, lacrimation.

Bacterial trachea

The manifestations of acute bacterial tracheitis are in many ways similar to viral tracheitis.

Distinctive features are: a wet cough with purulent sputum (it becomes yellow, green, or less often brown), the general condition worsens - the body temperature increases, breathing problems and shortness of breath may occur . Complications of the disease occur more often.

Tracheitis of fungal etiology

Aspergillus fungal tracheitis manifests itself:

• attacks of dry cough at the onset of the disease;
• separation of sputum with mucus, pus and the admixture of specific lumps in it;
• an increase in body temperature no higher than 37.5 °C;
• periodic bronchial spasm, reminiscent of an attack of bronchial asthma;
• clear discharge from the nasal passages as a result of an allergic reaction to the presence of a fungus in the body.

Actinomycosis of the trachea is characterized by:

• significant difficulty breathing, up to episodes of suffocation. This occurs due to the fact that fungi cause the growth of a specific tumor-like formation in the lumen of the trachea called actinomycoma. In addition, rough connective tissue begins to form in the organ, which further contributes to the narrowing of the tracheal lumen;
• the formation of fistulas - pathological through holes that initially appear on the wall of the organ and then spread to the surface of the skin. Their healing process is impossible without surgical intervention.

Candida can enter the trachea from the pharynx, mouth, larynx or esophagus. Symptoms of candidal tracheitis are:

• increase in body temperature to subfebrile levels, not more than 37 ° C;
• a feeling of itching, pain between the shoulder blades or behind the sternum. These clinical manifestations are formed due to the fact that fungi of the genus Candida are capable of forming a small film on the mucous membrane of the organ, which leads to irritation of the trachea;
• prolonged dry cough;
• slight difficulty breathing.

Other forms of tracheitis: subglottic, chronic, allergic

Source: https://UstamiVrachey.ru/pulmonologiya/traheit

How to treat cough with tracheitis

Tracheitis is an infectious or allergic disease in which the mucous membrane of the trachea becomes inflamed. The pathology is manifested by a dry barking cough, dull pain in the sternum. The disease rarely occurs in isolation, in the area of ​​one organ. Complex tissue damage (laryngotracheitis, rhinopharyngotracheitis, tracheobronchitis) is usually diagnosed.

Causes of cough

The causative agents of tracheitis are bacteria, viruses, and allergens. After infection, the inflammatory process affects the throat and, if not treated adequately, goes down. Sometimes the disease develops suddenly, after accelerated proliferation of opportunistic tracheal microflora.

Tracheid cough can be caused by the following factors:

• hypothermia of the body;
• active and passive smoking;
• inhalation of toxic vapors and gases;
• contact with allergens;
• communication with a sick person.

In children of the first year of life, the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract are hypersensitive to irritants and prone to swelling. Infants do not yet know how to blow their nose and cough, and have a weak, immature immune system. Therefore, the risk of disease in children is much higher than in adults.

Symptoms of tracheitis

The main symptom of tracheitis is a hacking cough that gets worse at night. At first it is dry, barking, scratching the mucous membrane. After a few days, the spasms become productive. If the disease is infectious, the sputum has a viscous consistency and a greenish tint; if it is allergic, it is glassy, ​​white, and transparent.

Coughing attacks are provoked by a deep breath, laughter, crying, a sharp bend, or a turn of the body. Therefore, a sick person tries to move, talk, and laugh less. Children become lethargic and capricious. Because of a sore throat, they refuse to eat and do not want to take pills.

In addition to coughing, tracheitis manifests itself:

• increased body temperature;
• sore throat;
• hoarseness of voice;
• enlarged lymph nodes;
• pain in the sternum.

With the allergic nature of tracheitis, the cough is often accompanied by lacrimation, rhinitis, and skin rash.

Diagnostic methods

The difficulty of diagnosis is that the symptoms of tracheitis are similar to those of a common cold. However, without proper treatment, the inflammatory process spreads to other organs, causing dangerous complications. Therefore, after the examination, the doctor prescribes the following laboratory procedures:

• clinical blood test;
• sputum examination;
• collecting a swab from the throat;
• skin tests for allergies.

If the patient complains of severe sore throat and excessive mucus discharge from the nose, a posterior rhinoscopy procedure is performed. During preparation, an anesthetic is applied to the root of the tongue (to reduce gagging). Next, the patient opens his mouth wide, and the doctor inserts the rhinoscope deep into the throat. In this way, the specialist examines the trachea and organs located slightly higher.

The difficulty of performing hardware diagnostic procedures lies in the location of the trachea and the sensitivity of its walls.

A more informative examination method is endoscopic rhinoscopy. It is carried out using a miniature camera and a lighting device mounted on a flexible tube. The endoscope is inserted deep into the throat and examines the tissues of the trachea, pharynx and other respiratory organs.

Depending on the nature of the cough and other symptoms, the specialist will prescribe an x-ray of the lungs or sinuses. The procedure does not require preparation or anesthesia. The patient must remove all jewelry, glasses, removable dentures, and raise long hair up. Next, the device takes pictures of the chest or face. The images are sent to the attending physician for interpretation and diagnosis.

Treatment of tracheitis

The main goal of treating tracheitis is to destroy the pathogen. Depending on the type of microorganism, the doctor prescribes:

• antibiotics (Amoxicillin, Cephalexin);
• antiviral agents (Arbidol, Kagocel);
• antihistamines (Suprastin, Zodak).

If the disease is of an allergic nature, it is necessary to identify the irritant and eliminate contact with it.

To normalize body temperature and reduce headaches, it is recommended to take antipyretic drugs (Paracetamol, Aspirin). If the patient feels a significant deterioration in health in the evening, you can drink cold remedies made in the form of a soluble powder (TheraFlu, Maxicold).

To treat tracheid cough, the doctor prescribes several medications. In the first days of the illness, when attacks do not bring relief, but only irritate the tracheal mucosa, it is necessary to take mucolytic drugs (Mukaltin, Bromhexine). They stimulate the secretion of bronchial secretions and thin mucus.

After a few days, when the cough turns into a productive wet form, the doctor prescribes reflex-action drugs (Alteyka, Thermopsol). The main substances in their composition affect the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum, causing weak vomiting. As a result, the person feels the urge to cough and clear the airways.

Treatment of residual cough

During the development of an infectious process in the trachea, the patient suffers from a strained dry cough. Spasms dry out and damage the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract. As a result, even after destroying the pathogen and extinguishing the inflammation, the person experiences a desire to cough, as well as pain and sore throat.

Normally, residual cough after tracheitis lasts 10-14 days. During this period, you should not take medications that stimulate the cough center. For a speedy recovery, it is necessary to soften and moisturize the throat. To do this, you can use traditional medicine (milk with honey, badger fat or melted butter).

Inhalations effectively soften the throat and reduce the feeling of soreness and pain. Moreover, medications cannot be used to treat residual cough after tracheitis. Only saline solution at room temperature can be poured into the nebulizer reservoir. Fine particles of liquid moisturize damaged tissues and accelerate the healing of the tracheal mucosa.

To treat residual cough after tracheitis, doctors may prescribe physiotherapy procedures:

• electrophoresis (the medicine enters the tracheal tissue using electrodes);
• inductothermy (heating under the influence of magnetic fields);
• UHF therapy (use of ultra-high frequency electromagnetic field).

If a residual cough is accompanied by pain in the sternum, doctors recommend making compresses from goat fat, turpentine, and a honey-mustard mixture. Due to skin irritation, blood vessels dilate. As a result, the trachea and neighboring organs receive more oxygen and nutrients.

Preventive measures

People with a weak respiratory system need to stop smoking. Avoid crowded places, especially in spring and autumn, during epidemics of viral diseases. At home, monitor the cleanliness, temperature and humidity of the air. Regularly ventilate rooms and carry out wet cleaning.

Perform simple breathing exercises. To do this, breathe slowly and deeply, pronounce vowel sounds for a long time. After getting used to it, complicate the exercises, add body bends, arm and leg movements.

The most effective methods include:

• opera singer Strelnikova;
• clinician Buteyko;
• psychologist Marina Korpan.

To prevent coughing and strengthen the respiratory system of children, it is necessary to accustom them to feasible physical activity as early as possible. To do this, enroll your kids in a sports section, dancing, or a swimming pool.

Allow them to ride a bicycle, rollerblade, skate, and teach them how to play musical wind instruments.

During such activities, the child gets used to breathing deeply, which is important for the health of the bronchi and lungs.

Source: https://stop-kashel.ru/kak-lechit-kashel-pri-traheite/

Cough with tracheitis: how long does it last, how to treat it in adults and children, medications

Tracheitis is one of the most common ENT diseases. Cough is the main symptom; thanks to it, this disease can be identified at an early stage and prevent its worsening.

However, it can persist after the end of therapy and the disappearance of other signs of the disease. The nature of cough with tracheitis is paroxysmal, similar in clinical picture to the manifestations of whooping cough.

Most often it occurs at night or in the morning.

Specifics of cough with tracheitis

The main distinguishing feature of this disease is that the coughing attack lasts for a significant period of time. Attempts to soften the throat by gargling or sucking on lozenges do not relieve the sore throat. Initially, the disease manifests itself as a dry cough, after a few days it worsens and becomes wet.

Dry cough

The first stage of the disease is considered to be a dry, “scratching” cough. The main goal of therapy at this stage is to transform it into a productive one.

It can be distinguished from other types of cough by a number of signs:

• the occurrence of an imperative cough impulse when inhaling;
• specific localization by time: during the day, simple coughing occurs more often, bouts of prolonged coughing are significantly reduced relative to the night period;
• change in voice, hoarseness;
• pain in the throat and chest area.

Moist cough

Timely treatment measures can transform a dry cough into a productive one. In this case, the sputum will be clear or white. When the disease progresses and bacterial infections become involved in the process, the discharge becomes greenish in color.

With tracheitis, attacks of sudden cough, both dry and wet, can occur when inhaling smoke, sudden changes in temperature, while talking or laughing. This symptom usually does not go away for a long time and requires mandatory treatment.

Cause of occurrence

Tracheitis and the cough caused by it can be triggered by the entry of a virus or streptococcal and staphylococcal pathogens into the body.

Conditions for the development of inflammation will be:

• hypothermia;
• weakened immune system;
• exposure to chemical fumes.

In addition, the cough characteristic of tracheitis can be a consequence of irritation of the mucous membranes, a complication from a disease of the respiratory system or ARVI. Allergies can also give impetus to its development.

Treatment methods

To stop a coughing attack when tracheitis begins, inhalation will be an effective remedy. In addition to it, chest preparations and substances that help reduce the viscosity of sputum are prescribed. If there is a need to stop a dry cough in adults, the use of drugs that suppress the corresponding reflex is allowed.

It is important to remember that the combination of such substances with expectorants is unacceptable.

To completely cure tracheitis and get rid of cough as quickly as possible, it is recommended to combine traditional and traditional medicine. This helps to achieve results in the shortest possible time.

Drug therapy

There are a number of drugs that can ease the course of the disease and speed up recovery. Among them are both expectorants and cough suppressants. Before using any of them, consult a doctor. It will help you choose the right treatment regimen and avoid combinations of incompatible medications.

Sinekod

Sinekod is a remedy that directly affects the cough center. Available in the form of drops and syrup. Used exclusively for symptomatic therapy and cough suppression. Approved for use for all ages. Not recommended for diabetics. Can cause drowsiness and dullness of attention.

Erespal

Anti-inflammatory drug in the form of syrup or tablets. It is used for diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract, including tracheitis, reduces the production of inflammatory factors, and has antispasmodic properties.

overslept

The drug is based on components of plant origin. Available in the form of syrup and drops, suitable for both oral administration and inhalation. It has a mucolytic effect, thereby helping to remove sputum and relieve coughing. Suitable for use even in infants. It is an effective alternative to drugs in tablet form.

Lazolvan for tracheitis

A drug that has a wide range of release forms. Relieves cough by increasing the flow of mucus and activating the motor properties of the respiratory tract. Capable of inhibiting the growth of bacterial and viral microflora. This medicine is a prescription drug. It cannot be combined with any other medications used to treat cough.

A drug belonging to the group of mucolytics. Available in the form of syrup directly and in the form of granules for its preparation. The active ingredient is acetylcysteine, which can affect the rheological properties of sputum.

Stoptussin

It is a combined drug with mucolytic and antitussive properties. It has a local anesthetic effect on the nerve endings of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract. Thanks to this, it is effective for relieving attacks of dry cough. The dosage should be adjusted according to the patient's weight. The release form is drops and tablets.

Inhalations

Inhalation ensures complete and deep penetration of drugs into the respiratory tract. For procedures, substances containing large amounts of phytoncides are used.

With tracheitis, essential oils of coniferous plants, ginger, and eucalyptus help to significantly alleviate the course of the disease. In addition to this remedy, traditional medicine offers numerous recipes.

For example, inhaling the fumes of a soda solution with the addition of honey.

There are also pharmaceutical drugs:

• Sumamed;
• Lazolvan;
• Berodual;
• Ambrobene.

In addition to the special agents listed, distilled water, saline, and antiseptics like Miramistin can also be used.

When carrying out this procedure, you can use a pan of hot water and a towel. To simplify the process and achieve maximum results, there are special devices.

Inhalers and nebulizers consist of a vessel in which the drug is placed and a nozzle for the patient to breathe.

Spraying is carried out due to ultrasonic vibrations or by creating excess pressure. The main purpose of inhalation is to moisturize the mucous membrane and convert a dry cough into a productive one. Therefore, you can start this procedure already at the first symptoms of the disease.

Physiotherapy

Modern medicine offers patients a large number of physiotherapeutic procedures that can significantly reduce pain, ease the course of the disease and promote its speedy retreat. For tracheitis, the following interventions are recommended:

1. UHF therapy. The duration of the session is determined by the age of the patient and can reach 10 minutes. It is recommended to carry out 3-5 procedures per day.
2. Ural irradiation with a gradual increase in the received dose. Conducted daily for a week.
3. EVT. Up to 10 daily procedures, lasting up to 15 minutes.
4. DMV therapy. You are required to undergo a course of 7 procedures.
5. Electrophoresis or inductophoresis, a course of up to 10 procedures.
6. SMT exposure or SMT phoresis, also up to 10 procedures.
7. Laser therapy, lasting up to 5 minutes, no more than 8 procedures.

Physiotherapeutic effects provide relief from spasms and have anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.

Infusions and decoctions

Herbs that help relieve the manifestations of tracheitis are used individually and in the form of chest preparations.

The most useful are decoctions of the following plants:

• mint;
• elderberry inflorescences;
• nettle;
• coltsfoot;
• sage;
• chamomile.

Black radish juice mixed with honey, as well as freshly squeezed carrot and viburnum juices, have no less healing properties. All plants can have an anti-inflammatory and cough-relieving effect.

To create tinctures that help get rid of tracheitis, the following are usually used:

• aconite;
• pulsatilla;
• Bryonia.

It is important to remember that tracheitis requires complex treatment, and the use of herbal infusions is not a replacement for drug therapy. In this case, some plants may not be combined with medications prescribed by a doctor.

Therefore, before resorting to the advice of traditional healers, it is necessary to consult with a competent specialist.

ethnoscience

Humanity has accumulated a large number of tips on how to alleviate tracheitis without resorting to the use of synthetic drugs. Popular methods of fighting cough include rubbing with warming substances or applying compresses and mustard plasters.

Mustard plasters

Mustard patches have an irritating effect on the skin and underlying tissues. By stimulating blood flow and dilating capillaries, the trachea is warmed. The use of mustard plasters is advisable only at the early stage of the disease, while coughing attacks are not too intense. You also need to know that they contribute to the development of fever.

Mustard plasters are placed on the lung area, as well as under and between the shoulder blades. This product can be applied no more than twice a day and no longer than 5 days in a row.

The maximum duration of the first procedure is 5 minutes, subsequent ones - 8 minutes. Exceeding it may cause burns.

Applying compresses to the chest is also considered useful. The main goal is also to warm up the tissues. The most popular varieties are:

• honey;
• vodka;
• potato.

Compresses can be applied for a period of two hours or left overnight.

How to treat a child

The first advice for the mother of a sick child is to consult a doctor. This disease is more dangerous for children than for adults. In addition, many medications may be contraindicated in infancy and early childhood.

There are a number of subtleties that should be present in the treatment regimen for children:

• use of antitussive drugs in the form of syrups;
• timely antiviral therapy;
• if a bacterial infection occurs, antibiotics must be prescribed;
• Warming ointments and compresses can only be used if there is no increase in temperature.

When a child gets sick, comprehensive support for the body is especially important. Therefore, it is highly advisable not only to give him antitussive drugs, but also to use herbal medicine. Pediatricians strongly recommend inhalations.

If infants are ill, since they cannot do this procedure on their own, it is advised to stay with them in a room where there is a container with a large amount of hot water mixed with essential oils.

You can do this in the bathroom too.

It is recommended to drink plenty of fluids and take vitamins. Of course, all these procedures will also benefit an adult.

The main differences in the treatment of a child:

• the need to select syrups and tablets that are acceptable for use at his age;
• high probability of developing complications if treatment is not timely.

Features of treatment during pregnancy

Pregnancy is a special condition in which a woman’s body weakens. The fetus is also very vulnerable to negative factors. One of them is the teratogenic effect of medications taken by the mother. Therefore, a woman carrying a child is contraindicated from using a large number of drugs usually used to treat tracheitis.

Information about the admissibility of prescribing a medicinal product during such a period must be indicated by the manufacturer in the instructions.

A number of manufacturers have not conducted clinical studies of the effect of their drugs on fetal development. Such medications should also only be used if the lack of treatment will lead to worse consequences.

The second factor that threatens the child when the mother has tracheitis is the risk of infection entering the placenta.

Therefore, it is especially important to prevent the development of complications, such as bronchitis, or the transition of the disease to the chronic stage.

During pregnancy, we recommend, first of all, folk recipes that can combat the manifestations of tracheitis:

• herbal decoctions or syrups, for example, from licorice root;
• application of mustard plasters and compresses;
• inhalations with essential oils.

However, before starting therapy, you should consult your doctor.

When should you see a doctor?

With proper treatment, manifestations of tracheitis disappear after 14 days. If the cough does not go away for a long time, this may be a sign that the disease has entered a chronic stage.

Therefore, if his attacks continue to bother him after 2 weeks of treatment, an adult should consult a doctor. In infants and preschool children, the disease can last for a month.

However, it is necessary to show a small child to a pediatrician at an early stage of the disease.

Possible complications

Tracheitis itself is not a serious disease. However, the lack of timely and adequate treatment can lead to the development of the following conditions:

• tracheobronchitis;
• bronchopneumonia;
• chronic tracheitis.

Symptoms of complications will be:

• increased heat;
• hard breathing;
• wheezing in the lungs.

Prevention

Prevention of tracheitis comes down to general measures to strengthen the immune system. Among them:

• hardening;
• to give up smoking;
• balanced diet.

You should also avoid hypothermia and contact with allergens.

Forecast

Timely treated acute tracheitis does not lead to significant consequences. Its only consequence may be a lingering cough.

In the case of the development of chronic tracheitis, morphological changes in the mucosa occur, which, together with constant inflammation, can lead to the appearance of endotracheal neoplasms that are benign or malignant.

It is also possible to develop bronchial asthma. Typically, it occurs if the disease is the result of prolonged contact with allergens.

Author of the article: Yulia Kalashnik

Source: https://VipLor.ru/gorlo/kashel-pri-traheite