Anogenital warts: diagnosis and treatment of formations

Anogenital warts are benign formations that appear on the surface of the skin (genitals, anus), which resemble a nodule. These warts are also called genital warts (Condylomata acuminate). These skin papules are caused by a papillomavirus with low oncogenic risk, called HPV, belonging to types 6 and 11. Based on information provided by statistical databases of medicine in the USA, then the number of patients affected by anogenital warts reaches 20 million people and at the same time Up to 6 million newly infected people are registered annually.

Which doctor should I see for an anogenital wart? These formations are examined by a dermatologist, proctologist, and urologist.

According to the classification carried out at the international level of the 10th revision, which is called the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision Version for 2006, it was decided to classify this type of skin papillomas as infectious diseases, the transmission of which can mainly be sexually transmitted. Anogenital warts are also called venereal warts.

Like any warts, genital papillomas have been known to healers for a long time. The healers of Ancient Hellas called such skin nodules “figs”, since their outlines were similar to the fruits of fig trees. And if such papules were found in men on the genital organ, then, according to ancient treatises, they were recognized as retribution for a homosexual relationship.

Routes of transmission and causes of anogenital warts

Although warts can be contracted through the belongings of a person suffering from HPV, genital papules are predominantly of intimate origin - sexual contact, anal-genital penetration. If we talk about the possibility of transmission of this type of virus through oral-genital exposure, it is also being considered at this time, and for patients infected with HIV, this fact is proven. There is a possibility of infection with genital warts from a pregnant woman to a newborn during labor. There are assumptions about the contact and household route of acquiring such an infection, but this fact has not yet been documented.

Advice!!! If anogenital warts are detected, you should not blame the partner who is currently with you, since the infection could have occurred much earlier.

The incubation period, when symptoms are not yet observed, can take from 14 days to several months or even a year, but on average it takes 90 days.

Since this virus is one of the variations of HPV, it can remain in a “dormant” state for quite a long time in the human body until favorable conditions are created for its manifestation.

Patients affected by this type of virus do not always develop condylomas. The aggressiveness of the infection depends on the following factors:

• too much sexual activity;
• the sexual partner has had contact in the past with women suffering from anogenital warts or cervical cancer;
• decreased background immunity;
• presence of sexually transmitted diseases;
• smoking tobacco or various herbs;
• drinking alcohol in abnormal doses;
• pregnancy;
• endometriotic disease of the uterus;
• avitaminosis.

Distinctive signs and symptoms of anogenital warts in men and women

Pictured are anogenital warts

Anogenital papillomas have a dough-like consistency and have a structure in the form of lobules; their outlines are similar to a cockscomb or cauliflower rosettes. Such skin nodules are characterized by the presence of a narrow base (also called “legs”).

Genital warts are also distinguished by their ability to self-heal. It is observed that papillomas can disappear without any therapy or outside intervention over a period of several months to two years.

Only rare cases of degeneration of genital warts into a malignant formation have been recorded.

If we talk about papules on the genitals, then in men they form on the head of the genital organ, namely the leaf of the foreskin, its internal part, the body of the penis and its frenulum, the coronary groove, the perineum, the inguinal and perianal areas, and the scrotum. Or condylomas can be formed in the area of ​​the urethra, that is, near the urethra on the outside of the opening.

In women, the main localization is the labia minora, the surface of the vagina, the cervical mucosa, and papillomas can also be found at the mouth of the urethra, in the skin folds and the area near the anus.

Based on the localization of formation, genital warts are divided into:

1. External Genital Warts - places of formation include the foreskin on the penis, the coronary groove on its head, the labia minora and majora, that is, external genital warts are formed.
2. Vaginal Warts are located almost at the vestibule of the vagina and are called vaginal anogetital warts.
3. Anal wars. Anal warts are localized in the anus.
4. Urethral Meatus Warts. Skin formations formed in the urethra are endourethral condylomas.
5. Cervical Warts. Anogenital warts that appear on the surface of the cervix.
6. Warts Mouth. Condylomas that form in the oral cavity and their localization includes the area of ​​the mucous membrane of the cheeks, on the tongue and lips.

According to their appearance, anogenital warts are divided into:

• Keratotic nodules have a horny appearance, often resembling cauliflower or seborrheic keratomas, the usual sites of their formation are the dry skin found on the shaft of the penis, scrotum and labia.
• Papular formations with the outline of a dome, with a diameter varying between 1-4 mm. Their surface is smooth, characterized by less keratinization than that of keratic warts, their color has the shade of raw meat, and are usually located on a layer of epithelium that is completely keratinized.
• Giant Buschke-Levenshtein condyloma is a very large condyloma that forms in patients with a reduced level of immunity or in a woman who is pregnant.

The main symptoms of venereal warts that patients may experience are itching and burning in the genital area. Also, as they grow, such skin tumors can interfere not only with sexual intercourse, but also make it difficult to urinate.

If such warts appear in the anus, they can not only itch and itch very much, but also create problems during bowel movements.

Any such manifestations occur due to friction of the underwear against the skin nodules, they are injured and can bleed, and then a burning sensation occurs as they heal.

Diagnosis of anogenital warts

It is usually possible to diagnose genital warts by visual examination not only by a dermatologist, but also by the patient himself. As a rule, such papillomas have the appearance of nodules, are pointed or in the form of spots. When venereal warts are still very small, they are not even noticed by the patient, since they are perceived as skin roughness.

It is important to remember that there are no specific sensations inherent in this disease. Patients may present with complaints that are considered common, such as itching in the genital area, a burning sensation, or spotting, but these manifestations may correspond to the symptoms of various diseases.

Such, for example, as genital condylomatosis will require differential diagnosis, since dermatitis and hypertrophy of the sebaceous glands, molluscum contagiosum and syphilic condylomas lata have similar symptoms, and anogenital warts resemble polyps or can degenerate into malignant neoplasms.

It is clear that the presence of such skin formations is an unpleasant issue, but can be eliminated after therapy, however, genital warts pose a particular danger to pregnant women.

Since there is a possibility of ruptures of warts formed on the cervix or in the genital area during labor. Then heavy bleeding will be provoked and the baby will be infected when passing through the birth canal.

Then, in newborns, anogenital warts can form in the larynx and this will complicate access to air and breathing.

Important!!! When diagnosing anogenital warts, it is not recommended to use HPV DNA testing (PCR - non-amplification). This widely used test detects oncogenic HPV types.

However, if the technology is not followed or the specialist is insufficiently qualified, the result may be false, both negatively and positively.

But still, many specialists tend to send patients to perform such tests, as well as perform cytology and biopsy of skin tumors, an extended version of calposcopy and urethroscopy, histological and immunological studies.

How to treat anogenital warts?

If we talk about radical methods of getting rid of venereal warts, they are at the development stage. Moreover, all therapy refers to the elimination of manifestations - papillomas formed on the genitals. Today we can talk about the following methods by which the destruction of condylomas occurs:

• The skin lesion is treated with Podofilin a large number of times. This drug is prescribed in 10-25% of cases of condylomas. The substance is made from the rhizome of podophilus thyroid and has the activity of damaging wart cells and inhibiting the development of papules. The cost of the drug varies between 500-800 rubles.
• Applying ointments to the wart, such as Bonafton (price 90-110 rubles), Viferon (price 151-198 rubles), Condyloma ointment (from 100 rubles), Oxolinic ointment (from 53 rubles) in the form of applications.
• Interferon injections (price starts from 92 rubles).

Important!!! You should not try to remove anogenital warts on your own, as you may end up with quite unpleasant consequences in the form of burns, scars, or repeated manifestations (relapse).

It is necessary to follow the instructions of a dermatologist until the anogenital warts completely disappear. In this case, both sexual partners are treated to prevent re-infection.

Often, experts prescribe the use of trichloroacetic acid or bichloroacetic acid, which suggest a cure for venereal warts in 80-90% of cases. It is important to use such drugs with extreme caution, as there is a possibility of the formation of deep scars or ulcers.

Currently, it is recommended to use vaccination with the drug "Gardasil", which will serve as protection against damage by the papilloma virus, which causes the formation of genital warts. The price of the drug starts from 6695 rubles.

Advice!!! Treatment of anogenital papillomas is recommended under the supervision of a dermatologist in clinics or, in extreme cases, in a day hospital. In this option, you will be guaranteed to receive qualified medical care.

If we talk about the effectiveness of using drugs that will help increase immunity (immunomodulators) or antiviral drugs that are used to treat warts that occur in the genital area, this method has not yet been fully studied in the CIS. Although self-healing from genital warts is possible with a course of taking such drugs. But in world medical practice they are not mentioned as therapeutic measures to cure anogenital warts.

If you believe the forecasts presented by medical institutions, then despite the fact that the duration of treatment can be extended from a month to six months and a high percentage of relapses, a complete cure for anogenital warts is ultimately achieved.

Anogenital warts: removal

The need to remove anogenital warts arises when there is a danger, for example, during pregnancy or an increase in the number of venereal warts, their pain, change in size, color or bleeding. In this case, the following removal methods are recommended:

1. Cryotherapy - cauterization with liquid nitrogen. The doctor uses the end of a small clamp, which he dips into liquid nitrogen and then squeezes the papilloma for 10-15 seconds, freezing it. The procedure is repeated twice more for 1 condyloma, so the removal time reaches one minute. A whitish mark forms at the site of the wart, and after a few days the crust falls off. The price of the procedure for one skin nodule is 300 rubles. This method can also remove papilloma on the neck or other parts of the body.
2. Using a radio wave “knife”. This method has minimal contraindications and is less traumatic. When using the Surgitron device, electric current is converted into radio waves with a frequency of 3.8-4.0 MHz (high frequency). The surface of the wart is dissected due to the fact that heat is generated, as the skin tissue resists the penetration of such waves. The price of the procedure starts from 600 rubles.
3. Surgical intervention is necessary for the development of genital warts when they become large. Local anesthesia is used. With such an excision, there is always a small capture of parts of healthy skin. After removing the wart, a cosmetic suture is placed on the wound, which is removed after a week. The price of surgical intervention starts from 350 rubles. This method is also used when it is necessary to remove age-related keratoma.

Prevention of venereal warts

In order to protect yourself from infection with an oncogenic virus, it is recommended to use intimate hygiene products specially designed for this purpose, which, for example, can be sprays. Such products have a whole range of capabilities: the ability to create a barrier to viruses, and also have an immunomodulatory effect, and have the ability to regenerate tissue. They will not only be an obstacle to the penetration of the human papillomavirus into the body, but will also be able to block the spread of endemicity into the vaginal cavity and the cervix. It is recommended to use such drugs intravaginally both before and after sexual intercourse. The spray is considered convenient, since it is sprayed by pressing the valve once or twice.

As for the use of protective equipment (condoms), they cannot in any way protect against HPV during intimate relationships, so it is important to have a regular sexual partner and in any case not be subject to casual relationships.

It is also possible to use special quadrivalent vaccines, which were mentioned above.

Such drugs are produced on the basis of a protein that is part of the shell that characterizes the most common oncogenic papilloma viruses (types 6 and 11, 16 and 18).

The immune system will perceive such a protein as a foreign body and trigger the production of antibodies that resist infection. However, this procedure will have an effect when it is performed on a girl in adolescence, before her sexual life begins.

• In any case, both women and men must observe the rules of personal hygiene, promptly carry out adequate therapy for infectious and inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, it is recommended to give up smoking (including hookah) and excessive alcohol consumption, and eliminate factors that lead to is a decrease in immunity.
• Video about methods of diagnosis and treatment of anogenital warts:

Source: https://dermatologys.ru/lechenie-vzroslyh/48-anogenitalnye-borodavki-prichiny-simptomy-i-lechenie.html

Anogenital (venereal) warts: diagnosis, treatment

Anogenital warts cause a lot of discomfort, and their owners begin to withdraw into themselves and feel inferior.

Today, there are a lot of tools and therapeutic techniques that can achieve long-term remission of this pathology.

What are venereal warts and papillomas?

Anogenital warts are skin neoplasms of a predominantly benign nature, which are localized in the perianal area, as well as on the external and internal genital organs.

Their formation is provoked by the human papillomavirus, which can be infected during sexual intercourse or through close bodily contact.

Reference! Venereal warts occur in those places that are most traumatized during sexual intercourse.

It is very important to understand that discovering anogenital warts on your sexual partner is not proof of his infidelity, since infection with the virus could have occurred many years ago, and it has only become active now.

Stages of the disease

The severity of anogenital papillomatosis depends on the clinical manifestations of the disease:

• Mild degree - there are less than 10 elements on the mucous membranes and skin, the patient does not experience discomfort and there are no severe symptoms.
• Medium degree – up to 50 elements are present, there is discomfort, weakness, signs of inflammation.
• Severe degree - on the skin and mucous membranes there are more than 50 elements that merge with each other and form large conglomerates. The patient cannot have a sexual life, experiences difficulties in everyday life, and feels severe pain.

The last stage of papillomatosis may require treatment in a hospital setting, since after removal of the growths, the area of ​​damage will be quite large, and the patient’s recovery will be long.

Varieties

Clinical classification of anogenital warts varies in morphology and shape. This will be described in more detail below.

According to morphology

Warts can be:

• Pointed - finger-shaped protrusions of the mucous membrane and skin, which have a typical loop-shaped or variegated pattern.
• Papules are pigmented rashes without protrusions.
• Spots – appear on the mucous membrane as areas with low color.

By shape

Warts can be of the following types:

• Bowen's disease and Bowenoid papillomatosis.
• Giant Buschke-Levenshtein condyloma.

Causes

As mentioned above, the cause of anogenital warts is HPV. Currently, there are about two dozen of its strains, which can provoke the growth of similar neoplasms in the anus and genitals.

As a rule, genital warts are diagnosed, but sometimes intraepithelial neoplasia is observed, which occurs when the body is infected with type 16 of the papilloma virus. In this case, the risk of developing cancer increases.

Symptoms of the disease

Most often, anogenital papillomatosis is asymptomatic, and patients consult a doctor when they visually detect manifestations of warts.

But if the location of the warts is subjected to friction and injury (sexual intercourse or defecation), unpleasant clinical signs may occur:

• painful sensations;
• bloody issues;
• feeling of discomfort;
• burning and itching.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of anogenital warts involves a whole range of measures. It all starts with an examination and interview of the patient.

Complaints and anamnesis

The specialist listens to the patient’s complaints and finds out possible routes of infection. Asks about lifestyle, the presence of one or more sexual partners, and so on.

Physical examination

The patient is examined, during which the doctor determines the type of wart. To improve the visualization of growths, a test is carried out with a 5% acetic acid solution.

When the affected areas are treated with this solution, they retain a whitish color for some time, and the vascular pattern also increases.

Laboratory diagnostics

Laboratory tests are recommended for:

• confirming the diagnosis;
• identification of the papilloma virus strain;
• determining the degree of viral load;
• predicting the course of the disease.

Appointed:

• PCR;
• ELISA;
• determination of AT and AG to HPV.

To exclude oncological pathology, a morphological and cytological examination is prescribed.

It is recommended to conduct serological tests for syphilis, hepatitis and HIV; this is necessary for the safe removal of warts using surgical excision and physical destruction.

Instrumental diagnostics

It is carried out if a specialist suspects an atypical location of warts:

• Meatoscopy - detection of growths in the scaphoid fossa in men.
• Urethroscopy – identification of warts in the urethra.
• Anoscopy – detection of condylomas in the anal area.
• Colposcopy – detection of atypical squamous epithelial cells, glandular epithelium, invasive cancer.

Other diagnostics

Consultations recommended:

• gynecologist;
• urologist;
• proctologist;
• oncologist surgeon;
• immunologist.

How is this disease treated?

Today, it is completely impossible to rid a person of the papilloma virus, and all the methods used by doctors are based on reducing its activity and stopping clinical manifestations.

Treatment involves:

• physical or chemical destruction of growths;
• taking antiviral drugs;
• taking cytostatics;
• taking immunomodulators.

• In most cases, Panavir is prescribed as an antiviral agent; interferon and its inducers are prescribed to increase local and general immunity.
• Cytostatics are recommended for condylomas of the external genitalia; a good drug is Podophyllin, which is used topically.
• When it comes to removing growths, the following methods are most often used:
• Chemical removal is based on the effect on growths of various aggressive substances - acids, alkalis and their combinations. The following substances are used:

• Triacetic acid.
• Solcoderm.
• Podophylloctoxin.
• Epigen.

Traditional methods

Folk remedies for anogenital warts can only be used with the permission of a doctor; most often, experts do not object to these remedies, but it is believed that folk treatment can only be used as an additional therapy.

Benign neoplasms are lubricated by:

• celandine juice;
• juice of sour apples;
• castor oil;
• a mixture of olive and tea tree oils.

Decoctions, infusions and tinctures of medicinal plants are also used, which enhance immune defense. In most cases, a tincture of Echinacea purpurea or Eleutherococcus is recommended.

Possible complications

Without treatment, anogenital warts can cause the following complications:

• obstruction of the urethra and anus;
• papillomavirus type 16 can cause cancer;
• if the growth is damaged, secondary infection may occur;
• During the manifestation of neoplasms, a person becomes especially contagious to others.

1. During pregnancy, anogenital warts can lead to the child becoming infected during childbirth, which is especially dangerous when the growths in a pregnant woman are caused by oncogenic strains.
2. As for the effect of papillomavirus on the cervix, the likelihood of developing cervical cancer, although small, is still present.
3. At risk are women who are promiscuous, abuse alcohol, or smoke; this is due to the fact that addictions impair immunity and the virus develops faster.
4. 

Prevention

To prevent infection with the papilloma virus, which leads to the formation of warts in the anogenital area, it is recommended to adhere to the following rules:

• avoid casual sexual contacts;
• use barrier contraception during sexual intercourse;
• observe generally accepted rules of intimate hygiene;
• strengthen immunity;
• wear underwear made from natural materials.

Despite the fact that it is currently not possible to overcome the papilloma virus, it can be deactivated and stable remission can be achieved. To do this you need to visit a doctor.

Source: https://vseopapillome.com/borodavki/anogenitalnye-venericheskie-lechenie.html

Anogenital warts (venereal): how dangerous?

Anogenital warts are benign neoplasms that appear in the anus and genital area. They got their name due to the anatomical features of their location. They are also called venereal warts and require a special approach to diagnosis and treatment.

Varieties

Anogenital warts differ from each other in color and location. Thus, some formations affect only the skin and are single, while others appear in groups and cover the entire thickness of the mucous membrane.

Condylomas acuminata

Of all neoplasms, genital warts are considered the most problematic due to the high risk of injury. Their structure resembles papillary growths. They increase their numbers quite quickly; groups of condylomas form interconnected growths with the texture of a cock's comb.

Endophytic condylomas

They develop inside the mucous membranes, gradually growing upward. The moment the “head” of the formation comes to the surface, the person becomes infectious to others. Anogenital warts of this group are difficult to remove.

Papules

Flat growths that rise above the surrounding healthy skin. These anogenital warts are not painful, but they are quite large in size, and therefore can be accidentally injured.

Rare cases

Anogenital venereal warts most often belong to the above three types of neoplasms. But there are formations that are also caused by the HPV virus, but do not belong to any of these categories.

Anogenital warts are lesions of the human papillomavirus in the perianal area.

Giant Buschke-Levenshtein condyloma is not oncogenic, but severely injures surrounding tissues. This papilloma is formed due to the fusion of a large number of small formations and their subsequent growth both upward and deep into the skin. When injured, it often becomes infected.

Another exceptional case is intraepithelial neoplasia. Warts of this group affect the thickness of the mucous membrane. Their appearance is caused by type 16 of the papilloma virus, which is highly oncogenic. The disease has two forms of manifestation:

• Bowenoid papulosis. It mainly affects people 25-35 years old. Visual symptoms of its appearance are numerous papules and spots on the mucous membrane. The formations vary in color and size.
• Bowen's disease. It affects people aged 40-50 years. In this case, the symptoms are similar to the manifestation of bowenoid papulosis, but the surface of the formations is velvety to the touch.

Locations

Anogenital warts, depending on their type, affect the skin around the genitals and anus, the anus, as well as the mucous membranes of the external and internal genital organs.

The number of neoplasms depends on their type: papules can be single, while genital and endophytic condylomas appear in groups and increase their numbers quite quickly.

Reasons for appearance

Anogenital warts are altered epithelial cells that grow uncontrollably and change their structure. The reason for their appearance is the human papilloma virus, which, after entering the body, is located in the nerve endings under the skin and increases its activity from time to time.

Methods of infection with the HPV virus

There are three main routes of transmission of the human papillomavirus:

1. Household contact. Just by touching a person with warts on their hands, a healthy person will not get sick. But if he then touches the mucous membranes with unwashed hands after contact, the virus will enter the body. It also remains on the personal belongings of sick people and in places with high humidity, so you can get sick by using someone else’s towel, slippers, drinking tea from a sick person’s mug, etc. The only way to prevent this type of infection is to minimize contact with a sick person during the period when tumors appear, and also to avoid using other people’s things.
2. Vertical path. If a pregnant woman has untreated tumors, the fetus can become infected with the virus while passing through the birth canal. To avoid this, during pregnancy you will need to avoid factors that provoke the appearance of warts.
3. Sexual contact. In the case of anogenital warts, doctors suspect it. The fact is that when mucous membranes come into contact in healthy people, an exchange of microflora always occurs. The same happens in a situation where one of the partners is infected with a virus.

The person himself may not be aware of the neoplasms. For example, if there are anal warts, the infected person feels itching, burning, and other unpleasant symptoms appear, but formations on the cervix in women can be completely asymptomatic.

Sexual contact is the most common way of transmitting papillomavirus.

An infected person may not even be aware that he poses a danger to his partner.

Risk factors

Due to the specificity of anogenital neoplasms, the risk of becoming infected with them is significantly higher in people who are promiscuous. Anal warts occur more often in people who practice unconventional types of sex. The risk of contracting papillomavirus through sexual contact is especially high due to two reasons:

1. The period from infection to the appearance of condylomas is quite long. That is, having become infected from one partner, a person can transmit the infection to dozens of people over the next few months, or even years. They, in turn, infect others.
2. A condom does not always protect against the penetration of the virus into the body, since even with its use the skin comes into contact during sexual intercourse, which can lead to infection, for example, through microtrauma after shaving.

People who have an active sex life with frequent changes of partners are in the high-risk zone. Considering that seven out of ten people are infected with papillomavirus, such behavior increases the already considerable risk of infection.

Should I see a doctor?

Many of our compatriots do not attend preventive examinations, and only go to the doctor when the situation becomes critical. In the case of anogenital warts, the solution “will go away on its own” is ineffective and, moreover, dangerous both for the patient himself and for the people around him, especially for sexual partners.

After all, neoplasms are viral in nature, their appearance is evidence of weakened immunity and increased HPV activity. If the body does not suppress this activity on its own, then the warts will increase in number and size, affecting more and more healthy skin. It will be much more difficult to bring them together.

In the case of the first appearance of neoplasms, consultation with a doctor is especially important, because patients need to be explained the further course of the infectious process and given recommendations that will help avoid relapses.

When warts recur, contacting a doctor will allow an examination of the tumors, excluding any other disease with similar symptoms. If the growths are not warts, the doctor will be able to refer the patient to other specialists in time to treat the disease.

The doctor is required to prescribe tests to determine the type of virus and an examination to determine the benignity of the formations. This step will allow you to get rid of the malignant tumor in time before it greatly increases in size and metastasizes.

Course of the disease

Due to differences in the structure of the reproductive systems, anogenital condylomas manifest themselves differently in women and men. Formations in the area of ​​the foreskin and vulva are clearly visible, and the presence of internal growths can only be suspected due to the appearance of unpleasant symptoms.

In men

One of the most unpleasant neoplasms is urogenital papilloma. it can be located inside the urethra, causing difficulty in eliminating urine and pain during sexual intercourse. such damage to the urethra is not only unpleasant, but also dangerous, because with an increase in size and number, condylomas can completely block the urethra.

formations on a man’s penis are visible to the naked eye. may appear as nodules and growths, most often appearing in groups. The first appearance of such neoplasms is observed in adolescents during puberty and associated hormonal changes in the body. The growths can cause itching and pain.

among women

The female reproductive system involves the location of most of it inside the body. in this regard, it is possible to find out about the presence of condylomas on the mucous membrane of the vagina and cervix only through a gynecological examination.

the appearance of new formations may not have any accompanying symptoms. as, indeed, many other gynecological problems.

in this regard, doctors recommend visiting a gynecologist several times a year so that he can conduct a visual examination of the vaginal mucosa.

If the patient has condylomas on the genitals, then an examination of the cervix will be required to exclude or confirm its involvement with warts.

diagnostics

If new growths similar to warts appear, you should visit a dermatologist. he will examine the anogenital area and, if necessary, refer you to other doctors - a urologist, proctologist, gynecologist and oncologist. a visit to the latter is necessary in case of suspected malignancy.

the appearance of neoplasms in a person is evidence of his contact with a carrier of the virus.

therefore, it is advisable to inform your sexual partners over the past few months about the need to be examined - they could also have become infected.

To determine the type of virus and the degree of benignity of the formations, you will need to submit biomaterial for testing: blood, smears, anal epithelium, etc. The exact list of tests is determined by the doctor depending on the situation of the individual patient.

wart treatment

Human papillomavirus is difficult to cure. All that can be done when it manifests itself is to remove warts from the surface of the skin and mucous membranes. Methods for removing tumors are divided into conservative and radical. In addition, it is worth highlighting traditional medicine methods as a separate group.

Folk remedies

On the Internet you can often find recommendations to cauterize growths using iodine and celandine. But such treatment tactics are advisable only in the presence of tumors on the skin. If the affected area is the mucous membranes, and even more so the anus, vagina and urethra, then the use of these methods is strictly prohibited.

You can take baths with propolis, spruce branches and horse chestnut, and also lubricate warts with castor oil or tea tree oil diluted with water or olive oil.

This treatment of anogenital warts can speed up their healing, but will not have an effect on the human papillomavirus itself. In this regard, traditional methods are considered ineffective compared to other methods of treatment.

Surgical and hardware methods

Removal of anogenital warts is carried out using modern hardware technologies. Neoplasms can be:

• Excise with laser. Relevant for hard to reach places.
• Cauterize with high frequency electric current. This procedure is called electrocoagulation and is suitable for large tumors located close to the surface of the skin.
• Freeze. This procedure is only available when the growths are located outside. To carry it out, liquid nitrogen is used, which is applied to problem areas by spraying from a cryodestructor or with a cotton swab.

When it comes to a malignant tumor, as well as in a situation where a person has contraindications to hardware procedures, the doctor may recommend traditional surgical removal.

Its main disadvantages are the long recovery period, the risk of infection of the remaining wound and the high likelihood of scar formation.

Due to these disadvantages, this treatment method is recommended in situations where there is no other option.

How to get rid without surgery

The modern pharmaceutical industry produces drugs that have a cauterizing, freezing or dissolving effect on warts. Due to the specific location of anogenital warts, only some of these medications can be used to remove them, and even then under the supervision of doctors in a specialized clinic.

Most often, medications that contain interferon and antiviral substances are prescribed as conservative treatment. They must either be taken in tablet form or applied using a cotton-tipped applicator to papillomas if they are located externally.

Treatment prognosis

The likelihood of reappearance of warts near the anus and in the genital area is influenced by weakened immunity, neglect of personal hygiene rules, and various diseases that reduce the body’s defenses.

The treatment outcome is favorable. The most important thing here is to recognize the problem in time and consult a doctor as soon as possible.

To avoid relapse, you will need to regularly undergo treatment with antiviral drugs. The patient’s partner will also have to do this, because he is at risk.

What is the danger

In cases where warts are detected on the anogenital area, they must be treated without fail, because:

• Formations can lead to obstruction of the urethra and anus.
• Papillomas caused by type 16 virus can transform into malignant tumors.
• During the appearance of neoplasms, a person experiences unpleasant sensations and also becomes especially contagious to a sexual partner.

Are they dangerous during pregnancy?

The presence of warts on the skin of the anogenital area in a pregnant woman can lead to infection of the child during childbirth. To avoid this, women should promptly treat such formations and also take antiviral drugs to prevent relapses.

The effect of papillomavirus on the cervix

The risk of developing cervical cancer is low - only a small percentage of warts degenerate into tumors. The most dangerous are papillomas caused by highly oncogenic types of the virus.

Prevention measures

Monitoring your sex life and avoiding casual sex will help you avoid contracting the virus. And also - the use of condoms when contacting regular partners, because it is not at all a fact that they adhere to the same rules and principles.

Source: https://SkinPerfect.ru/borodavki/anogenitalnye

Anogenital warts diagnosis

• 01 August
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Contents: [hide]

• Symptoms
  • Among women
  • In men
  • Mucous membrane around the anus
  • Incubation period
• Why are genital warts dangerous?
  • Main hazards
  • Oncogenicity of formations
• Causes
• Genital warts in pregnant women
• Treatment
  • Chemicals and ointments
  • Removal methods
  • Removal at home
• Prevention
• Classification of condylomas
• How and why can you become infected?
  • Factors in the appearance of anogenital warts
• General symptoms
  • Patients' complaints
  • Signs of anogenital warts
  • Locations of condylomas
• Diagnosis of condylomas
• How are anogenital warts treated?
• What are venereal warts and papillomas?
• Stages of the disease
• Varieties
• Causes
• Symptoms of the disease
• Diagnostics
  • Complaints and anamnesis
  • Physical examination
  • Laboratory diagnostics
  • Instrumental diagnostics
  • Other diagnostics
• How is this disease treated?
• Traditional methods
• Possible complications
• Prevention

Genital warts are medically called genital warts and are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV).

At the initial stage of development, a papillary growth appears, soft and non-painful to the touch. In the process of changing the composition and functioning of epithelial cells, the virus begins to divide uncontrollably, occupies large areas, resulting in the appearance of genital warts.

The growth sites are located on the mucous membranes of the genitals, around the anus, and the oral cavity. It is transmitted through close contact with the skin of an infected person. The virus can stay in the body for a long time and not bother a person; a decrease in immunity provokes the growth of papilloma. Some formations are benign, others mutate into malignant ones.

Table of Contents

Symptoms

Papillomas are often not noticeable and do not cause discomfort to the infected person until they spread. Forming growths above the skin, they look like cauliflower (cockscomb). They interfere with urination and sexual intercourse.

Source: https://papillomnet.ru/papillomy/anogenitalnye-borodavki-diagnostika.html

Anogenital warts: causes of the disease, main symptoms, treatment and prevention

These are warts on the external or internal surfaces of the genitals and anal area; dry, white or grayish-pink; formations can be single or multiple. Anogenital warts interfere with normal sexual life and contribute to mental disorders and cause cosmetic defects.

The causative agent of the disease is the human papillomavirus HPV 6 or HPV 11 and is sexually transmitted.

Injuries during sexual intercourse, unprotected sexual intercourse, infectious, inflammatory diseases of the genital organs, sexually transmitted diseases, onset of sexual activity at an early age; immunodeficiency, diabetes mellitus; bad habits; failure to comply with personal hygiene rules - sharing underwear, excessive sweating. Children become infected while passing through the birth canal of a sick mother; contact transmission from caregivers.

Symptoms of anogenital warts

Warts can be in the form of papules, spots of grayish, pinkish, reddish color, papillae, flesh-colored nodules; can be single or multiple, in the form of cauliflower inflorescences. Swelling in the genital area, changes in skin color, and the appearance of dense areas of gray skin in the form of bumps are observed.

In men, anogenital warts appear on the head and body of the penis, scrotum, groin area, perineum, and external urethral opening. In women - labia minora and majora, clitoris, vaginal walls, external urethral opening; anus. Warts are accompanied by itching, pain, cracks, and bleeding during sexual intercourse.

Diagnosis of anogenital warts

A thorough examination of the anogenital area is carried out; urethroscopy, anoscopy, meatoscopy, histological examination, cytological examination of the cervix, colcoscopy; ELISA for syphilis, HIV, hepatitis C and B, PCR for chlamydia, HPV 16-18, 31-33.

Treatment of anogenital warts

Adequate treatment is prescribed when determining the degree of damage: destructive therapy, cryodestruction, laser therapy; radiosurgery, electrocoagulation, photodynamic, cytological, immunomodulatory therapy. Medicines: Solcoderm, Podophyllin, Podofilox, Imiquimod (Aldara).

Prevention of anogenital warts

Regular visits and examinations by a doctor, use of condoms during sexual intercourse; prevention of sexually transmitted infectious diseases, exclusion of casual sexual intercourse; giving up bad habits, observing personal hygiene rules, getting vaccinated against HPV; increase immunity.

Source: https://www.obozrevatel.com/health/bolezni/anogenitalnyie-borodavki.htm