What diseases require consultation with a gastroenterologist?

Who is a gastroenterologist

A gastroenterologist is a doctor who diagnoses, treats and prevents diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. This doctor also treats diseases of the gallbladder, liver, and pancreas.

As a rule, children with abdominal pain and digestive disorders are taken to a pediatrician, and adult patients visit a general practitioner. After a standard examination, if indicated, the general practitioner refers the patient to a gastroenterologist.

This specialist works in hospitals, clinics, scientific and practical medical centers.

What diseases does it treat?

A gastroenterologist treats a wide range of diseases. However, many people believe that this doctor only treats gastritis, but this is not true. Below is a list of diseases and conditions treated by a gastroenterologist:

1. Gastritis. This is an inflammation of the mucous membrane caused by various factors. It can occur in both acute and chronic forms.
2. Ulcer of the duodenum, stomach. A dangerous disease that, during an exacerbation, can cause bleeding and even perforation (exit of stomach contents through the abdominal opening).
3. Cholecystitis. This is an inflammation of the walls of the gallbladder. The provoking factor is stagnation of bile.
4. Calculous cholecystitis. In this pathological condition, dense rocky formations (calculi) are found in the cavity of the gallbladder.
5. Dyskinesia of the bile ducts. A disease in which the bile ducts narrow, preventing the flow of bile.
6. Cirrhosis. An irreversible process that affects the liver. Due to this pathology, liver tissue is replaced by connective tissue due to various reasons.
7. Polyps, inflammation of the spleen, cystic formations.
8. Duodenitis (inflammation of the duodenum).
9. Non-infectious hepatitis.
10. Nonspecific colitis.
11. Enterocolitis (inflammation of the mucous membrane of the upper intestine).
12. Pancreatitis. This is an inflammatory process in the pancreas, which is acute or chronic. Surgeons deal with acute pancreatitis, and gastroenterologists deal with chronic pancreatitis.

The listed diseases are only a small part of the pathologies that are within the competence of a gastroenterologist.

Taking into account the peculiarities of the course of the disease and its type, the doctor carefully selects a therapeutic regimen.

In the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, an integrated approach is important: taking medications, physiotherapy, following a special diet, following recommendations for normalizing the level of physical activity.

In some cases, it is possible to eliminate the pathology with the help of regular diet correction, namely by eliminating harmful foods.

In children, gluten and lactose intolerance occur; special tests can identify them.

Narrow specializations of the gastroenterological field:

• coloproctology (colon therapy);
• hepatology (therapy of diseases of the liver, gall bladder, ducts);
• proctology (treatment of the rectum, anus).

Some specialists treat certain pathologies - hypertrophic gastritis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, etc.

Every gastroenterologist must have excellent knowledge in the field of anatomy of the digestive system, be able to distinguish the symptoms of various diseases, know the features of their manifestations, diagnostic techniques, and new therapeutic techniques.

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In what cases do you consult a gastroenterologist?

Diseases of the digestive organs occur among people of various age categories and are quite common. Therefore, people of all ages come to see this specialist – from infants to the elderly.

Infants mainly suffer from dysbacteriosis, adolescents – from diseases caused by poor nutrition, and adults – from diseases that appear as a result of an unhealthy lifestyle, unfavorable environmental conditions, frequent stress and other factors.

Ideally, you should contact a doctor when the first unpleasant symptoms occur. No matter how doctors insist on the need for timely treatment, most patients turn to a gastroenterologist only in cases where they are already experiencing unbearable pain.

Unfortunately, as a rule, severe pain indicates advanced disease, requiring complex, lengthy and expensive treatment. It is for this reason that you should consult a doctor at the first signs of discomfort.

Below is a list of conditions that may cause a visit to a gastroenterologist:

• belching during meals, often with an unpleasant aftertaste;
• constant heartburn, particularly after eating;
• a feeling of bitterness in the mouth;
• pain in the stomach, intestines, hypochondrium;
• feeling of heaviness before eating;
• attacks of nausea;
• peeling of the skin;
• stool disorders;
• foul odor in the mouth;
• deterioration of hair and nails.

Another reason to consult a gastroenterologist is long-term use of medications, completion of a course of chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Appointment with a gastroenterologist

To establish the nature and cause of the pathological condition that worries the patient, the doctor conducts a comprehensive examination. To determine the diagnosis it is necessary:

1. Listen and analyze the patient's complaints. The information obtained will help to identify the localization of the pathology and suggest possible malfunctions in the functioning of the digestive system.
2. Conduct a palpation examination to assess the size of internal organs and confirm hypotheses.
3. Prescribe detailed, biochemical, phosphatase, amylase blood tests to identify disturbances in the functioning of internal organs.
4. Get the results of a urine test - general and sugar - to detect problems with the liver and pancreas.
5. Send the patient for an ultrasound examination of the peritoneal organs.
6. Perform fibrogastroduadenoscopy (FGDS).
7. If it is impossible to perform an FGDS (for example, due to an increased gag reflex), prescribe an x-ray of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.
8. Send the patient for a computed tomography scan to detect or exclude the presence of a tumor.
9. Perform endoscopy if there is a suspicion of a tumor or ulcer.

Having studied the collected anamnesis, the results of instrumental and laboratory tests, the gastroenterologist draws up a treatment plan. The patient will significantly speed up his own recovery if he strictly follows the doctor’s recommendations.

For some diseases, the participation of doctors of related specialties is necessary; if symptoms intensify, complications or new suspicions arise. You may need to consult a therapist, surgeon, resuscitator, infectious disease specialist, or oncologist.

You should not make any claims to the doctor regarding his competence, because he makes every effort to establish the correct diagnosis and prescribe adequate treatment.

Pediatric gastroenterologist

An adult doctor cannot accurately detect and differentiate diseases in children in all cases, since at this age the digestive organs work very specifically. So, a pediatric gastroenterologist is involved in the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases at an early age.

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This specialist examines pathologies of the digestive system of infants, schoolchildren, and adolescents. It treats diseases such as esophagitis, ulcers, duodenitis, gastritis, colitis, hepatitis. If a child complains of a burning sensation and pain in the stomach, you should immediately contact a gastroenterologist to prevent further progression of the disease.

The sooner the reaction occurs, the more successful the treatment will be.

Consultation with a specialist is necessary for the following symptoms:

• stool disorder;
• loss of appetite;
• bad breath;
• sudden weight loss;
• nausea, vomiting, belching, heartburn;
• bleeding from the digestive organs;
• constant pain in the abdominal area.

The pediatric gastroenterologist will listen to the little patient, examine him, and ask the parents about the characteristics of the child’s gradual development, the presence of genetic diseases, detected and treated pathologies, and the daily diet.

After the initial examination and consultation, the doctor will prescribe tests: ultrasound examination of the digestive tract, general blood test, stool examination for dysbacteriosis, carbohydrates, and, if necessary, consultation with other specialists.

Based on the examination results, the doctor will select a therapeutic course. It is important to constantly maintain contact with the doctor, come for monitoring, and adjust therapy taking into account changes in the child’s condition.

Gastroenterologist: tests and examinations he conducts Link to main publication

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Gastroenterologist - what kind of doctor, what does he treat? What symptoms should I treat?

Gastroenterologist is a doctor involved in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases of the digestive system. When pain appears in the abdominal area, patients turn to a therapist, and he refers them to a gastroenterologist. In addition to treatment, this specialist studies issues of motility and secretion of the digestive organs, monitors their condition in the presence of other pathologies.

Gastroenterologist is a doctor who diagnoses and treats pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract

What does a gastroenterologist treat?

A gastroenterologist diagnoses and treats the following diseases:

Problems with the digestive system occur in people living in cities with poor ecology, harmful working conditions, bad habits, and congenital predisposition.

Also, the causes of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract can be stress, disruptions in the endocrine system, autoimmune disorders, taking antibiotics and hormonal drugs, infectious pathologies and infection with parasites.

Important! Diseases of the digestive system have a negative effect on the entire body. They lead to deterioration in the appearance of hair, skin and nails, decreased immunity, metabolic disorders, pain in muscles and bones, insomnia and numbness of the extremities.

If gastrointestinal diseases are left untreated, they can cause complications from the cardiovascular system. These include:

• angina pectoris;
• arrhythmia;
• heart attack;
• stroke.

Against the background of damage to the digestive organs, the following complications often develop:

• glossitis;
• anular stomatitis;
• neurodermatitis;
• eczema;
• bleeding gums;
• damage to the pituitary gland;
• disorders of the thyroid gland and gonads.

The most common disease diagnosed by a pediatric gastroenterologist is lactase deficiency. It occurs when there is insufficient production of lactase, an enzyme that breaks down lactose and enters the baby’s body in large quantities from breast milk.

This provokes intestinal spasms and accumulation of gases. Doctors consider this phenomenon normal for newborns under the age of 3.5 months. But it is necessary to help the child, since pain and frequent diarrhea lead to the fact that he does not gain weight well and is constantly capricious.

Discomfort usually occurs after eating. A good gastroenterologist, first of all, will advise holding the baby upright after feeding so that the air that he swallowed comes out. Then you need to stroke the baby’s belly clockwise in a gentle circular motion.

A woman who is breastfeeding should avoid taking foods that cause gas.

In children aged 1 to 4 years, abdominal pain may appear after stress, even minor ones. Pathologies such as dysbiosis, cystic fibrosis, congenital anomalies of the esophagus, salmonellosis and giardiasis are also common.

What symptoms should you contact a gastroenterologist for?

You should make an appointment with a gastroenterologist if you have the following symptoms:

• pain in the stomach, peritoneum, hypochondrium and epigastric region;

Stomach pain is a reason to consult a gastroenterologist

• heartburn;
• hiccups;
• belching;
• nausea and vomiting;
• bitterness in the mouth and unpleasant aftertaste;
• diarrhea or constipation;
• non-infectious skin rashes;
• bloating;
• flatulence;
• change in the color of stool, the presence of blood or mucus in it.

Pain syndrome in diseases of the digestive system can spread throughout the abdominal cavity or be localized in the umbilical region.

Note! Men are 40% more likely to suffer from gastrointestinal diseases. This is due to late visits to the doctor and uncontrolled alcohol consumption.

You should go to a pediatric gastroenterologist if you have the following symptoms:

• lack of appetite;
• fast fatiguability;
• bloating and rumbling;
• causeless abdominal pain;
• bowel dysfunction;
• skin rashes and itching;
• discomfort after eating milk or fermented milk products;
• child's lag in physical and psychomotor development;
• bad breath;
• inflammation of the external genitalia in girls.

If your child complains of belching, nighttime abdominal pain and a bitter taste in the mouth, you should consult a doctor immediately.

Note! Children should not be allowed to eat chips, chewing gum, sugary carbonated drinks, fast food or other unhealthy foods. They can cause serious harm to the gastrointestinal tract.

Where does a gastroenterologist see

You can contact a gastroenterologist at a district clinic or at a private medical center

You can make an appointment with a gastroenterologist by phone or by filling out a special form on the clinic’s website. A doctor can see you for free in a regional hospital or for a fee in a private clinic.

• The cost of a consultation with a gastroenterologist in Moscow varies between 900-14,000 rubles.
• An appointment with a gastroenterologist in St. Petersburg will cost the patient 800-5500 rubles.
• The price of a consultation with a gastroenterologist in Rostov-on-Don is 900-3300 rubles, in Perm – 600-3100 rubles, in Yekaterinburg – 1000-2700 rubles, in Novosibirsk – 1000-3000 rubles, in Kostroma – 600-1200 rubles.

How is the examination carried out?

At an appointment with a gastroenterologist, the patient must describe in detail the existing symptoms and the suspected causes of their occurrence. Then the doctor palpates the abdomen and prescribes additional diagnostic examination. This may include:

1. Gastroscopy. Allows you to visually assess the condition of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum using a gastroscope and make a diagnosis. Gastroscopy reveals ulcers, chronic gastritis, stomach cancer, polyps and other pathologies. The patient may not experience painful sensations or memories, since the examination takes place under anesthesia. During gastroscopy, the doctor may additionally conduct a rapid test for Helicobacter pylori and a biopsy if tumor processes are suspected.
2. Gastropanel. A modern non-invasive research method that allows you to assess the anatomical and functional state of the gastric mucosa.
3. Computed tomography and MRI of the abdominal cavity. The most accurate diagnostic methods that help the doctor detect even the smallest tumor or erosion.
4. Study of pancreatic enzymes. Prescribed for suspected acute pancreatitis.
5. Liver tests. Designed to assess basic liver functions.
6. Biochemical tests. They help evaluate the content of sugar, protein, cholesterol and other indicators in the blood.
7. Tumor markers and markers of ulcerative colitis.
8. Ultrasound of the abdominal organs. Allows you to check the functioning of the gallbladder, liver, spleen and pancreas.

Note! Before planned endoscopic examinations, the patient is strictly prohibited from consuming food and liquid, smoking and taking any medications.

Gastroscopy is a reliable method for diagnosing gastric pathologies

After the procedure, it is not recommended to eat or drink for 40 minutes. After the biopsy, you are allowed to eat food only cold.

The most informative test for children is a stool test for dysbacteriosis. The state of the intestinal microflora helps the doctor check the functioning of the entire intestine. Many diseases of the digestive system can be cured after correcting dysbiosis.

Children may also be prescribed the following tests to make a diagnosis:

• Ultrasound of the abdominal cavity;
• CT scan;
• urease test to detect Helicobacter pylori;
• general and biochemical blood tests;
• fibroesophagogastroadenoscopy.

Treatment of gastroenterological diseases

The treatment regimen for gastrointestinal diseases may include the following medications:

• antibiotics;
• antiviral and antiprotozoal agents;
• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
• immunomodulators;
• antisecretory drugs;
• enzyme agents;
• immunosuppressants;
• sorbents;
• antifibrotic drugs;
• probiotics;
• steroid hormones;
• cholekinetics;
• choleretics;
• sulfonamides;
• antacids;
• medications for constipation and diarrhea;
• sedatives;
• vitamin products;
• hepatoprotectors;
• herbal remedies.

Also, during treatment, the patient is prescribed a diet, selected depending on the disease. Some patients are recommended to undergo therapeutic fasting. It helps improve the condition of pancreatitis, chronic gastritis and other gastrointestinal pathologies.

Effective physiotherapeutic procedures for diseases of the digestive system include:

• intake of sulfate-sodium-magnesium drinking water;
• high-intensity high-frequency magnetic therapy;
• local cryotherapy;
• low-intensity UHF therapy;
• infrared laser therapy;
• ultrasound therapy;
• peloidotherapy;
• paraffin therapy;
• electrophoresis of antispasmodics;
• galvanization of the stomach;
• nitrogen and pine baths;
• ozokerite applications;
• hyperbaric oxygenation.

Important! In case of chronic diseases and aggravated course, surgical intervention is required.

In case of acute abdominal pain, children should not be given painkillers, as they complicate differential diagnosis. Thermal procedures are also prohibited.

To avoid unpleasant consequences, you should not allow your child to stay in the open sun for a long time during the first three days. Children under 1 year old can only drink purified bottled water.

Meals should not include exotic foods, unknown fruits and vegetables.

Prevention

To prevent diseases of the digestive tract, it is necessary to thoroughly wash vegetables and fruits before eating.

To prevent gastroenterological diseases in adults and children, doctors recommend following these rules:

1. Provide a nutritious diet.
2. Walk outdoors more often.
3. Teach your child to eat in moderation.
4. Periodically consume fermented milk products to activate intestinal function.
5. Introduce cooked and raw vegetables, dried fruits and fiber-enriched foods into your child’s diet.
6. Monitor the quality of cooked meat and fish to avoid salmonella contamination.
7. Before consumption, thoroughly wash vegetables, fruits and berries.
8. Wash your hands with soap after a walk.
9. Increase immunity.
10. Get your child vaccinated against hepatitis A.
11. Avoid overwork and poor nutrition, as this causes increased production of ketone bodies in the child’s body.

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What tests are needed for an appointment with a gastroenterologist - Self-register with a doctor online

A gastroenterologist is one of the most popular medical specialists. A lot of factors in our time contribute to the emergence of various problems with the digestive system. And it is gastroenterology that is the field of medicine focused on the treatment of these diseases. When it is necessary to go to an appointment with a gastroenterologist, and what tests are needed, we will consider in our article.

Who is a gastroenterologist

A gastroenterologist is a doctor specializing in diagnosis, preventive measures and treatment of various diseases of the digestive system. The digestive system includes not only the gastrointestinal tract, but also the organs that participate in the digestion process.

Patients with complaints of pain in the abdominal area are referred to this specialist.

There are gastroenterology specialists who specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of pathologies of a specific organ of the digestive system. This is explained by the fact that today a large amount of information has accumulated about diseases and treatment of each organ and its amount is increasing every year. The following gastroenterologists with a narrow specialization can be identified:

• hepatologists involved in the treatment of diseases of the liver, biliary tract and gallbladder;
• coloproctologists specialize in the treatment of the large intestine and rectum;
• Pancreatologists treat the pancreas.

What diseases are included in the specialization of a gastroenterologist?

A gastroenterologist treats the following diseases of the digestive system:

1. Diseases of the esophagus - esophagitis, hiatal hernia, Barrett's esophagus and others;
2. Diseases of the stomach and duodenum - all types of stomach disorders, gastritis, duodenitis, erosions, peptic ulcers, polyps and neoplasms;
3. Pathologies of the small intestine - all types of chronic enteritis, celiac disease, lactose intolerance, etc.;
4. Diseases of the large intestine - irritable bowel syndrome, chronic ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, etc.;
5. Liver pathologies – hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatosis, liver tumors;
6. Pathological conditions of the gallbladder and biliary tract - chronic cholecystitis, cholangitis, cholelithiasis, biliary dyskinesia, neoplasms of the biliary tract;
7. Diseases of the pancreas – chronic pancreatitis, neoplasms of the pancreas.

In addition to diseases that occur in adults and children (gastritis, peptic ulcers, etc.), pediatric gastroenterologists treat congenital pathologies of the digestive system.

In what cases is it necessary to see a gastroenterologist?

From time to time, problems with the digestive system occur in more people, but not every malfunction of the gastrointestinal tract is a reason for a visit to a gastroenterologist. An appointment with a gastroenterologist is required for people who feel:

• Attacks of heartburn after eating;
• Unpleasant belching or bitter taste in the mouth;
• Nausea, heaviness in the stomach, “hungry” pain attacks (appearing before eating and disappearing after a certain period after eating);
• Pain in the intestines or stomach;
• Problems with stool (constipation, diarrhea);
• Change in the color of stool, the presence of mucus or blood in it;
• The appearance of a non-infectious rash

Pain due to the abdominal organs can be felt over the entire surface of the abdomen, localized in the navel, in the right or left iliac region.

Important! People who notice a deterioration in the condition of hair and nails without objective reasons also need to visit a gastroenterologist.

What tests do you need to take for a gastroenterologist?

An initial visit to a specialist is usually accompanied by established standards and requirements. Typically, a patient comes to a gastroenterologist from a general practitioner.

In such cases, the general practitioner prescribes the necessary studies and diagnostic measures. Further tests and diagnostic procedures are determined by the gastroenterologist.

Therefore, you must come to your doctor’s appointment with a card and the results of previous examinations and conclusions.

Before the appointment, you will need to submit a fresh blood biochemistry test (AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, lipase, amylase, GGTP) to the gastroenterologist; in addition, it is good to analyze the coprogram and stool for dysbacteriosis. Often, the therapist prescribes an ultrasound of the abdominal cavity and FGDS.

If we are talking about what types of tests are prescribed by a gastroenterologist, then we should immediately stipulate that the diagnosis of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract has its own specifics. Nowadays, a doctor has many testing methods at his disposal to help make a correct diagnosis. Diagnosis of certain diseases of the gastrointestinal tract is carried out using the following tests:

• Alanine aminotransferase;
• Alpha 1-antitrypsin;
• Alpha 1-acid glycoprotein;
• Amylase;
• Analysis of stool for the presence of dysbacteriosis;
• Aspartate aminotransferase;
• Blood biochemistry;
• Gamma glutamyl transferase;
• Lipase;
• Markers for the presence of hepatitis;
• General protein analysis;
• Proteinogram;
• Prothrombin time;
• Cholinesterase;
• Alkaline photosphase.

This list of tests forms the methodological basis for diagnosing diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

In addition, in addition to the standard stool analysis for dysbacteriosis, there is a more detailed type of study called a coprogram.

It is used when it is necessary to assess the digestive and enzymatic capacity of the stomach, identify signs of inflammatory processes and analyze microbial activity.

Another test that is common in gastroenterology is a test to determine hidden bleeding. It is based on the detection of hidden hemoglobin.

Important! If the patient is taking iron supplements or other medications, be sure to notify the doctor. Because medications can distort test results.

If necessary, laboratory diagnosis is supplemented by diagnostic procedures of the gastrointestinal tract, such as enzyme immunoassay of stool and blood plasma.

Thus, it is absolutely not necessary to take tests yourself, unless they are recommended by the treating specialist. A gastroenterologist prescribes tests, depending on preliminary diagnostic procedures (palpation, questioning, etc.).

Source: https://zapis-online.ru/registratura/na-priem-k-gastroenterologu-kakie-analizy-nuzhny/

Alarming symptoms: when should you contact a gastroenterologist?

Class Clinic

According to some estimates, diseases such as chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers today affect more than a quarter of the Russian population. If you take good care of your health, you can identify ailments in the early stages and prevent them from developing into more severe and chronic forms, as well as severe complications. We talked with Class Clinic gastroenterologist Robiya Damirovna Arabova about the exact situations in which it is necessary to urgently contact a specialist in the gastroenterology department.

Tell us, what signs should alert a person and may indicate diseases of the gastrointestinal tract?

• There are a number of characteristic signs that are familiar to many:
• - heartburn, burning, nausea, bloating, chest pain, which usually occurs during or after eating;
• - constant belching with an unpleasant aftertaste, an odor not characteristic of food, bitterness in the mouth, regular occurrence of bad breath;
• - changes in taste, appetite, weight;
• - frequent pain in the epigastric region (upper abdomen);
• - pain in the right hypochondrium and lower abdomen;
• - abdominal pain of any localization.

In addition, it is imperative to consult a specialist if there are stool problems: change in color, persistent constipation or diarrhea. A particularly dangerous symptom is tarry (dark, black) stools; it can be a sign of bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal tract, and this is a reason for emergency hospitalization. You should be seriously wary if the patient did not eat foods that could color the stool, and also if the patient the day before took non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (diclofenac, ketorolac, nimesulide, etc.).

In what situations is it better to play it safe and call an ambulance?

Symptoms for which it is necessary to urgently call an ambulance are signs of the so-called “acute abdomen” characteristic of diseases of the digestive system. These include intense acute pain, nausea, vomiting, frequent loose stools, accompanied by fever or without it.  

Such pain is not recommended to be relieved with painkillers, as the clinical picture of the disease can be hidden and complications may arise. Moreover, in some cases, the “acute abdomen” hidden by the action of painkillers may not allow the doctor to provide timely assistance, which will lead to irreversible consequences.

Acute pain in this disease occurs when, for one reason or another, a stone moves and clogs the bile duct, causing biliary colic, body temperature may rise, and signs of jaundice may appear. These symptoms are also a reason to immediately call an ambulance.  

Are there any indirect signs of digestive diseases that patients less often pay attention to?

Gastroenterological diseases may cause peeling, dry skin, and various types of rashes. It is important to pay attention to changes in skin color.

The appearance of yellowing of the skin, as a rule, occurs when the liver and gallbladder are not functioning properly; pallor (especially with a peptic ulcer) may indicate an exacerbation and development of bleeding.

If you suspect a pathology of the gastrointestinal tract, you should pay attention to the hair and nails; for example, hair loss and brittle nails may indicate the development of intestinal diseases.

A characteristic symptom is dysphagia (impaired swallowing), pain when swallowing, and frequent sore throats.

Often, with chronic tonsillopharyngitis, patients are seen only by an ENT doctor, and the reason lies in disorders of the digestive system.

This happens when constant irritation of the pharyngeal mucosa by substances involved in digestion aggravates chronic pharyngitis and tonsillitis.

Against the background of other symptoms, diseases of the digestive system are often indicated by irritability, sudden mood swings, fatigue, decreased performance, and apathy.

In such situations, people, as a rule, turn to therapists, arthrologists, and traumatologists, but do not think that the cause of the pain is a gastroenterological problem. You need to understand that with such signs it is necessary to exclude diseases of the digestive system.

Important signs may be drowsiness after eating and weakness. A dangerous symptom is a change in the perception of taste, the appearance of an aversion to meat or any other food.

In a word, any atypical, unpleasant phenomena associated with food intake should be alarming.

In general, the appearance of any discomfort associated with eating or the digestion process is already a reason to contact a gastroenterologist.

Today, many people talk about the importance of cancer vigilance. Tell us, what characteristic symptoms may indicate the development of cancer in the digestive organs?

It is necessary to highlight a sharp decrease or increase in weight. Sudden weight loss often indicates the oncological nature of diseases of the digestive organs, the presence of intestinal parasites, and a malfunction of the pancreas. Such cases are a good reason to contact a gastroenterologist and conduct an examination.

Here it is also very important to know about predisposition, since among the causes of oncological problems, the dominant ones are heredity and the influence of a number of other factors (smoking, ecology, chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, ulcers, Helicobacter Pylori infection, etc.).

In case of gastric cancer, for example, early signs may be chronic fatigue, unexplained weight loss, unmotivated loss of appetite, aversion to meat foods, periodic epigastric discomfort, nausea, and increased salivation.

Most developed countries practice preventive diagnosis of cancer.

In cases where a person has a relative on one of the lines with cancer, he is examined annually in order to promptly detect the disease at an early stage or prevent its occurrence.

For such diagnostics, during annual examinations, gastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy (endoscopic examination of the stomach and large intestine), ultrasound, laboratory diagnostics, etc. are used.

Tell us, with what complaints do people most often turn to a gastroenterologist for such common problems as gastritis and peptic ulcers?

It should be noted that it is quite difficult to distinguish these diseases from each other in the early stages.

The symptoms will be very similar - these are complaints of pain in the stomach, under the sternum (popularly - in the stomach), this can be nausea, hunger pain, and also pain after eating.

The duration of pain attacks may vary. It is important to understand that with both gastritis and ulcers, pain will be the main symptom.

Another feature of these diseases is seasonal exacerbation, which occurs in spring and autumn. Stress exacerbations are also extremely characteristic of these diseases.

For a long time it was believed that chronic stress is one of the causes of peptic ulcer disease; now it is considered as one of the main risk factors.

If the symptoms that I described occur, especially with a characteristic seasonality, you should be wary and immediately contact a gastroenterologist.

Make an appointment with Robiya Damirovna Arabova on the website or by phone (4012) 33-44-55. When you register on the website, there is a 20% discount on your initial appointment.

Source: https://www.class-clinic.com/o-klinike/stati/445-trevozhnye-simptomy-kogda-nuzhno-obrashchatsya-k-gastroenterologu

Consultation with a gastroenterologist

Why do you need a consultation with a gastroenterologist?

According to the recommendations of the European Association of Gastroenterologists, every adult needs a preventive visit to a gastroenterologist at least once every 2-3 years, and more often if there are certain disorders of the digestive system. Preventive examination can dramatically reduce the development of stomach and duodenal ulcers and their complications, as well as stomach and rectal cancer.

Important: Minor disorders of the gastrointestinal tract may hide serious diseases of various organs and systems.

Why is it important to consult a gastroenterologist if you suspect a gastrointestinal disease?

Consultation with a gastroenterologist is required for all patients with gastrointestinal disorders.

You will ask why? Firstly, a gastroenterologist based on your complaints (abdominal pain, hiccups, heartburn, belching with acid or bitterness), external manifestations of the disease (bad breath, dental caries, pain in the abdominal area, changes in body weight, stool disorders – constipation, diarrhea), as well as the results of examinations, will confirm or refute the disruption of the gastrointestinal tract as the cause of concern for you.

Secondly, a gastroenterologist will prescribe the diagnostic examination methods you need in order to make an accurate diagnosis and identify dysfunctions of a specific organ of the digestive system: stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas.

After all, the most important thing in medical prescriptions and recommendations is the possibility of their implementation by you and the resulting relief and cure.

Below you will find basic information regarding the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases at the Swiss University Hospital. We ask you to read it in detail so that we can provide you with the most effective medical care.

In what cases is it necessary to consult a gastroenterologist?

If you are constantly concerned about the following changes in your health in the gastrointestinal tract, it is advisable for you to immediately seek medical help from a gastroenterologist:

loss of appetite and intolerance to certain types of food; changes in the skin (yellowness); belching with acid or bitterness; bad breath; metallic taste in the mouth; persistent constant hiccups; heartburn;
• constant pain in the abdomen, especially dull, aching, including at night or after eating;
• bloating (flatulence);
• periodic vomiting;
• bowel disorders (chronic constipation or diarrhea).

Some other diseases of the skin, metabolism and endocrine system require mandatory consultation with a gastroenterologist - skin diseases (acne, boils, eczema, various dermatitis, rosacea and others), overweight, obesity, diabetes.

In addition, we recommend that patients suffering from chronic diseases and constantly taking medications (cardiology, musculoskeletal system, neurology, psychotherapy, etc.) undergo preventive examinations with a gastroenterologist.

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You also cannot ignore the general symptoms of gastrointestinal diseases, which indicate serious dysfunctions of the body - weakness, irritability, insomnia, trembling of fingers, fever and a number of others. It is necessary to consult a gastroenterologist at the first signs of the disease.

IMPORTANT: The appearance of blood in the stool or vomit requires urgent consultation with a gastroenterologist.

How does a consultation with a gastroenterologist proceed?

During the consultation, the gastroenterologist will clarify your complaints, your lifestyle, nutritional patterns and eating habits, previous diseases, hereditary predispositions, review the data from previous examinations, conduct an examination and prescribe appropriate examinations.

Even before receiving the final results of treatment, the gastroenterologist may prescribe so-called preliminary treatment - treatment ex juvantibus, in addition, he will recommend a therapeutic diet.

What basic and additional examinations can a gastroenterologist prescribe?

The main examination methods available to our Clinic’s gastroenterologist include:

• clinical and biochemical blood test;
• test for Helicobacter Pylori;
• Ultrasound examination (ultrasound) of the abdominal organs;
• gastroscopy (esophagogastroduodenoscopy, endoscopy);
• PH –metry;
• Urease test for Helicobacter;
• colonoscopy (fibrocolonoscopy, FCS);
• rectoscopy (instrumental and manual);
• coprogram (stool analysis);
• stool analysis for dysbacteriosis;
• computed tomography (CT) of the abdominal cavity;
• Radioisotope scanning;
• X-ray of the gastrointestinal tract.

In some cases, for example, to exclude adhesive disease with constant pain, diagnostic laparoscopy may be prescribed.

The feasibility and necessity of specific examinations and diagnostic procedures in each individual case is determined by the doctor. Based on the results of the examination, high-quality and optimally dosed treatment is prescribed.

What gastrointestinal diseases are treated in the Swiss clinic?

One of the leading advantages of treating diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in our clinic is the close union of gastroenterologists, endoscopists and operating surgeons.

We clearly understand the limits of conservative treatment, and we know in which situations the disease requires only surgical treatment.

The main diseases of the stomach, intestines, pancreas, gall bladder and liver, which are successfully diagnosed and treated in our clinic:

• gastritis.
• stomach ulcer;
• duodenal ulcer;
• colitis;
• gastroduodenitis;
• dysbacteriosis;
• cholecystitis;
• pancreatitis;
• constipation;
• bauginitis – dysfunction of the sphincter (bauginian valve);
• chronic diarrhea;
• reflux esophagitis;
• smell from the mouth.

What endoscopic diagnostic methods are used at the Swiss University Hospital?

We widely use the most modern methods of therapeutic and diagnostic video endoscopy, including video gastroscopy, video colonoscopy, performed with selective staining (chromoscopy) and therapeutic and diagnostic biopsy.

Video gastroscopy (esophagogastroduodenoscopy - EGDS) is used to study the condition and functioning of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum. Using video gastroscopy, various inflammatory and tumor diseases of these organs are detected.

The most common are various forms of esophagitis, gastritis and duodenitis, sometimes in combination with erosive or ulcerative lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract. The most dangerous diagnosed diseases are malignant tumors of the stomach or esophagus.

Early endoscopic diagnosis of such pathology ensures successful treatment.

Video colonoscopy (fibrocolonoscopy - FCS) is used to study the condition of the entire colon and terminal ileum.

This method diagnoses various forms of colitis, disorders of intestinal tone and motility, erosive and ulcerative lesions. Very often, benign neoplasms (polyps) are detected in the colon.

The most serious disease diagnosed by colonoscopy is colon cancer.

Through a gastroscope or colonoscope, special endoscopic instruments (loops, electrodes) are used to remove benign polyps completely painlessly, without the use of anesthesia or abdominal surgery, before they degenerate into cancer.

More detailed information about these methods is presented in the corresponding section of our website.

IMPORTANT: we conduct an endoscopic examination of the gastrointestinal tract during medicated sleep so that the patient does not experience any discomfort.

Source: https://www.swiss-clinic.ru/konsultatsii/konsultatsiya-gastroenterologa/

Gastroenterologist – what does this doctor treat?

A gastroenterologist is a doctor who deals with the diagnosis, treatment, and timely prevention of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (stomach, various parts of the intestines, esophagus). The doctor also treats diseases of the liver, pancreas, and gall bladder.

Typically, with abdominal pain and digestive disorders, older people go to a therapist, and children are referred to a pediatrician. After a standard examination, if indicated, the general practitioner will refer you to a pediatric/adult gastroenterologist.

Such a specialist works in clinics, hospitals, scientific and practical medical centers.

Diseases treated by a gastroenterologist

Patients shorten the name of the doctor’s specialization to “gastrologist”; he treats stomach diseases, including gastritis. Since his competence includes a number of pathologies of all organs involved in digestion, it is more correct to call the doctor a gastroenterologist. His areas of expertise include diseases:

• stomach ulcer, duodenal ulcer . This is a dangerous pathology that, if worsened, can cause bleeding and perforation. Perforation is the exit of stomach contents through the peritoneal opening;
• gastritis . This is a pathology of the mucous membrane caused by various reasons. Occurs in acute and chronic forms;
• cholecystitis . This is an inflammatory process affecting the walls of the gallbladder. The cause is stagnation of bile;
• calculous cholecystitis . A condition in which the cavity of the gallbladder contains calculi (stones);
• bile duct dyskinesia . The bile ducts narrow, which interferes with or completely prevents the outflow of bile;
• cirrhosis _ These are irreversible processes that damage the liver. Against the background of pathology, liver tissue is replaced by connective tissue for various reasons;
• hepatitis of non-infectious etiology;
• pancreatitis . This is the name for acute or chronic inflammation of the pancreas. The acute form is dealt with by surgeons, the chronic course is treated by a gastroenterologist;
• cyst, inflammation of the spleen, polyps;
• nonspecific colitis;
• duodenitis (inflammation of the duodenum);
• enterocolitis (inflammation of the mucous membrane of the upper intestine).

The listed pathologies are only a part of the diseases that a gastroenterologist treats. Taking into account the peculiarities of their course and the types of pathological processes, a treatment regimen is carefully selected.

Patients are offered a set of measures, including medications, procedures, diet correction, and recommendations for normalizing the level of physical activity. Some situations can be normalized by simply adjusting your diet and eliminating harmful foods. Children may have lactose and gluten intolerance, which is determined by specific tests.

Gastroenterology includes narrow specializations:

• hepatology (treatment of diseases of the gallbladder, ducts, liver);
• coloproctology (treatment of the large intestine);
• proctology (treatment of the anus, rectum).

  Kinesiologist: who is this and what does this doctor treat?

Some gastroenterologists deal with specific diseases - GERD, hypertrophic gastritis, etc.

Every gastroenterologist must have an excellent understanding of anatomy, have knowledge of the functioning of the digestive system, be able to differentiate the symptoms of different diseases, know the nuances of their manifestations, master diagnostic techniques, and know about new treatment methods.

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When to consult a gastroenterologist

Diseases of the digestive system affect people of all ages and are quite common, so both adults and infants make an appointment with a gastroenterologist. Infants are often tormented by dysbiosis, adolescents by pathologies associated with an unbalanced diet, adults by diseases resulting from an unhealthy lifestyle, unfavorable environment, stress and other factors.

It is advisable to make an appointment with a doctor as soon as the first digestive ailments arise. Despite the admonitions of doctors, most patients make an appointment with a gastroenterologist only when they can no longer endure the pain.

Unfortunately, this usually indicates an advanced disease that will take a long, difficult time to treat. It is better to contact when symptoms just begin to cause discomfort. Such symptoms include heartburn, bloating, bitterness in the mouth, and stool disorders.

Specific body signals that require consultation with a gastroenterologist are as follows:

• bitterness in the mouth;
• belching during meals, often with an unpleasant aftertaste;
• foul odor in the mouth;
• constant heartburn, especially after eating;
• painful sensations under the ribs, in the intestines, stomach;
• feeling of heaviness before eating;
• nausea;
• problems with stool;
• peeling of the skin;
• bad appearance of nails and hair.

Another reason to contact a gastroenterologist would be long-term use of medications, completion of a course of radiotherapy or chemotherapy.

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Appointment with a gastroenterologist

To establish the nature and cause of the pathology that worries the patient, the gastroenterologist prescribes a comprehensive examination. To differentiate diseases, a number of measures are used:

• listening and analyzing patient complaints. Information helps determine the localization of the destructive process, suggest possible disruptions to the functioning of organs;
• palpation examination gives the doctor the opportunity to assess the size of the internal organs and confirm some assumptions;
• blood test (detailed, biochemical, with phosphatase, amylase) allows to identify disorders of internal organs;
• urine test (general, sugar). The study reveals problems with the pancreas and liver;
• Ultrasound of the peritoneal organs;
• fibrogastroduadenoscopy (FGDS);
• X-rays of the stomach, esophagus, and duodenum are prescribed when it is not possible to perform an FGDS (high gag reflex);
• CT can detect or exclude the presence of a tumor;
• endoscopy. It is carried out if an ulcer or tumor is suspected.

After studying the collected medical history, the results of instrumental and laboratory diagnostics, the doctor draws up a treatment plan. The patient will help the doctor if he follows all the instructions.

Some diseases require the participation of doctors of related specialties; if the pathological process worsens, complications and new suspicions appear.

Such specialists may be: a therapist, an oncologist, a surgeon, an infectious disease specialist, or a resuscitator.

  Psychologist-narcologist - what kind of doctor is this, what diseases does he treat?

Watch the video for daily advice from a gastroenterologist:

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Pediatric gastroenterologist

An adult doctor is not always able to accurately identify and differentiate diseases in children, since at an early age all digestive organs differ in the specifics of their work. Therefore, to diagnose and treat gastrointestinal diseases in children, you should make an appointment with a pediatric gastroenterologist.

He deals with the digestive system of children, schoolchildren, and teenagers. Pathologies treated by a specialist: gastritis, esophagitis, hepatitis, ulcers, colitis, duodenitis. If your baby is an adult and talks about stomach pain and burning, you need to urgently make an appointment with a gastroenterologist so as not to miss the development of diseases. Early response is the main factor for successful treatment.

For these symptoms you need a doctor:

• nausea, vomiting, heartburn, belching;
• problems with stool;
• constant abdominal pain;
• poor appetite;
• bleeding from the digestive organs;
• bad breath;
• weight loss

A pediatric gastroenterologist will listen to the parents/child, conduct an examination, find out the features of the baby’s stage-by-stage development, the presence of hereditary diseases, inquire about identified and treated problems, and nutritional habits.

After consultation and an initial examination, tests are prescribed: stool (for carbohydrates, dysbacteriosis), OBC, ultrasound of the digestive tract, as well as consultation with other specialists, if necessary.

Based on the results of the analysis, a course of therapy is selected. Parents should keep in touch with the doctor, come for monitoring, and adjust treatment taking into account changes in the baby’s well-being. Correct parental behavior and compliance with medical prescriptions will help quickly relieve the child of problems and improve health.

Source: https://vrachibolezni.ru/vrachi/gastroenterolog/