What causes prostatitis: external and internal development factors

Prostatitis “gets younger”. If earlier this disease was diagnosed in men over 50, today young men are increasingly turning to a urologist. In approximately a third of cases, the disease is diagnosed in men in the age group of 20–35 years. Knowing what causes prostatitis, everyone can promptly prevent the development of this disease.

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A little anatomy

To understand what causes prostatitis, you need to know the functioning of the prostate gland. The prostate is located between the bladder and the pelvic diaphragm. This gland is the most important organ that ensures the reproductive functionality of the male body.

Functions of the prostate:

• secretion of a component of sperm that ensures the viability of sperm;
• synthesis of prostaglandins;
• ensuring the release of sperm.

The synthesis of prostaglandins promotes blood supply to the penis. In addition, these substances take part in the production of testosterone. The prostate also acts as a valve that prevents urine and semen from mixing during sexual arousal.

Thus, if the prostate gland is malfunctioning, there is a deterioration in the reproductive function of men.

Due to the peculiarities of its location and structure, this organ is vulnerable to the action of pathogenic bacteria that affect the urinary tract. This explains what causes prostatitis.

Types of disease

Prostatitis is classified by reason of development. There are infectious and non-infectious inflammations of the prostate gland.

Infectious inflammations include prostatitis caused by fungi, viruses or bacteria.

Pathogenic microorganisms

Non-infectious prostatitis develops against the background of systemic disturbances in the functioning of the entire body. This disease may be caused by natural aging of the body, which is accompanied by an increase in the size of the prostate gland.

Reasons for the development of infectious inflammation

Infection of the prostate occurs in an ascending or descending manner, depending on which prostatitis appears.

Pathogenic microorganisms enter the prostate from the urethra or through infected urine. Prostate inflammation can also be caused by intestinal infections.

Pathology often develops as a result of urological infections and sexually transmitted diseases.

Causes of viral prostatitis

The viral form of the disease is caused by:

• cytomegaloviruses;
• simplex viruses;
• influenza type A and B;
• human papillomavirus (HPV).

Cytomegaloviruses that provoke the development of prostatitis include herpesviruses, which can remain in the human body for a long time without any characteristic symptoms.

A typical example of a simplex virus that causes the development of prostatitis is the herpes simplex virus. Simplex viruses manifest themselves as genital inflammation, including damage to the urethra. Infection can also be caused by the Epstein-Bar virus.

Interesting fact: what causes prostatitis depends on viral diseases suffered by a man in childhood, since the herpes and measles viruses remain in the body forever.

Through the bloodstream, the infection enters the prostate, causing an acute inflammatory process.

Causes of bacterial inflammation of the prostate

Infection of the prostate gland occurs through the hematogenous, lymphogenous or urethral route.

Approximately 20% of cases of prostatitis are caused by bacterial inflammation of the prostate gland. The disease is provoked by opportunistic microorganisms that are part of the microflora of the human body:

• coli;
• staphylococci and streptococci;
• salmonella;
• Klebsiella;
• enterococcus

For the development of bacterial inflammation of the prostate, predisposing factors are necessary, which include decreased immunity, hypothermia, and metabolic disorders. Infection of the urethra with E. coli and fecal enterococcus can occur during unprotected anal sex, and then affects the prostate gland through the urethral tract.

Bacterial prostatitis can also be caused by chlamydia and trichomonas. This form of infection is typical for men who tend to neglect contraception.

Disruption of the prostate gland always affects a man’s reproductive function and the quality of sexual life, regardless of what causes prostatitis and the type of disease.

Fungal infection

Fungal prostatitis is one of the rarest forms of disease. In most cases, the causative agent is yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida.

This representative of yeast-like fungi is part of the healthy human microflora.

Under the influence of a number of factors, the population of the fungus increases and the genitals, urethra and prostate gland become infected.

Factors predisposing to the development of fungal prostatitis:

• decreased immunity;
• long-term antibacterial therapy;
• disruption of the gastrointestinal tract.

A feature of this form of the disease is considered to be a latent course. In most cases, inflammation is asymptomatic, which makes diagnosis difficult, since the patient is unaware of the presence of the disease.

Non-infectious inflammation

More than 70% of all cases of prostatitis are a non-infectious form of the disease. The main predisposing factor in the development of the disease is lifestyle - an unbalanced diet and bad habits. The disease worsens in older age as a result of natural aging of the body and a slowdown in metabolic processes.

Congestive prostatitis

Congestion in the prostate gland appears primarily due to irregular sexual activity. Seminal fluid retention provokes swelling and inflammation of the organ.

Another cause of congestive prostatitis is poor circulation in the pelvic organs. This may be due to a number of factors, including:

• elderly age;
• lack of stress and sedentary lifestyle;
• metabolic disease;
• smoking.

Cardiovascular pathologies are often observed in old age. The walls of blood vessels lose their elasticity, blood circulation is impaired, including in the pelvic organs. The same happens with sedentary work and lack of physical activity.

Smoking accelerates the depletion of the walls of blood vessels and leads to impaired blood pressure, which affects blood circulation. As a result of a bad habit, blood stagnation may occur in the pelvic organs, which can lead to inflammation of the prostate.

Congestion and sexual activity

Despite the fact that non-infectious inflammation of the prostate gland is considered a disease of older men, this form of pathology is also quite common in young patients. The main reason for stagnant processes in this case is the man’s sexual behavior.

The disease may be caused by the lack of regular ejaculation and regular interruption of sexual intercourse. Long periods of abstinence have a negative impact on health. The lack of regular ejaculation leads to stagnation of seminal fluid, which provokes a disruption in the production of prostate secretions.

Regular interruption of sexual intercourse leads to the fact that the seminal tract is not completely emptied. At the same time, secretion production does not decrease. Over time, this develops into inflammation of the organ. The accumulation of secretions causes insufficient emptying of the prostate lobes. Incomplete emptying increases blood flow to the gland, which increases the risk of inflammation.

Prostate inflammation and testosterone

Hormonal imbalances can occur at any age. This can lead to the development of inflammation of the prostate gland. Although the prostate does not produce sex hormones, its activity is regulated by testosterone.

With any deviations in the hormonal background of a man, the prostate gland reacts with stagnation of secretion. Thus, an increase in testosterone production leads to thickening of the prostate secretion.

Because of this, the prostate lobules will not be completely emptied during ejaculation, which over time will lead to stagnation and further inflammation.

Any endocrine disorders must be promptly diagnosed and corrected with appropriate therapy, otherwise it will negatively affect the function of not only the prostate, but the entire body as a whole.

How to recognize the disease

In addition to the cause of development, what kind of prostatitis happens depends on the symptoms and nature of the course. There are acute and chronic forms of inflammation. The acute form of the disease is characterized by the following symptoms:

• weakness and general malaise;
• increased body temperature;
• pain syndrome in the urethra.

The patient feels a constant urge to urinate, which persists even after visiting the restroom. The pain syndrome can cover the entire perineum and be diffuse in nature, without clear localization. As a rule, the pain intensifies after defecation and urination.

In the chronic form of the disease, there are no acute symptoms, which makes timely diagnosis difficult. Patients may experience short-term episodes of perineal pain. Light discharge from the urethra is possible, especially in the morning. Chronic prostatitis affects a man's sexual activity.

A characteristic feature of the disease is weak urine pressure. This is the first symptom that you should pay attention to and consult a specialist.

Prognosis and prevention

You can get rid of prostatitis once and for all, but only with a timely diagnosis. Treatment should only be carried out by a qualified specialist.

Self-medication or the use of traditional methods is prohibited. The treatment regimen is selected by the urologist individually for each patient.

Complex therapy includes not only taking medications, but also changing habits and lifestyle.

Any disease is easier to prevent than to cure. Knowing how prostatitis manifests itself and what causes the disease, you need to follow simple rules to prevent the disease:

• Physical activity will prevent the development of stagnation and poor circulation. Regular exercise is recommended for men. The most useful types of physical activity, from the point of view of male physiology, are running, walking with long strides, volleyball and football.
• A balanced diet will normalize hormonal levels, prevent excess weight gain and provide the body with necessary vitamins and microelements. The diet is not strict and consists of limiting the consumption of salty, fried and spicy foods.
• Since infectious forms of inflammation of the prostate can be provoked by sexually transmitted diseases, it is necessary to always use contraception.
• Regular sex life is an important preventive measure that will help avoid the occurrence of stagnant processes. To support normal prostate function, a middle-aged man should have at least 2 sexual intercourse per week.

Interestingly, a large number of sexual acts per day can negatively affect health. With frequent ejaculation, the prostate gland may not completely empty, and the production of secretions increases, which can cause inflammation.

Men over 50 years of age are recommended to undergo an annual examination by a urologist. This will allow timely detection of the onset of the pathological process and cure the disease at the initial stage.

Source: https://kisstyle.ru/prostatit/ot-chego-byvaet-prostatit/

Prostatitis. Inflammation of the prostate gland

What is prostatitis and what types of prostatitis are there?

Prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate gland. Most often, the course of the disease is very slow, and the manifestation of symptoms is smoothed out. It can be acute or chronic, infectious (bacterial) or non-infectious (abacterial).

In this regard, acute bacterial prostatitis, chronic bacterial prostatitis and chronic abacterial prostatitis are distinguished.

If the patient has symptoms of prostatitis (primarily pain in the perineum), but there are no signs of inflammation of the prostate, this condition is called inflammatory pelvic pain syndrome; in the absence of inflammation, non-inflammatory chronic pelvic pain syndrome.

How common is prostatitis?

According to the most accurate statistical studies, chronic prostatitis affects from 3 to 12% of men to 30%. Symptoms characteristic of prostatitis are experienced by a significantly larger number of people aged 20 to 50 years.

However, they suffer from other diseases (hemorrhoids, rectal fissure, neurogenic bladder dysfunction, prostate adenoma, urethritis, etc.).

In our country, for various reasons, the prevalence and significance of prostatitis is often exaggerated.

What can cause prostatitis and what predisposes to the development of chronic prostatitis?

External causes: bacteria, viruses, chlamydia and other infectious agents. Internal causes: structural features of the prostate gland, circulatory disorders in the prostate.

The cause of chronic infectious prostatitis is an infection that enters the prostate. Infection is also the main cause of acute prostatitis.

The most common infections that cause prostatitis include Escherichia coli, streptococcus, staphylococcus, Klebsiella, Citrobacter and other intestinal bacteria. Chlamydia, mycoplasma, ureaplasma, trichomonas and other sexually transmitted infections may be able to cause inflammation of the prostate.

However, inflammation of the urethra (urethritis) caused by these infections is itself a factor in the chronicity of inflammation in the prostate and requires mandatory treatment. Prostatitis is caused and maintained by non-infectious factors.

Among them, the leading role in recent years has been assigned by most researchers to chronic spasm of the prostatic urethra, which leads to the reflux of urine from the urethra into the prostate, disruption of normal emptying of the prostate and seminal vesicles, and actively supports chronic inflammation.

Disorders of the venous outflow from the pelvic organs, neuromuscular dysfunction of the pelvic floor muscles, disorders of local immunological resistance, and lack of concentration of zinc-containing prostatic antibacterial factor in the prostate are also important.

They can support inflammation of the prostate and the presence of stones, sclerosis and microabscesses in it.

• What are the predisposing factors?
• Predisposing factors are: irregular sex life, sedentary lifestyle, wearing tight underwear, alcohol abuse, decreased body defenses, hormonal disorders, untreated foci of infection (sinusitis, tonsillitis, caries, cholecystitis and others), urinary tract infections, promiscuous sex life with different sexual partners without using a condom.
• How does prostatitis most often manifest?

How will a doctor make a diagnosis?

The diagnosis of acute prostatitis can be established based on the characteristic clinical picture during a routine urological examination. The variety of causes of chronic prostatitis requires a complex of complex diagnostic studies. And the success of treatment depends on how completely these causes have been identified.

First of all, the very fact of the presence of chronic inflammation of the prostate is established and at the same time the role of infection in its development is clarified. To do this, a four-portion test is carried out with laboratory and microbiological examination of 3 portions of urine and prostate secretion (juice).

Tests for sexually transmitted infections are required.

Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) plays an important role in the diagnosis of prostatitis. You may also need a computer analysis of bladder function and urination (urodynamic study), urethrocystoscopy, x-ray diagnostics, etc.

The main thing is that the doctor can competently conduct and interpret this complex diagnosis and individually select treatment based on its results.

What is the treatment for prostatitis?

Unfortunately, modern medicine still cannot completely solve the problem of prostatitis. But the doctor is able to bring the disease to the stage of remission, as a result of which you can forget about the manifestations for up to several years. Acute prostatitis can be quickly and effectively treated with antibiotics.

Unfortunately, it is impossible to get rid of chronic prostatitis completely and with a guarantee. We can talk about achieving the longest possible remissions (no exacerbations) of the disease. With the right treatment, the duration of remissions can reach 5 years or more.

In complex therapy, the following are used: alpha-blockers, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, microcirculation stimulants, enzymes, vitamins, biogenic and immune stimulants, euprostatotrophs, herbal remedies and other drugs.

In some cases of chronic prostatitis, prostate hyperthermia and other physical therapy can be effectively used. Prostate massage also retains its importance. Prostatitis can be treated comprehensively, with the doctor selecting an individual set of treatment measures for each patient. The main thing is that treatment should begin as early as possible, strictly following the doctor’s recommendations.

The most common physiotherapeutic techniques used to treat prostatitis.

• ultrasound, ultraphonophoresis with lidase, trypsin, antibiotic, corticosteroids on the prostate gland;
• electrophoresis with nitrofurans, analgesics, possibly with streptokinase, using rectal solutions of ichthyol, zinc sulfate, lidase;
• electrical stimulation;
• Microwave hyperthermia of the prostate gland;
• laser therapy;
• hypertremomagnetic therapy;
• EHF therapy;
• pylotherapy (mud treatment);
• ozone therapy;
• hirudotherapy (treatment with leeches) and others.

General measures during the treatment period.

An orderly sex life is a necessary background for treatment. Both sexual overload and long-term sexual abstinence are undesirable. If you have a sexually transmitted infection, have sex only with a condom or abstain.

Complete cessation of drinking alcohol, which almost always aggravates prostatitis. Hypothermia, even short-term, say when swimming in a river or lake, leads to exacerbation. Physical labor and sports, except swimming and cycling, will not harm, while a sedentary lifestyle makes treatment more difficult.

Do not overuse spicy foods, smoked meats, seasonings with pepper, horseradish, onions, and garlic.

What are the most common complications of prostatitis?

Long-term chronic prostatitis can lead to sclerosis of the prostate gland and urinary disorders. It can cause decreased fertility and even male infertility. Chronic prostatitis and, above all, the pain associated with it can cause a decrease in sexual desire.

With prostatitis, premature ejaculation often occurs. Violation of potency occurs only in advanced stages of prostatitis. In general, chronic prostatitis negatively affects not so much a man’s health as a man’s quality of life, and its danger should not be exaggerated.

However, it should not be underestimated.

Is there a way to prevent chronic prostatitis?

The best prevention of prostatitis is an active lifestyle, regular sexual activity and proper nutrition (balanced food composition, prevention of constipation). Try to normalize your sex life, change partners less often, use protection, and do not use the practice of interrupted intercourse.

You should also avoid hypothermia, excessive exposure to vibration, and trauma to the perineum (long-term cycling). Move more. Don't abuse alcohol. Refuse from fashion that forces you to constantly wear tight and tight swimming trunks. Loose cotton panties are much more hygienic and do not interfere with normal blood flow to the prostate.

Why is regular medical supervision necessary?

In any patient, the course of prostatitis is unstable. It sometimes worsens and often becomes complicated, and sometimes takes on a hidden form. Even if long-term remission is achieved, do not neglect periodic examinations with a doctor. If the situation worsens again, you yourself will notice it in time. Therefore, regular medical supervision is necessary.

What is prostatitis and what types of prostatitis are there? What is chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS)?

Prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate gland. It can be acute or chronic, infectious (bacterial) or non-infectious (abacterial). Chronic abacterial (non-infectious) prostatitis is also called chronic pelvic pain syndrome.

If the patient has symptoms of prostatitis (primarily pain in the perineum), but signs of inflammation of the prostate are present, then this is inflammatory syndrome of chronic pelvic pain (category IIIA). If the patient does not have inflammation, then this is non-inflammatory chronic pelvic pain syndrome (category IIIB).

The cause and development of this pathology have not yet been fully studied.

What can cause prostatitis and what predisposes to the development of chronic prostatitis and CPPS?

Among non-infectious factors, the leading role in recent years has been assigned by most researchers to chronic spasm of the prostatic urethra, which leads to the reflux of urine from the urethra into the prostate, disruption of normal emptying of the prostate and seminal vesicles.

Disorders of the venous outflow from the pelvic organs, neuromuscular dysfunction of the pelvic floor muscles, disorders of local immunological resistance, and lack of concentration of zinc-containing prostatic antibacterial factor in the prostate are also important.

The etiology and pathogenesis of CPPS are not well understood. It is quite possible that this diagnosis hides a whole range of different conditions, including those when the prostate gland is involved in the pathological process only indirectly or not at all.

1. What are the predisposing factors for the development of prostatitis?
2. Predisposing factors are: irregular sex life, sedentary lifestyle, wearing tight underwear, alcohol abuse, decreased body defenses, hormonal disorders, untreated foci of infection (sinusitis, tonsillitis, caries, cholecystitis and others), urinary tract infections, promiscuous sex life with different sexual partners without using a condom.
3. How does prostatitis most often manifest?

The most common symptom of prostatitis is pain in the perineum, scrotum, suprapubic region and lower abdomen, groin and sacrum. With prostatitis, there is often frequent and painful urination, decreased libido and premature ejaculation. The appearance of these symptoms is a reason to consult a doctor and undergo a special examination.

How will a doctor make a diagnosis?

The variety of causes of chronic prostatitis requires a complex of complex diagnostic studies. And the success of treatment depends on how completely these causes have been identified.

First of all, the very fact of the presence of chronic inflammation of the prostate is established and at the same time the role of infection in its development is clarified. To do this, a four-portion test is carried out with laboratory and microbiological examination of 3 portions of urine and prostate secretion (juice).

Tests for sexually transmitted infections are required.

Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) plays an important role in the diagnosis of prostatitis. You may also need a computer analysis of bladder function and urination (urodynamic study), urethrocystoscopy, x-ray diagnostics, etc.

The main thing is that the doctor can competently conduct and interpret this complex diagnosis and individually select treatment based on its results.

What is the treatment for chronic pelvic pain syndrome?

Today we can say with confidence that there is no single approach to the treatment of CPPS; modern medicine still cannot completely solve the problem of prostatitis. But the doctor is able to bring the disease to the stage of remission, as a result of which you can forget about the manifestations for up to several years.

With the right treatment, the duration of remissions can reach 5 years or more. It is paradoxical, but true, that in the treatment of abacterial, non-infectious prostatitis, many authors propose the use of antibiotics.

The most common physiotherapeutic techniques used to treat CPPS.

For pain, treatment is performed on trigger points (thermal procedures, massage, ischemic compression, anesthetic injections, electrical neurostimulation, yoga, acupuncture, biofeedback, relaxation exercises).

Complex therapy includes: electrogalvanic rectal stimulation, transcutaneous epidural stimulation of the spinal cord, caudal anesthesia with bipivacaine with methylprednisolone; transurethral microwave thermotherapy, transrectal hyperthermia, laser therapy, electrophoresis.

General measures during the treatment period.

An orderly sex life is a necessary background for treatment. Both sexual overload and long-term sexual abstinence are undesirable. If you have a sexually transmitted infection, have sex only with a condom or abstain.

Complete cessation of drinking alcohol, which almost always aggravates prostatitis. Hypothermia, even short-term, say when swimming in a river or lake, leads to exacerbation. Physical labor and sports, except swimming and cycling, will not harm, while a sedentary lifestyle makes treatment more difficult.

Do not overuse spicy foods, smoked meats, seasonings with pepper, horseradish, onions, and garlic.

Is there a way to prevent CPPS?

The best prevention of prostatitis is an active lifestyle, regular sexual activity and proper nutrition (balanced food composition, prevention of constipation). Try to normalize your sex life, change partners less often, use protection, and do not use the practice of interrupted intercourse.

You should also avoid hypothermia, excessive exposure to vibration, and trauma to the perineum (long-term cycling). Move more. Don't abuse alcohol. Refuse from fashion that forces you to constantly wear tight and tight swimming trunks. Loose cotton panties are much more hygienic and do not interfere with normal blood flow to the prostate.

Why is regular medical supervision necessary?

In any patient, the course of prostatitis is unstable. It sometimes worsens and often becomes complicated, and sometimes takes on a hidden form. Even if long-term remission is achieved, do not neglect periodic examinations with a doctor. If the situation worsens again, you yourself will notice it in time. Therefore, regular medical supervision is necessary.

The material was prepared by urologist-andrologist, physiotherapist, dermatovenerologist Oleg Viktorovich Akimov. Make an appointment: 8-905-334-55-24.

Source: http://www.volgogradru.com/theme/medic/urologiya/184680.pub

Prostatitis and risk factors

Health

According to statistics, prostatitis is one of the most common urological diseases , which, moreover, can develop into prostate cancer if not properly treated. In order to reduce the risk of prostatitis, it is necessary to take control of all the factors that cause this disease. This task is complicated by the fact that there are many factors leading to the development of prostatitis. Experts divide risk factors depending on what type of prostatitis they cause - acute prostatitis, abacterial or chronic (bacterial) prostatitis.

Acute prostatitis occurs in approximately two men for every ten thousand representatives of the male population of the planet. The development of this disease is strongly influenced by genetic factors.

It is noteworthy that black men (especially those who have someone in the older generation also suffered from this disease) are at greatest risk of developing acute prostatitis.

Other risk factors that can cause acute prostatitis include:

• — Having a large number of sexual partners.
• — Neglect of safety rules during casual sex (that is, refusal to use a condom).
• — Anal sex, especially without a condom.

Abacterial prostatitis , often called chronic pelvic pain syndrome, is the most common type of prostatitis. It occurs in five men out of every ten thousand representatives of the stronger sex.

As in the case of acute prostatitis, the risk of abacterial prostatitis is higher in those men who are sexually incontinent, often changing sexual partners.

Some experts believe that representatives of the so-called sexual minorities are at a special risk group for abacterial prostatitis, although this fact has not yet been proven.

Chronic prostatitis most often occurs in men who are over 30 years old.

It is believed that more than one third of the world's male population over 65 years of age suffers, to one degree or another, from chronic prostatitis.

The risk of this type of prostatitis, according to experts, is increased by a number of the following factors that can cause hyperemia of the prostate gland and the spread of the corresponding bacteria:

1. — Excessive alcohol consumption.
2. — Injuries in the groin area.
3. — Various sexual experiments, including, first of all, anal sex.
4. Among other things, risk factors that can lead to the development of prostatitis may include excessive consumption of fatty foods, sedentary work and a sedentary lifestyle, stress, smoking, and so on.

Source: https://www.infoniac.ru/news/Prostatit-i-faktory-riska.html

Prostatitis: causes, risk factors and symptoms

• Irregular sexual intercourse or its complete absence;
• Sexually transmitted and sexually transmitted infections;
• Deterioration of the immune response;
• Reduced testosterone levels in a man’s body (see What foods increase testosterone);
• Partial or complete lack of physical activity, sedentary lifestyle;
• Frequent consumption of alcoholic beverages;
• Hypothermia;
• Stress and excessive nervous tension;
• Sexual arousal that does not culminate in sexual intercourse;
• Excessively prolonged or interrupted sexual intercourse;
• Pathological conditions of blood vessels and blood;
• Hormonal imbalance.

Men over 35 years old suffer from prostate enlargement. If we take men over 50 years of age, then the vast majority have quite pronounced ulceration of the part of the prostate that is adjacent to the urethra. Signs of prostatitis are divided into specific and nonspecific:

• Specific signs of prostatitis . A man may experience pain in the lower abdomen. Frequent and painful urination occurs. Pain may occur in the urethra and perineum. Orgasm, accompanied by pain and discomfort, as well as a significant decrease in pleasant sensations. During sexual intercourse, ejaculation may be absent altogether or occur extremely quickly. Pain in the testicles and vas deferens may be present. Often, libido decreases, potency decreases, and erections become delayed. Morning erections become weak or disappear altogether, and after ejaculation, unprecedented weakness occurs, followed by a long recovery.
• Nonspecific signs of prostatitis . Pain in the back and spinal column. Chronic weakness, decreased concentration and lack of initiative. Insomnia, tinnitus and ringing in the head, irritability and aggressiveness. If prostatitis was caused by bacteria introduced through sexual contact, the joints, eyes and heart valves may become inflamed.

Infectious prostatitis

Prostatitis often occurs due to infection of the urinary canal by various bacteria. As a rule, the infection is transmitted sexually.

There are a number of infections, including: chlamydia, trichomonas, treponema pallidum (syphilis), gram-negative diplococcus (gonorrhea) and others.

These bacteria can enter the prostate gland through the urethra, bladder and rectum. Penetrating into the blood, bacteria through the blood and lymphatic vessels of the lower pelvis penetrate directly into the prostate.

Diagnosis of prostatitis

A number of methods are used to diagnose prostatitis, including an ultrasound of the prostate, a rectal examination, a urethral scraping to check for sexually transmitted diseases, and a urethral culture.

Treatment strategy for prostatitis

In the treatment of prostatitis, a professional doctor achieves three results:

1. Relief of painful symptoms of the disease and other unpleasant signs.
2. Relieving inflammation of the prostate gland or, as a last resort, reducing it as much as possible.
3. Complete restoration of prostate function.

Treatment of prostatitis is a complex task, including such procedures as therapy aimed at eliminating pathogenic bacteria, rectal massage of the prostate, physiotherapy, immunocorrection, correction of the patient’s diet and lifestyle.

Treatment of prostatitis is quite a complex task and here it is extremely important to adhere to an integrated approach and in no case neglect any of the components of the treatment process.

If the patient adheres to the comprehensive treatment recommended by his attending physician, and in the future monitors his lifestyle, the disease will recede irrevocably.

If prostatitis is not treated

Acute prostatitis, unfortunately not cured in time, usually becomes chronic. Prostate adenoma, prostate abscess, cystitis, pyelonephritis and vesiculitis are common complications of untreated acute and chronic prostatitis. Impotence and infertility - this is what advanced prostatitis can cause, the causes and symptoms of which we have examined.

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Last modified Tuesday, 29 October 2019 18:54

Source: https://www.magicworld.su/zdorove/249-prostatit-prichiny-faktory-riska-i-simptomy.html

Prostatitis: causes, diagnostic methods

General information

According to WHO statistics, 60-75% of men of reproductive age face the problem of prostatitis. In Russia, the disease is diagnosed in one third of men who apply, thirty percent of whom are under 40 years of age. Every tenth man on the planet has encountered prostatitis in his life.

Features of the course of the disease

The clinical picture of prostatitis in men is varied, depending on the individual characteristics of the body, general health, and lifestyle.
In men 35–40 years old, prostatitis is asymptomatic. Its first signs make themselves felt almost a year later. In medicine, it is customary to distinguish 2 forms of the disease:

• infectious;
• stagnant (non-infectious).

In the first case, the infection is localized in the pelvic organs, in the second, in the prostate area, blood circulation is hampered and the functioning of the gland is disrupted.

Factors influencing the development of the inflammatory process

Inflammation is characterized by acute and chronic course. The acute form of the disease is accompanied by high fever, pain in the lower back and sacrum, and discomfort in the reproductive organs. Acute prostatitis begins suddenly. Its appearance is provoked by genitourinary infections:

• cystitis;
• pyelonephritis;
• urethritis;
• STI.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli are the main pathogens that provoke the occurrence of the disease.

Inflammation of the prostate in young men: causes and consequences

The disease first makes itself felt at 30-40 years of age. The cause of prostatitis can be Trichomonas, chlamydia, ureaplasma - the causative agents of prostatitis that provoke its occurrence.

Contacting a specialist is a difficult step. Young people are embarrassed by their problems, put off going to the doctor, and thereby aggravate the situation.

The infection spreads quickly, which accelerates the onset of inflammation of the prostate.

Consequences of untimely treatment of the prostate in young men:

1. urinary function is impaired:
2. problems with potency appear;
3. reproductive function is suppressed;
4. relapses of prostatitis become more frequent;
5. calcifications and scars appear.

The appearance of the first symptoms of inflammation of the prostate gland should be a signal to consult a doctor.
A person should pay attention to his health if the following signs occur:

• the desire to urinate appears more often;
• discomfort and pain are felt during urination;
• after going to the toilet the desire to urinate does not go away;
• erection weakens or disappears;
• attraction to a partner decreases.

Ignoring the signs leads to advanced prostatitis in men becoming chronic. The production of prostatic secretion, which is part of sperm, is reduced.

Causes of prostatitis in men

It is believed that prostatitis occurs due to infections.

1. Infectious route. The main causes of prostatitis lie in the proliferation of microorganisms that are introduced into the blood and spread throughout the body with its current. This is how primary infection occurs. Secondary occurs when the inflammation process was not noticed in time and spread. Pathological processes occur in the urinary canal that provoke the appearance of prostatitis, the cause of which is intestinal diseases of the organs of the reproductive system. Infection occurs in two ways. The ascending pathway occurs when the infection enters the prostate from the opening of the urinary canal. The descending pathway occurs when infected urine is the source of infection.
2. Weak immune system. Irregular sleep-wake cycle, poor nutrition, addiction to drinking alcohol and smoking, chronic stress are sources of decreased immunity. He is unable to resist infectious agents.
3. Impaired blood circulation. Depressed blood circulation as the cause of the disease is a consequence of physical inactivity, poor heart function, and diseases of the nervous system. Blood in the pelvic organs begins to circulate poorly. The result is oxygen starvation and inflammation of the prostate gland.
4. Lack of regular intimate life and unprotected sex as causes of prostatitis. Inflammation can occur as a result of a lack or excess of intimate life. Young men who lead overly active lives suffer from rapid loss of potency, hormonal imbalance and glandular secretion. Interrupted sexual intercourse is a factor that adversely affects a man’s health.
5. Prostate injuries resulting from vibration disease. Drivers often suffer from prostate dysfunction as a result of constant vibration. This is a common cause of prostatitis in men.
6. Alcohol and cigarette abuse are the causes of prostatitis. It has been scientifically proven that systematic drinking leads to swelling of prostate tissue. If the immune barrier is weak, favorable conditions arise for the penetration of microorganisms.
7. Nutritional features: Foods treated with chemicals can provoke the occurrence of malignant neoplasms. Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of death among men over 50 years of age.
8. Phimosis is the cause of the development of the inflammatory process. This is a disease that is characterized by incomplete opening of the head of the penis. Phimosis often occurs in newborns. In this case, phimosis is a congenital defect. If treated promptly, it disappears after a couple of months. For an adult man, phimosis is a serious problem, not only physical, but also psychological. If the head of the penis is completely closed, fluid accumulates under it, which is a favorable environment for the growth of bacteria. Pathogenic microbes cause prostatitis. Treatment of phimosis in adulthood involves surgery.
9. The presence of stones in the prostate gland is a prerequisite for inflammation.
10. Occupational diseases.
11. The pathological structure of the prostatic gland can cause inflammation, since prostatic secretions stagnate in the urinary canal.
12. Hormonal disorders. Low hormone levels affect sexual desire. Lack of sex for a long time can lead to the formation of venous stagnation.

  Causes, symptoms and treatment of prostatodynia in men

Types and symptoms of the disease

Chronic prostatitis in advanced stages can develop into sepsis.
The following symptoms are characteristic of acute prostatitis:

• fever;
• urinary retention;
• Whitish discharge begins to appear in the urine.

Chronic prostatitis is a recurrent form of the disease. An inflammatory focus is a place where microbes multiply, settle in the genitourinary tract and infect tissues.

The consequence of untimely consultation with a doctor is chronic cystitis.
Nine out of ten cases of chronic prostatitis are the reason for a visit to the doctor.

The reasons for men are the same: pathogens of an infectious nature.

Chronic asymptomatic prostatitis: causes in mature men

The described chronic prostatitis does not belong to any of the listed groups. The cause of occurrence is the physiological features that occur in older men.

The patient does not complain about the severity of symptoms. A person only learns about the presence of the disease through tests or surgery.

It is less often diagnosed in patients whose age has exceeded the mark of forty years.
Causes of chronic prostatitis:

• infections;
• pathogenic microbes.

Chronic prostatitis, which is caused by an infection, is very difficult to treat with medication.
Congestive prostatitis occurs in young people due to irregular sex life, when the gland is most active. No reliable reasons for its appearance have been identified.

Signs that distinguish congestive prostatitis:

• weakening of sexual desire;
• lack of vivid orgiastic sensations;
• weak erection;
• the desire to urinate is especially pronounced in the morning;
• Difficulty urinating is almost invisible.

The causes of prostatitis are still not fully understood. It is known that men who have somatic diseases more often suffer from the inflammatory process:

• intestinal diseases, stool disorders;
• chronic bronchitis, ARVI;
• the presence of lesions in other organs (caries, tonsillitis);
• previous STDs;
• immune pathologies.

Pathogenic microorganisms penetrate tissues and form stagnation.
What are the causes of infectious diseases of the prostate gland? Factors that contribute to the spread of infection are:

• completeness;
• systematic drunkenness;
• smoking;
• uncomfortable, tight clothing;
• prolonged exposure to the cold;
• frequent car trips.

Treatment of prostatitis: features of therapy

Therapy for prostatitis is prescribed by a doctor based on the form and characteristics of the disease. The causes of prostatitis in men are taken into account. In case of acute prostatitis, the patient is prescribed antibiotics that can penetrate the tissues of the diseased organ. Chronic prostatitis is treated comprehensively and includes a course of medications, immunomodulators, prostate massage, and physiotherapy.

Non-bacterial chronic prostatitis is treated with a course of non-steroidal drugs. Additionally, medications with sedative properties are prescribed.

The prostate may begin to change if the disease becomes severe. An abscess, urination disorder, prostate sclerosis, and extensive swelling occur.

The causes of prostate adenoma lie in untimely contact with a specialist. Regular visits to the urologist for preventive purposes will help protect yourself. The disease affects more and more young men. At 30 years of age, the disease is easier to prevent than to treat. The rules of prevention consist in eliminating destructive factors.

Knowing the causes of prostatitis and following simple rules, a person can maintain reproductive health for many years.

Source: https://mzdorov.com/andrologia/bolezni-prostati/glavnye-prichiny-vozniknoveniya-prostatita-u-muzhchin.html

Causes of prostatitis, provoking factors and risk groups

Prostatitis is an inflammation of the prostate gland, which causes discomfort, disrupts sexual function and can cause inflammation of the testicles and appendages, which ultimately leads to infertility. The pathology is observed in men of different ages, but most often after 35-40 years. There are a number of reasons why prostatitis develops.  

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Acute and chronic infectious processes as a factor in the development of prostatitis

Often the cause of the development of the inflammatory process of the prostate is the activity of infectious agents. The disease develops due to the penetration of an infection into the prostate gland, the appearance of which is provoked by other diseases. Due to their development, the immune system is weakened, and the process of reproduction of pathogenic microflora begins.

Inflammation of the prostate glands is caused by:

• gonococci (causative agents of gonorrhea);
• chlamydia (the causative agent of chlamydia);
• Trichomonas (causative agents of trichomoniasis);
• Koch's bacillus (the causative agent of tuberculosis);
• Candida fungi (causative agents of candidiasis).

Prostatitis also develops under the influence of Escherichia coli, enterococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and staphylococci.

Poor circulation in the pelvic area

Stagnation of blood and fluid in the pelvic area is the result of impaired blood flow in the vessels of this area.

This phenomenon is associated with factors such as a sedentary lifestyle, sedentary work, wearing too tight, constricting underwear or tight jeans and trousers, and excess weight.

Slow blood flow may be associated with disturbances in the functioning of the heart muscle and diseases of the nervous system.

In the presence of such factors, blood does not flow to the prostate gland in sufficient quantities. This provokes oxygen deficiency and increases the risk of developing an inflammatory process.

Prolonged abstinence from sexual intercourse, frequent interruption of sexual intercourse

If a man has not had sexual intercourse for a long time, and also if he practices interrupted coitus as a method of contraception, this provokes inflammatory processes in the prostate.

In the presence of these factors, a special fluid accumulates in the prostate - a secretion that ensures the viability and mobility of sperm and, under normal conditions, is removed from it. During abstinence and interruption of sexual intercourse, it remains in the prostate or is only partially excreted due to the lack of ejaculation.

Congestion causes an increase in the size of the organ and its inflammation.

Hormonal disorders

Hormonal imbalance, in which the production of testosterone is disrupted, causes the development of an inflammatory process in the prostate.

Hormonal imbalances occur as a result of the following phenomena:

• abnormalities of the glands and organs of the endocrine system (thyroid, adrenal glands, pituitary gland);
• injuries to the testicles, where testosterone is produced;
• lack of physical activity;
• acute and chronic intoxication;
• poor nutrition;
• frequent stress;
• living in an unfavorable environmental environment;
• tumor neoplasms.

Prostatitis can occur as a result of both a decrease and a sharp increase in the level of male sex hormone.

Injuries and hypothermia

Mechanical damage to the pelvic and perineal organs causes congestion of the prostate, which leads to its inflammation. If the injuries were severe, they can provoke chronic prostatitis.

Hypothermia of the pelvic area, which occurs during prolonged exposure to a draft or as a result of the wrong choice of clothing (unsuitable for the weather), also causes an acute inflammatory process of the prostate gland. It is important that hypothermia reduces the body’s defenses, which under such conditions is not able to fight the developing disease.

Constant nervous tension

Prostatitis may have a psychological nature. The risk group includes men who regularly experience stress, suffer from constant lack of sleep and chronic fatigue, and also experience constant increased mental stress.

The trigger mechanism in this case is the production of specific “stress” substances - this is how the nervous system reacts to the situation. Under such conditions, the risk of developing inflammation increases.

Bad habits and unhealthy diet

Alcohol and smoking negatively affect blood vessels, making them inelastic and fragile. As a result, the blood supply to the prostate deteriorates, the gland receives less nutrients and oxygen. Under such conditions, inflammation develops.

Junk food: fatty and fried foods, processed foods, canned food, pickles, as well as drinks such as strong tea and coffee, sweet soda, reduce immunity. Because of this, the body is unable to fight pathogenic microorganisms that cause inflammation of the prostate.

Digestive problems causing frequent constipation

If a person has irregular bowel movements or experiences frequent constipation, dysbiosis develops: in this case, the ratio of beneficial and harmful microflora in the gastrointestinal tract changes towards the latter.

Because of this, immunity decreases and the body's susceptibility to pathogens increases.

In addition, fecal retention promotes the absorption of toxins into the colon, which also negatively affects the body's protective function.

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Source: https://horoshiyurolog.ru/prostatit/prichiny-prostatita/