Prevention of mastopathy in women: basic principles and methods

Mastopathy is equated to a benign process in women that causes pathological processes in the breast, including changes in the structure of the mammary gland. The pathology is otherwise called fibrocystic disease.

The disease occurs most often in women over the age of forty, although recently young girls have also been affected. This is largely influenced by the deteriorating environment, the decline in food quality and the fashion for taking oral contraceptives.

Since changes in the mammary gland are a predisposing factor for the development of breast cancer, the prevention of mastopathy is of great importance for every woman and girl.

Lifestyle as a disease prevention

First of all, to avoid breast cysts, you need to adjust your lifestyle in the direction of health improvement.

A large percentage of morbidity is due to uncontrolled use of oral contraceptives and other hormonal drugs.

Therefore, before choosing and taking these drugs, you need to consult a doctor, and during the period of treatment, you should be under his supervision. The second factor in the development of the disease is high consumption of toxins and harmful substances.

That is why following a diet is recommended. Its principles are based on the consumption of healthy food, that is, the following food groups should be included in the diet:

1. Vegetables and fruits can enrich the body with vitamins.
2. Seafood and natural dairy products maintain the balance of microelements in the body.
3. Cereals, legumes, natural juices, green tea remove toxins from the body.

You also need to exclude too fatty foods, reduce the consumption of smoked and canned foods, as they increase the accumulation of carcinogens and cause hormone imbalance.

Alcohol and smoking have a negative effect on internal organs. You should avoid consuming large amounts of salt.

In addition to preventing breast cysts, consuming healthy foods will improve a woman's overall health.

Nervous fatigue largely influences the formation of breast cysts in women. Therefore, it is recommended to avoid serious stress and nervous tension. It is nervous breakdowns when mastopathy occurs that increase the chance of the formation of a serious oncological process.

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The meaning of self-diagnosis

Prevention of mastopathy includes the correct choice of clothing for women. Many sacrifice their health and choose bras with fillers and corsets that constrict their breasts.

As a result, the natural process of nutrition and blood supply to the mammary gland is disrupted, and sweating increases.

Therefore, to avoid the formation of breast cysts, you need to wear bras that are suitable in shape and size, made from natural fabrics.

It is recommended to carry out palpation in a standing position, after moisturizing your hands with cream, or when taking hygiene procedures (shower). It is correct to examine the breast one at a time, palpating the right breast with your left hand and vice versa.

The breast tissue is palpated using circular, pressing and penetrating movements. Use three or four fingers except the thumb.

You also need to pay attention to the axillary area, examining the condition of the lymph nodes.

After this, you need to examine the condition of the nipple itself: are there any changes in its size or color. Particular attention is paid to examining the underwear: – often the appearance of breast cysts in women is accompanied by a brown or yellow discharge from the nipples. In general, palpation can reveal the presence of nodules and compactions, pain, which is an important signal to be examined by a doctor.

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Traditional and alternative methods of prevention

Women over forty years old or having problems conceiving should definitely undergo courses of preventive treatment. Girls with multiple abortions should also be careful about their health.

In general, many drugs from the group of homeopathic remedies are effective. In addition to Mastodinone, Cyclodinone in the form of drops or tablets is also effective. Components of plant origin are safe for women and prevent the negative consequences of mastopathy or its development due to hormonal imbalances. The concentration of sex hormones is leveled, prolactin production decreases.

During menopause or painful periods, hormonal imbalance also occurs. This increases the risk of developing mastopathy.

To avoid this, the drug Remens is prescribed, which contains only homeopathic components.

In the treatment of mastopathy, traditional methods of prevention are widely used. Many women have formed the opinion that cabbage enlarges their breasts, but this is somewhat erroneous.

Cabbage leaves have long been used to prevent breast health problems.

So, the following recipe is often used using them: leaves of a fresh cabbage head with pre-cut coarse veins are applied to the chest.

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The leaves are fixed with a bra. The sheet is changed after drying, at least twice a day. It is allowed to leave the cabbage leaf overnight. The course of prophylaxis is up to one month.

Another recipe with cabbage leaves is to use a compress of grated beets and honey placed on a cabbage leaf. The resulting mixture is fixed on the chest overnight.

Among the folk recipes for breast cysts, various tinctures help. For example, you can use valerian roots infused with vodka (1:5). Infuse valerian for two days and take 20 drops orally twice a day. This remedy strengthens the nervous system.

Instead of valerian, you can take motherwort or peony. There is also a recipe that uses mint (leaves), valerian root, chamomile flowers, which are mixed in equal proportions. One tablespoon of mixed ingredients is poured with boiling water (250 ml) and left for about half an hour.

After this, the medicine is taken 50-70 ml once a day.

Whatever remedy you choose to strengthen women’s health, it is important to remember that timely diagnosis and prevention of mastopathy, even in the presence of risk factors, often allows you to avoid the disease or significantly facilitate the process of treatment and recovery.

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Source: http://DlyaGrudi.ru/mastopatiya/profilaktika-mastopatii-u-zhenshhin.html

The more often the better: prevention of mastopathy in women and how to avoid the disease?

Fibrocystic mastopathy of the mammary gland is caused by disturbances in the hormonal functions of the body. Symptoms of mastopathy include pathological compactions, atrophy and hypertrophy of tissue.

How to avoid mastopathy? One of the features of the disease is that it is quite easily curable in the early stages. It is for this reason that timely diagnosis and prevention are so important.

Women often underestimate the danger of mastopathy. The term includes more than 50 types of various hormonal pathologies. From the beginning of adulthood until the onset of menopause, any woman may develop mastopathy .

The prevalence of mastopathy provokes an insufficiently serious attitude towards this diagnosis. Cases of cancer diagnosis are much less common than mastopathy, however, you should know that in medicine mastopathy is defined as a precancerous condition.

• The longer pathological neoplasms remain in the mammary gland, the higher the likelihood of their degeneration into cancerous tumors.
• This is not the only negative effect that mastopathy has on the female body.
• In addition to increasing the risk of developing malignant tumors, mastopathy often goes side by side with other diseases.
• It is difficult to say for sure what the true reason for the increase in the incidence of mastopathy lies: the annual increase rate is about 3%.

It is possible that we are talking about cases of the disease that were identified. Methods for diagnosing mastopathy are improving every year. Mastopathy can be detected in the early stages , which greatly simplifies treatment.

1. There is another reason to diagnose mastopathy as early as possible.
2. Features of the development of mastopathy provoke other undesirable processes in the body.
3. Often, mastopathy and various other diseases have similar symptoms.
4. The following concomitant diseases are characteristic of mastopathy::

• disorders of the thyroid gland caused by iodine deficiency, as well as mastopathy;
• liver diseases;
• inflammatory processes in the female reproductive organs.

During the examination, doctors pay special attention to dishormonal changes:

• increased estrogen levels;
• insufficient production of androgens;
• low progesterone levels;
• hormonal functions of the brain.

The combination and analysis of these factors makes it possible to diagnose mastopathy and an increased predisposition to it.

The first sign of mastopathy is changes in the condition of the mammary glands.

Every woman can discover them on her own. Warning signs are a good reason to undergo a full clinical examination.

Self-examination

The need for self-examination is due to the ability to identify primary symptoms without waiting for a routine medical examination or the next visit to a mammologist.

The procedure, which does not take much time, perfectly contributes to early diagnosis and is an effective element in the prevention of mastopathy: by feeling the mammary glands, you massage them.

It is recommended to conduct a self-examination every month on the same day of the cycle. The most indicative are the fifth and sixth days from the beginning of menstruation.

If for a number of reasons there is no menstruation, set any calendar date yourself.

Self-examination begins with a general examination. Undress to the waist, stand in front of a mirror, place your hands behind your head.

First of all, pay attention to the general appearance of the mammary glands: are any changes striking? Then, without spreading your arms, turn in profile and examine your chest on the right and left.

Factors that should alert you during a visual examination:

• noticeably enlarged mammary glands, both or one;
• changing contours;
• asymmetrical fixation, displacement.

There is no need to sound the alarm if the signs are not pronounced: for example, slight asymmetry or a difference in the size of each of the mammary glands is a variant of the norm.

Listen to your feelings, remember if you have recently been bothered by pain, increased sensitivity of your breasts and nipples, or other types of discomfort.

Checking laundry for traces of discharge

Keep in mind that no bra can help prevent mastopathy. If it is unthinkable for you to do without this element of underwear, choose the most gentle option.

A few recommendations on how to choose a bra that does not interfere with blood circulation, thereby provoking the development of mastopathy, and at the same time performs its main function - correcting the shape of the breast:

• Choose the appropriate cup size and shape carefully.
• Minimize corrective elements : underwires, inserts that visually enlarge the breasts.
• Give preference to high-quality natural materials that do not create a “steam effect”.

It is very easy to make sure that the requirement of the last point is met: every time you remove your bra, run your hand under the mammary gland.

If your hand remains dry or there is a small amount of sweat, then everything is fine with your underwear. At the same time, pay attention to whether the indented seams leave dents or reddish streaks on the skin.

With mastopathy, yellowish or brown spots remain on the inside of the bra. The appearance of bloody discharge should be taken with particular seriousness.

Checking the mammary glands in a lying and standing position

Basic rules for breast self-examination for the prevention of mastopathy in women:

• Before palpating the mammary glands, moisten your hands with moisturizer or soap suds to ensure smooth gliding.
• During the examination, press on the mammary glands with your fingertips, avoiding contact between the delicate skin of the breast and nails.
• Alternate circular, pressing and springing movements: only their combination will help identify signs of mastopathy.
• Start with light movements. then gradually increase the pressure.
• Don't use your thumb; keep your fingers close together so you don't miss the problem area.
• Feel the axillary area for enlarged lymph nodes.

Lie down on a flat horizontal surface. When examining the breast in a lying position, make circular movements with your fingertips , moving in the direction from the armpit to the nipple.

During self-examination in a standing position, also examine the mammary glands with the fingertips of your left and right hands.

Nipple examination

The nipple area itself is very sensitive; with mastopathy, painful or unpleasant sensations in this area make themselves felt.

In such cases, a more thorough inspection should be carried out. If touching causes pain, do not ignore this factor.

Pay attention to the position of the nipples: are they positioned as usual or do they look too prominent or retracted? Take a closer look to see if their color has changed.

Self-examination cannot be called complete.

• when examining, you focus not so much on objective criteria, but on your own feelings;
• self-examination will only help to identify the presence of signs of mastopathy, but not determine the nature of the disease;
• at the initial stage, the lumps may be too small to be felt through the breast tissue by palpation, so there is always a risk of missing the period of the most gentle treatment.

Even if you cannot detect any changes visually or by touch, do not delay your visit to a mammologist.

How often should you visit a mammologist?

A visit to a mammologist is an integral part of the prevention of mastopathy. Starting from the age of 18, it is advisable to undergo an annual preventive examination. After 40, it is recommended to have a mammogram once a year and once every two years - screening with a mammograph.

If mastopathy is suspected, you should visit a mammologist once every six months.

Mastopathy is not a death sentence; many effective modern and folk methods for curing this disease are known. However, the threat of developing cancer increases fivefold .

In a clinical setting, it is possible to assess the degree of risk at the genetic level in each specific case. This method of examination allows us to identify hereditary predisposition to cancer.

It would be unfair to call mastopathy a purely female disease. Medicine knows the male type of mastopathy - gynecomastia - the growth of mammary glands in men. Every year, an average of 900 Americans face this problem.

The benefits of birth and breastfeeding a baby

Full implementation of reproductive function is one of the effective preventive measures. We can say that mastopathy and sex are closely related.

• Our great-grandmothers gave birth to many children and breastfed as much as nature allowed, and practically did not have to deal with hormonal disorders.
• Our contemporaries have many opportunities for family planning.
• To prevent female diseases, you should:

• Avoid abortion.
• Give birth to your first child before age 25.
• Establish breastfeeding and do not stop this process artificially for at least a year.
• Don't limit yourself to the firstborn.

The use of hormonal contraceptives for family planning should be carried out under the supervision of a physician. Doctors know of cases where the use of this type of drug both provoked and stopped the development of mastopathy.

1. Self-medication and uncontrolled use are unacceptable.
2. In urban conditions, the prevention of mastopathy can be divided into two main areas: maintaining normal hormonal levels and taking care of the health of the mammary glands.
3. Here are some simple, yet very effective recommendations::

1. balanced diet: avoid abuse of salty and fatty foods, which contribute to an excess of estrogen. At the same time, remember that nutritional deficiency in some cases is the cause of the disease. Inexpensive varieties of sausages and confectionery products contain a high percentage of fat.;
2. an adequate approach to the currently fashionable healthy lifestyle: grueling physical activity, tight underwear, strict diets that deprive the body of essential microelements make this hobby not so healthy;
3. protect your breasts from injury: according to statistics, the most traumatic place for the mammary glands in the city is crowded public transport; the likelihood of hitting your chest on the steering wheel of your own car is much lower;
4. If possible, get rid of sources of chronic stress.

There are other methods for preventing mastopathy; a doctor can prescribe them, based on the individual characteristics and needs of your body. Regular visits to a mammologist and gynecologist will help maintain women's health for many years.

For more information about the prevention and treatment of mastopathy in women, see the video below:

You can find more information on this topic in the Mastopathy section.

Source: https://nesekret.net/mastopatiya/profilaktika

What methods exist for preventing mastopathy?

Preventing benign pathology of the mammary glands is the best option to avoid malignant degeneration in the breast. Prevention of mastopathy consists of following medical recommendations and a healthy lifestyle. It is important to accurately determine the presence of a family predisposition to tumor diseases of the mammary glands and regularly visit a mammologist.

Genetic testing

All women, even in the absence of complaints and symptoms of breast pathology, need to identify the risk of benign or malignant breast tumors. The optimal methods of preventive medical-genetic diagnostics are:

• survey of close relatives about the presence of cases of breast cancer or any forms of mastopathy in the family;
• genetic DNA testing for specific genes responsible for the occurrence of cancer pathology in the mammary gland;
• consultation with a geneticist.

If you are a carrier of potentially pathological genes, the mammologist will draw up an individual plan for annual preventive examinations.

Healthy lifestyle

Important risk factors for the occurrence of benign breast pathology are bad habits and poor nutrition. Often, a woman independently creates maximum conditions for the appearance of mastopathy, and then makes a lot of effort to treat the disease. It is best to prevent breast problems by following these tips:

• to give up smoking;
• active lifestyle with physical activity in the fresh air;
• changing the diet with the introduction of fruits, vegetables and seafood to the menu;
• refusal of fast food and large amounts of carbohydrates in food;
• correction of body weight with elimination of obesity.

Beautiful and healthy breasts are the result of certain efforts that are available to every woman: the main thing is not to be lazy and lead a healthy lifestyle. Negative factors for the mammary glands are excessive solar insolation (artificial or natural topless sunbathing) and constant wearing of tight underwear.

Childbirth and lactation

The mammary gland is an organ created by nature to produce milk and feed the baby. The best prevention of mastopathy for women is the following most important events in life:

• gestation,
• birth of a baby on time,
• long lactation.

It is extremely undesirable to refuse feeding by forcibly stopping the production of breast milk, using hormonal drugs and tightening the breasts.

Psychosexual problems

Chronic psycho-emotional stress is one of the provoking risk factors. The combination of psychological and sexual problems is especially unpleasant. Important preventive factors are:

• love and understanding in the family;
• regular sex life;
• healthy night's sleep;
• absence of psycho-emotional disorders;
• sedatives prescribed by a doctor against the background of acute stress.

In some situations, you should contact a psychotherapist without trying to solve seemingly insoluble problems on your own. Timely help from a specialist will be the best way out of stress and disease prevention.

Contraceptive behavior

Abortion is not a method of contraception: frequent interruptions of an unwanted pregnancy can cause hormonal disorders, gynecological pathology and the formation of mastopathy. You need to consult a doctor to choose the best contraceptive option. Hormonal medications that should be taken every day will help solve the following problems:

• protection against unwanted pregnancy;
• prevention of breast diseases;
• prevention of tumors in the uterus and ovaries.

Intrauterine devices can have a negative effect on the mammary glands, increasing the likelihood of mastodynia and mastopathy. For each woman, the doctor will choose the method of contraception individually.

Medical examinations

Effective prevention of mastopathy is annual medical examinations. It is necessary to contact a gynecologist who will assess the condition of the breasts and internal genital organs. If necessary and for the purpose of prevention, the specialist will prescribe the following studies:

• blood donation for CA tumor marker $15–3
• ultrasound scanning of the mammary glands;
• mammography.

All women under 35 years old should have a breast ultrasound done once every 2 years. Age over 35 years is an indication for preventive x-ray examination of the mammary glands at the same frequency. Identification and treatment of gynecological diseases (uterine leiomyoma, endometriosis, endometrial hyperplastic processes) is the most important factor for preventing breast pathology.

Breast self-examination

At the end of menstruation, a woman needs to conduct a palpation examination of her own breasts.

The technique is simple and accessible: external examination and sequential palpation of both mammary glands can be carried out under the shower or in a lying position.

The main goal of self-examination is the early detection of nodular neoplasms or diffuse disorders. Mastopathy detected in time is much easier to treat than advanced forms of the disease.

Preventive vitamin therapy

Adding useful and necessary biologically active substances to food is a good option for preventing mastopathy. It is optimal to use preparations containing the following vitamins and minerals:

• selenium,
• iodine,
• zinc,
• vitamins E, C, A.

It is not at all necessary to constantly drink vitamin-mineral complexes: two-month courses 3-4 times a year will be a good support for immune defense and antitumor prevention.

Given a genetic predisposition to breast tumors, a woman should be regularly monitored by a mammologist. If the risk of breast pathology is minimal, it is necessary to follow simple preventive recommendations, treat general and gynecological diseases, visit a gynecologist annually and conduct a breast examination once every 2 years.

Source: https://gynecologyhelp.ru/mastopatiya/profilaktika-mastopatii.html

Mastopathy and women's health - diagnosis, treatment and prevention of mastopathy

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• The diagnosis of mastopathy is made on the basis of: - patient complaints, - medical history, - examination and palpation, - mammographic examination,
• - ultrasound examination, etc.
• A breast self-examination should be a mandatory part of every woman’s life.
• The examination consists of 6 stages, but takes a little time.
• It includes examination of underwear, assessment of the general appearance of the glands, skin condition, palpation in a standing and lying position, examination of the nipple.

Often, it is after such an examination that a woman turns to a mammologist. A thorough self-examination can detect even the smallest lumps. Not to mention the fact that basic attentiveness is enough to detect the beginning of discharge from the nipples.

The primary method of diagnosing a patient is complaints and anamnesis when she comes to see a doctor. A patient with mastopathy usually has three types of complaints: pain in one or both mammary glands, hardening of some part of the mammary gland, or pathological discharge from the nipple.

Family history may indicate that blood relatives on the maternal side have breast cancer, cancer of any endocrine organs, or colon cancer.

The patient's medical history can reveal previous breast diseases, previous surgeries, number of births, abortions, etc.

Palpation is carried out in horizontal and vertical positions. A medical examination has been and remains the main way to diagnose fibroadenomatosis. This method can determine the asymmetry of the glands, atrophy or hypertrophy of one of them, the presence of a tumor or edema.

It allows you to establish the form, prevalence, severity of fibroadenomatous changes in the mammary gland, evaluate the ratio of all tissue elements in the organ, the presence of discharge from the nipple, their quality and quantity, determine the condition of the lymph nodes in the axillary areas, above and below the collarbone, in the neck area.

You should pay attention to the condition of the nipple - it can be normal, retracted, thickened, ulcerated. You can identify developed subcutaneous vasculature and redness or swelling of the skin.

Palpation also allows you to determine the size of the tumor or lump, the correctness or irregularity of the contours, the mobility of the mammary gland, its consistency (soft, hard, elastic), the presence of boundaries with the tissues surrounding the gland.

After a clinical examination by a specialist, it is necessary to perform an ultrasound examination of the mammary glands and thereby complement the understanding of the processes occurring in this organ. Using ultrasound waves, we obtain an image of all layers of tissue that make up the mammary gland.

An ultrasound diagnostic doctor evaluates the ultrasound picture of the skin, fascia of the mammary gland, fatty tissue, gives a description of all changes in the glandular tissue itself, the condition of the milk ducts at different levels of the gland (diameter, wall thickness, tortuosity, condition of the duct lining), determines the degree of blood supply to the organ and the speed of blood flow. in one or another area of ​​the mammary glands, especially if nodular or cystic formations are detected. Mandatory, as with palpation examination, is ultrasound diagnosis of all lymphatic structures of the mammary gland.

Ultrasound examination (ultrasound) became widely used in the 80s and makes it possible to recognize nodular formations and evaluate other changes. Ultrasound is usually used to examine patients under 40 years of age.

Later, due to the degeneration of mammary gland tissue, ultrasound examination becomes less informative. The ultrasound method is of an auxiliary nature and cannot be used in mass screening examinations. More accurate examination methods are required.

Mammography is an x-ray of the mammary glands today, the main and most reliable instrumental method for assessing the condition of the mammary glands.

This study can not only give a complete picture of the condition of all components of the mammary gland and adjacent tissues (summary image), but also allows you to identify minimally sized formations of the mammary glands (several millimeters in diameter), which cannot be identified during examination and palpation or noticed with ultrasound of the mammary glands.

Increased mammographic density—dense breasts—indicates an increased level of breast cell growth and carries a higher risk of future breast cancer.

This technique allows timely recognition of pathological changes in 95-97% of cases.

The disadvantages of this method are the discomfort when taking pictures. In this test, each gland is fixed and compressed between two mammography plates, which causes pain.

Mammography should be performed in the first ten days after menstruation, since during this period the mammary glands have a less dense structure and the examination is less painful. In addition, regular irradiation of the mammary glands and the total dose received when performing mammograms after 40 years of age become less hazardous to health than for women of childbearing age.

Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging is a relatively new method of radiological diagnosis of breast diseases.

The harmlessness of the procedure, combined with its high level of resolution, suggests that it will eventually become one of the leading diagnostic techniques.

However, the duration of a tomography session (from 30 minutes to 1 hour) and high cost are still the main obstacles to its use in mass examination of the mammary glands.

If the above methods have not yet allowed the doctor to make an accurate diagnosis, he can also resort to methods such as biopsy (tissue sampling from the corresponding area of ​​the gland) and cytological examination of nipple discharge.

The method of puncture biopsy of suspicious and problem areas is used to clarify structural changes in the tissues of the mammary glands during the development of fibroadenomatosis, especially to determine the so-called proliferation, or growth of fibroadenomatous cells and their degeneration into cancer.

This may be fluid from the cyst or small pieces of tissue. The taken material is placed on glass, stained with dyes and examined under a microscope. To conduct a more accurate biopsy, it is possible to perform a puncture under ultrasound control.

1. If an accurate diagnosis of mastopathy has not been established or any doubts remain after the studies, doctors resort to surgical biopsy of the mammary glands, which consists of excision of the area of ​​the organ under study followed by histological examination of the removed tissue.
2. If benign changes are detected, performing this type of surgical intervention to a certain extent turns out to be a therapeutic and preventive measure.
3. The so-called cytological examination (examination of cells) of nipple discharge is also widely used.
4. The technique for collecting material for research is quite simple - a drop of liquid is squeezed out of the nipple onto a laboratory glass and distributed evenly on it, then dried, stained and examined under a microscope.

Treatment of mastopathy

Treatment of mastopathy is based on eliminating the cause that caused the dysfunction of the pituitary gland, as well as the ovaries, which are actively involved in all functions of the woman’s reproductive system. It often begins with normalizing the functioning of the liver and nervous system.

• One of the main means of treatment is hormone replacement therapy , since the root cause of the disease is hormonal imbalance.
• Along with hormonal methods, non-hormonal methods are also widely used:
• - diet correction, - correct selection of bra, - use of vitamins, - diuretics, - anti-inflammatory drugs,
• - blood circulation improving agents.
• Treatment of patients with mastopathy is based on a systematic approach , taking into account the variety of factors in the development of mastopathy.

It is necessary to treat all types of mastopathy under conditions of constant screening monitoring of women. Diffuse nonproliferative fibroadenomatosis, in which the mammary glands correspond to the acceptable limits, and such changes exist in most women, is subject to preventive treatment.

1. The main goal of therapeutic therapy in this case is to eliminate discomfort and functional disorders in the mammary glands, to create conditions under which fibroadenomatosis (FAM) will not progress, overcome these boundaries, and turn into a surgical problem.
2. Patients with nodular and proliferative forms of fibroadenomatosis, and they must be considered as precancerous conditions of the glands, are subject to intensive conservative treatment and surgical intervention.
3. Treatment sometimes needs to begin with normalizing the functioning of the liver and nervous system.

It is necessarily based on knowledge of a woman’s personal characteristics. After all, mastopathy is not only a reflection of disorders in the pituitary-hypothalamic zone, in peripheral endocrine organs, in the immune system, in somatic organs, primarily in the liver, but also in the psycho-emotional sphere.

Based on the multi-causality of the disease, its treatment is carried out continuously for a long time according to the principle of the optimal sequence of drug use.

It is necessary to establish the entire group of factors that led to the occurrence of mastopathy, after which it is necessary to eliminate the causes that caused the dysfunction of the pituitary gland and ovaries. So a patient with mastopathy must be constantly under the supervision of a doctor.

In the beginning, to combat the disease, treatment involves restoring the disturbed balance in the body. At another stage, regulation in the body is maintained at the physiological level. Concomitant somatic diseases and psychotraumatic situations must be eliminated. Otherwise, relapses are possible. Courses of restorative treatment are also provided.

A rational combination of surgical and conservative treatment for localized forms of FAM provides a balanced result. It is absolutely necessary to carry out regular examinations and examinations of the mammary glands in the prescribed sequence, regardless of their condition and the initial nature of the disease.

Treatment of patients with mastopathy is not limited to one remedy. The use of a complex of drugs in a certain sequence is a complex and lengthy process that requires methodological efforts and therapeutic discipline from a woman.

We cannot give specific regimens for the drugs used, since otherwise they will replace the doctor and the idea of ​​treatment will be discredited. Such diagrams can only be indicative.

It has been established that the most effective therapy consists of a complex of vitamins, sedatives and drugs that affect the level of sex hormones and their relationships in the body. Moreover, these are drugs of non-hormonal origin.

Without these conditions being met, their use more often causes harm than benefit. These drugs belong to the “strict dosage” category, so they are used much less frequently. Antiestrogens, oral contraceptives, gestagens, androgens, and agents that suppress prolactin secretion are usually used as hormonal therapy.

Mastopathy is a precancerous disease, so long-term intake of natural antioxidants is necessary - vitamins E, C, beta-carotene, phospholipids, selenium, zinc. Iodine is important, as it normalizes the production of ovarian hormones.

When treating this disease, a woman should avoid exposure to various cancer-provoking factors: physiotherapy, visits to the bathhouse, sun and artificial tanning.

A woman who has had mastopathy needs regular examinations and supportive therapy; it is recommended to avoid alcohol, smoking, eat right, move more, sleep 8-9 hours and avoid stress. Lead a healthy lifestyle.

Prevention of mastopathy

The main means of preventing mastopathy is a healthy lifestyle that corresponds to the natural characteristics of women: a woman should give birth more often and breastfeed each child for longer.

Second: you need to try to avoid any stressful and conflict situations.

If this fails at all, you should learn to bring yourself back to psychological normality as quickly as possible, by doing your best to get rid of the effects of stress.

Well, in third place you need to put attention to yourself and regular examination, both on your own and with the help of a mammologist, and do an ultrasound examination.

Also, to prevent the disease, you should reduce the amount of fat in your diet and increase the amount of fiber through foods containing whole grains, vegetables and beans. Such measures will optimize estrogen metabolism and ensure less hormonal stimulation of the breast. This will not allow the possible tendency of the gland tissue to grow.

Avoid stress.

Reduce salt intake, as it retains water in the tissues, which also contributes to their growth. It is especially important to remember this 7-10 days before the start of menstruation, when breast tissue already increases in comparison with its normal size.

You need to choose a good bra.

A tight bra, such as that worn by runners, will protect the breast fibers from painful stretching - this is important in the presence of pathology. The cups of the bra should be deep enough so that your entire breast fits comfortably into them. The bra should have a lot of elastic material and no wires. Bras with underwires and tight raised seams cause injury to the breasts.

Take hormonal contraceptives only with a doctor's prescription. Estrogen and progesterone in contraceptives can help the mammary glands or, on the contrary, aggravate benign changes in the breast. Only a doctor can determine “your” contraceptive and only after a thorough examination.

Use herbal preparations and nutritional supplements containing biologically active substances more often - they will help strengthen the immune system, balance impaired functions, and stop the development of the disease.

S. Trofimov

Published by Konstantin Mokanov

Source: https://medbe.ru/health/zhenskoe-zdorove/mastopatiya-i-zhenskoe-zdorove-diagnostika-lechenie-i-profilaktika-mastopatii/

How to avoid the development of mastopathy?

Mastopathy in modern women, including very young women, has unfortunately become commonplace. Since the condition of the mammary glands is a mirror of women’s health, mastopathy “signals” about some trouble in the body, and, in addition, can double the risk of developing breast cancer.

Reasons for the development of the disease

However, there is good news: the causes of mastopathy are known, therefore, women can be helped. Mammologists, gynecologists and oncologists not only successfully treat this pathology, but also equally successfully prevent it through prophylaxis.

Moreover, preventive methods of mastopathy in women are also the prevention of tumor diseases of the mammary glands, because mastopathy and breast tumors have many common external and internal risk factors, causes and development mechanisms.

Doctors include the following girls and women at risk of developing mastopathy:

• with “wrong” female reproductive life: burdened by abortions, with early or late births, absence or short period of breastfeeding, long-term uncontrolled use of hormonal contraceptives;
• with a hereditary predisposition to proliferative processes in the mammary gland (mastopathy and breast cancer in close blood relatives);
• with women's diseases (inflammatory, hyperplastic diseases, premenstrual syndrome, algodismenorrhea);
• those who are in a state of chronic stress, with neuroses, depression, which cause a reaction of the endocrine system and a failure of the entire hormonal “vertical”: pituitary gland - thyroid gland - ovaries - mammary glands;
• with thyroid dysfunction, which affects the condition of the breast through the ovaries;
• with obesity (adipose tissue produces excess hormones) and/or diabetes (insulin affects cell growth in the mammary gland);
• with problematic liver (acute and chronic hepatitis and their consequences) and intestines (dysbacteriosis, irritable bowel syndrome);
• with injuries and microtraumas of the breast, including due to a bra that is inappropriate in size and material;
• with chronic alcohol, nicotine, drug intoxication.

Mammary gland and hormonal cycle

All of the above factors more strongly swing the hormonal cyclic “swing” in a woman’s body, which leads to too high levels of estrogen and “diffuse cystic disease of the mammary glands” (the international name for the described pathology).

A woman feels mastopathy as enlarged and painful breasts due to excessive growth of glandular and connective tissue and the formation of small and large nodules, cords and cysts.

It is especially unpleasant and alarming when the symptoms of mastopathy do not go away after menstruation.

To differentiate pathological changes in the mammary glands from their natural engorgement in the second phase of the menstrual cycle and pronounced PMS, a woman must know her breasts well, pay sufficient attention to them and notice in time the slightest changes in its structure.

To do this, it is necessary to regularly and purposefully, on the same day (preferably 5-7 from the beginning of menstruation), conduct a breast self-examination, which includes visual inspection and palpation (palpation) of the mammary glands while standing and lying down. Lumps in the breast and discharge from the nipple should be a reason to visit a mammologist.

Treatment based on examination results

The doctor, as a rule, prescribes an ultrasound and mammography of the mammary glands for a woman with mastopathy, and is also interested in the patient’s hormonal profile, which includes: estradiol, progesterone, prolactin, LH and FSH.

Visualization of changes in glandular and connective tissue allows, together with the clinical picture and hormonal imbalance, to make a diagnosis, clarifying the form of mastopathy (diffuse or nodular) and begin therapy.

Treatment is always comprehensive, taking into account the underlying disease, age, life plans of the woman, and her preferences for one or another type of medication. The mammologist may prescribe:

• non-hormonal drugs: enzymes (“Wobenzym”), anti-inflammatory and diuretics, homeopathic medicines (“Mastodinon”), hepatoprotectors, iodine-containing drugs;

• hormonal drugs orally and locally (Duphaston, Progestogel, tamoxifen, hormonal contraceptives, androgens).

Patients with nodular hyperplasia, after a particularly thorough examination and, in case of unsuccessful treatment of mastopathy using conservative methods, are usually offered surgical removal of nodular formations in order to prevent tumors in the mammary gland.

When mastopathy is diagnosed, treatment and prevention (primary is carried out after identifying risk factors, secondary - after detection and initial treatment of mastopathy) must include elements of a healthy lifestyle:

• a diet enriched with carrots and seaweed, which has a beneficial effect on mammary gland cells;
• taking vitamins, primarily A, E, C and microelements, which are prescribed depending on the phase of the menstrual cycle, which helps maintain hormonal balance;
• use of targeted dietary supplements.

With the approval of most mammologists, taking dietary supplements is becoming increasingly popular for the prevention of mastopathy.

In particular, dietary supplements with indole-3 carbinol, which is found in large quantities in cruciferous vegetables (for example, broccoli).

This group of herbal preparations, in particular Indinol, prevents the development of hyperproliferative processes and diseases in estrogen-dependent organs, including the mammary gland.

Treatment with indinols from various manufacturers lasts 6 months, and for prevention they are usually taken for 3 months.

We recommend reading the article about the treatment of mastopathy with hormonal drugs. How the course of the disease changes depending on a woman’s hormonal background, what drugs are used to treat mastopathy, you can read in more detail in this article.  

Lifestyle and prevention measures

However, prevention of mastopathy includes not only the drugs described above and special nutrition . It is of great importance to identify and eliminate/modify risk factors starting from adolescence and young adulthood. This:

• prevention of abortions through the use of modern contraceptives, preferably individually selected by a gynecologist;
• early diagnosis and treatment of gynecological diseases and endocrine syndromes;
• planning pregnancy and childbirth at the most favorable age period;
• breastfeeding for at least 8 months;
• early diagnosis and control of liver and thyroid pathologies;
• elimination of stress, prevention of neuroses (including anorexia, bulimia) and depressive states, and, if necessary, their timely treatment by a psychologist/psychotherapist;
• diet excluding large amounts of animal fat, coffee, cocoa, tea, chocolate, spicy and smoked foods;
• exclusion of high-calorie foods (fast and junk foods) in order to prevent obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome;
• sufficient physical activity, adequate sleep, regular sex life;
• avoiding excessive physical impact on the breasts: injuries, topless sunbathing, pressure on the breasts due to inappropriate underwear and clothing, heat (saunas, hot baths), intense massage.

In addition, prevention includes:

• conducting screening studies (regular self-examination, ultrasound, mammography of the mammary glands in accordance with the latest WHO recommendations);
• observation by a mammologist, regardless of age, with a high individual risk of developing mastopathy.

It is important to remember that the prevention of mastopathy is also the prevention of oncology of the breast and other organs of the female reproductive system, therefore its implementation ensures a long, fulfilling and happy female life.

Source: http://GrudInfo.ru/profilaktika-mastopatii/